对创新西方经济学教学的若干思考

社会主义市场经济制度和市场在资源配置中基础地位的确立，突显了西方经济学在财经类高校教学中的重要性。然而，由于教育制度和思想观念变迁的滞后，当前西方经济学教学与其在财经类课程体系的地位和发展社会主义市场经济的要求严重不对称。加快市场经济的理论和建设人才的培养，就必须对西方经济学教学实施观念和内容创新。     

技术董事、股权激励对企业创新效率的影响

随着知识经济时代的到来，创新在企业经营中的地位越来越高，董事、监事及高管团队对企业创新战略的方向、组织和实施具有重要影响，研究他们对企业创新的影响变得必要和迫切。以2012-2017年沪深两市上市公司为研究对象，运用DEA-Tobit两阶段模型，分析企业技术董事比例和股权激励（分为高管股权激励和核心员工股权激励两个维度）对中国上市公司技术创新效率的影响。结果显示，公司技术董事的比例越大，上市公司技术创新效率越高；对核心员工的股权激励授予比例越高，上市公司技术创新效率越高；然而，高管股权激励授予比例与上市公司技术创新效率并无显著联系。     

中国低碳城市建设的创新驱动效应评估——兼论多重嵌套试点示范机制的完善

以中国分批次、分地区进行的低碳城市试点作为准自然实验，利用277个城市2003—2017年面板数据和双重差分模型，对低碳城市建设影响低碳技术创新的效应与机理进行系统经验考察。研究发现：①自上而下指定产生、试点单位以省为主的第一批低碳城市试点并未有效促进低碳技术创新，而自下而上申报遴选、试点单位以城市为主的第二批试点则显著推动了低碳技术进步；②政策效应机理是加大政策性研发补贴支持力度，而增加研发从业人员数量和提高经济集聚程度的传导机制并不明显；③环境规制、城市规模和资源禀赋均具有调节作用，对于环保重点城市、“两控区”城市、碳交易试点城市、规模较大城市和资源丰裕程度较低的城市而言，低碳城市建设对低碳技术创新的促增作用更加显著。     

Innovative leadership: First-mover advantages in new product adoption

Summary. This paper analyzes innovation adoption when uncertainty about its profitability cannot be resolved immediately. Firms begin with a common estimate of the probability of high demand. If any adopts, all observe realized demand. An increase in the initial estimate can decrease the equilibrium number of initial adopters, because it results in higher updated estimates that can induce future adoption by additional firms that reduces the initial adoption payoff. Moreover, innovative leadership does not imply initial adoption because leadership implies a greater waiting payoff as well as a greater adoption payoff. Leadership does, however, still provide a higher expected payoff. Received: July 16, 2001; revised version: January 13, 2002     

The influence of business strategy on new product activity: The role of market orientation

In this paper, we propose that business strategy influences new product activity both directly and indirectly via its influence on market orientation. Accordingly, we develop a framework linking firms' relative emphasis on cost leadership, product differentiation and focus strategies to firms' customer and competitor orientation as well as their new product development and introduction activity. We use this framework to develop a simultaneous equations model that is tested on survey data from 175 Dutch firms of varying size and across different industries in the manufacturing sector. The surprising findings are that a greater emphasis on a focus strategy results in a decreased emphasis on customer orientation and that competitor orientation has a negative direct influence on new product activity and an indirect positive effect via customer orientation. We discuss the implications of these findings for theory and practice.     

市场结构如何影响R＆D投入？——基于中国制造业行业面板数据的实证分析

熊彼特假说与新古典学派在“垄断（竞争）程度影响创新”的研究领域形成经典争论，对此进行的大量研究仍没有形成统一结论。本文在对已有实证研究的评述基础上。重新探讨了实证方法论，并基于中国制造业行业的面板数据进行了实证检验。实证结果表明，以勒纳指数表示的行业市场竞争与创新投入之间确呈倒U型关系，而行业中的外资比重比国有比重更能反映创新投入的差异，文章认为这能从中国的制度变迁中找到解释。对于“技术机会”的衡量，本文设计的固定资产项并没有起到足够的作用，相反，行业个体效应更能与其进行对应。     

21世纪的中国企业管理创新谈(下)

企业管理信息化是企业管理创新的重要课题，是企业管理现代化的基础，现代企业的信息资源具有与前大不同的新特点，企业信息化必须运用现代信息技术，它是一项复杂的系统工程，要有符合实际的整体规则。     

创业驱动的区域创新体系模型及其运行机制研究

本文在区域创新体系框架下,基于对美国硅谷区域创新体系的深入分析,归纳出一种创业驱动的区域创新体系模型,并对其运行机制进行了探讨,旨在对国内区域创新体系的建设起到启示与借鉴作用。     

The national innovation policy effect according to firm location

The regional nature of innovation and innovation policy was investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether the specific economic and institutional conditions of a region had an influence on the results of a national policy intended to support entrepreneurial innovation. The analysis compared the effect of the national R&D subsidies on the innovation effort of firms located in central regions, which concentrate an important percentage of the national innovation activity, together with those firms located in periphery regions. Significant regional differences were detected with regard to the national R&D subsidies’ effect and distribution. The central regions manifested a higher subsidy effect compared to the periphery regions. The results of this study have allowed us to conclude that the region plays an important differentiating role in connection with the final result of the innovation policy aimed at the entire national territory. Therefore, this study recommends including the geographical location of the firm in future evaluations.     

企业知识管理的研究

在知识社会,知识成为了企业最重要的战略资源,谁拥有更多、更新的知识并能尽快将知识转化为生产力,谁就能在激烈的市场竞争中获胜。与此同时,"知识管理"也逐渐流行起来,各类企业纷纷开始推行知识管理。然而,不少企业的知识管理却并没有达到他们预期的成效。文中试图通过对知识性质的认识以及对知识创造模型(SECI模型)的分析来思考企业对于知识管理实施的困惑,希望能够给企业的知识管理实践带来一些建设性的认识。