老年综合征的评估研究

随着现阶段人口老龄化趋势越来越明显,我国的老年综合征患者数量逐渐增多,《老年综合征管理指南》对老年综合征有相关阐述,认为老年综合征是指老年人因多种非疾病原因或是疾病原因所引起的同一（或临床表现）老年病症,例如睡眠障碍、吞咽障碍、跌倒、褥疮等均属于老年综合征病症。     

两种方法比较治疗96例多囊卵巢综合症

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合症治疗方法及疗效。方法:接受治疗的96例多囊卵巢综合症患者随机分为两组:治疗组50例应用中西医结合方法治疗;对照组46例应用西药疗法治疗。结果:采用李美芝的《多囊卵巢综合征的诊断与治疗》疗效评定方法评定:治疗组优31例,良15例,有效率81.20%;对照组优19例,良16例,优良率76.08%。结论:治疗组与对照组有效率比较P=0.0319<0.05有统计学意义,中西医结合疗法治疗多囊卵巢综合症的优良率高于对照组单纯西药疗法。     

Economic evