Adoption of volunteered geographic information into the formal land administration system in Kenya

Individualization of tenure through title registration programmes introduced in many African countries after independence with the promise of security of tenure and increased agricultural productivity has, instead, had the opposite effect. Informal land arrangements continue to emerge as a result of the slow pace of land adjudication (formalization) and updating of land information systems. The trend towards computerization of land information systems has only put focus on already existing formal land tenure arrangements, leaving out the informal social tenure arrangements. As a result, there are now many efforts worldwide motivated by the introduction of the Social Tenure Domain Model (STDM), and freely-available and easy-to-use technology tools to identify, document and map land in support of informal land administration arrangements. Actions are made towards the use of community-generated information to support land administration. Using theories from the interplay between formal and informal institutions, this paper discusses the potential outcomes in adopting Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) in land administration in Kenya. Two case studies are presented that demonstrate the complementary-accommodating, versus the substitutive-competing approaches. These are then compared with the formal land adjudication process in Kenya. It is established that because of the direct involvement of the national mapping agency in land adjudication where VGI is utilized, the outcome is a case of formal adoption of VGI, while in the other case, where there is little or no involvement by the national mapping agency, the outcome is more of competition and substitution. The latter is an example in which the VGI is used just like any other information to inform policy making, rather than taking it as the authoritative source. We argue that since informality is – and will always be – part and parcel of land administration in many African countries as a result of ingrained social relations and power structures, adopting crowdsourced land information into existing formal land administration systems should consider the particular land administration process, satisfying innate demands and requirements, thus re-engineered to accommodate VGI.     

Web Service技术在供应链信息集成中的应用研究

随着全球化经济和现代化信息技术的飞速发展，企业已无法单独面对市场竞争，必须参与到供应链中，作为供应链的一个组成部分。供应链的不断庞大，各个企业相互之间很难交互和共享数据，于是形成一个个信息孤岛。如何进行信息交互使供应链管理发挥巨大的作用已成为人们普遍关注的热点。本文首先阐述了供应链管理的基本思想，其次分析了供应链管理中现状，在此基础上，提出了基于Web Service集成技术建立供应链信息集成系统，保持原有企业系统的独立性的基础上，在异构信息平台正确和快速的传递信息，提高供应链的运行效率。     

Individual differences in assessing problem similarity

This paper reports on a study which investigates the potential influence of perceptual differentiation (PD) ability on introductory accounting students' ability to identify and use analogies to solve problems. Accounting students with differing levels of PD ability first studied two sample problems with solutions which provided potential source analogues for analogical transfer. They then attempted to solve two analogous accounting problems differing only in the criteria for identifying problem analogousness. Findings suggest that PD ability may influence a problem solver's ability to identify analogous problems by affecting which problem features (surface or structural) he or she is likely to attend to and use for assessing problem similarity and potential analogousness. The paper concludes by discussing implications for pedagogical practices in accounting.     

The distinctive agenda of service failure recovery in e-tailing: Criticality of logistical / non-logistical service failure typologies and e-tailing ethics

What is so different about executing service failure recovery in an online environment as in e-tailing?Answering this, the present research points out to the need of considering e-tailing's natural propensity to foster multiple avenues of service failures which are either logistical or non-logistical in nature. Furthermore, given the distant location of the product, e-tailer, and the buyer, e-tailing is posed with risks of ethical transgressions. Therefore, by contextualizing on an Indian e-tailing scenario, we explore how service failure recovery in this challenging setting could be shaped. Justice building failure mitigation strategies such as response speed and compensation emerge to improve recovery efforts, however, apology seems to not work well in establishing justice to drive service failure recovery. Interestingly, an e-tailer's watchfulness toward the strengthening of its online ethics synergistically redeems recovery satisfaction, customer forgiveness, and positive word-of-mouth for the grieving consumer. This synergy can further mitigate the adverse impacts of service failure severity on recovery outcomes. Yet, a consumer having faced a severe service failure instance can have reservations in spreading positive word-of-mouth despite forgiving. Lastly, when considering logistical vs. non-logistical service failure typologies, the synergistic influence of e-tailing ethics and justice over recovery satisfaction becomes very strong in the case of non-logistical service failures.     

Reconceptualizing value creation: Exploring the role of goal congruence in the Co-creation process

As companies gradually shift from the exchange view to the resource integration view, the creation of value also shifts from the customer sphere to the joint sphere. As a result, the customer and service provider are responsible for co-creating value through resource integration. However, it raises the question of whether customers are capable of contributing to the co-creation of value. Our study proposes a framework of how goal congruence plays a pivotal role in the resource integration process between all actors in the joint sphere. When the level of goal congruence between customer and service provider actors is high, it stimulates the exchange of valuable resources from all actors, which leads to the actual experience of co-creation resulting in value-in-use and improves service outcomes, i.e., customer satisfaction and loyalty. Data were collected through a field survey from salon-and-spa customers (n = 530) and PLS-SEM was employed to test the hypotheses and further analysis. The results show that goal congruence impacts customer satisfaction and loyalty through value-in-use. Therefore, suggesting service providers to properly socialize their goals will be a good strategy to increase customer capability to co-create value and ultimately enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty.     

国际贸易理论的新发展与东亚实践

企业活动的国际化在东亚日渐形成的国际分工体制中是个极其重要的关键因素,探索其为何要走向国际化,对我国参与国际分工、特别是积极实施"走出去"战略,显然具有适时和现实的实践意义.在当前分工最活跃的东亚地区,这些理论的新发展正在被实践所证实.     

省联社管理及其对农信社效率提升的影响:理论与实证研究

合理地衡量和评价省联社对农信社效率的影响,是推动省联社改革的基础,也是当前理论和实践中面临的难题。本文在对省联社的管理服务职能详细调查的基础上,提出了通过比对省联社管理导向和农信社效率提升方向之间的差异,间接分析省联社管理对农信社效率的影响,并以2010-2017年A省75家农信社为研究对象进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,当前省联社管理的总体导向是:有效引导农信社在扩大业务规模的同时,控制总成本收入比和降低不良贷款水平,但对农信社的利润水平、风险覆盖水平、支农支小情况缺乏实质性约束;在推动农信社改制为农商行的过程中缺乏对其提高经营效率的帮助,在管理中未充分考虑各家农信社及其所处市场环境的差异等。文章建议,当前省联社改革的路径是“减少管理+增强服务”,其中减少管理的关键是解决退出职责谁接管的问题,而增强服务的关键是对省联社进行更有效的激励约束。     

CEO环境不确定性感知与企业创新模式选择关系研究

基于高阶理论与调节焦点理论,通过中国373家企业问卷调查数据,探讨CEO环境不确定性感知对企业创新模式选择的影响机制。结果表明：CEO环境不确定性感知对企业渐进性创新与突破性创新均具有显著正向影响;高管团队行为整合在CEO环境不确定性感知与企业创新间发挥部分中介作用;CEO特质调节焦点正向调节CEO环境不确定性感知与高管团队行为整合之间的关系,同时正向调节上述中介机制。     

网络嵌入、绿色动态能力与企业绿色创新——环境规制和管理者环境注意力的调节作用

基于动态能力理论、社会网络理论和制度理论等,探讨网络嵌入对企业绿色创新的影响,并进一步考察绿色动态能力在其中的中介作用以及环境规制、管理者环境注意力的调节作用。运用多元回归和Bootstrap方法进行实证检验,结果显示：结构嵌入和关系嵌入对企业绿色创新均具有显著影响;绿色动态能力在结构嵌入、关系嵌入与绿色创新之间起中介作用;环境规制、管理者环境注意力均正向调节绿色动态能力与绿色创新间关系。     

技术多元化、发明者网络嵌入与军民融合企业技术创新效率

采用随机前沿模型对2015—2020年中国内地107家军民融合企业技术创新效率进行测算,并基于军民融合企业专利数据构建技术多元化、发明者网络嵌入（结构洞和网络密度）等指标。运用社会网络分析与多元线性回归方法,实证分析技术多元化、发明者网络嵌入及两者交互作用、结构洞与网络密度的互补关系/平衡关系对军民融合企业技术创新效率的影响。结果发现：技术多元化、结构洞及两者交互作用对军民融合企业技术创新效率具有正向影响;网络密度及其与技术多元化的交互作用对军民融合企业技术创新效率具有负向影响;网络密度和结构洞的互补关系会抑制军民融合企业技术创新效率提升,但两者在军民融合企业内部的平衡关系能够促进军民融合企业技术创新效率提升。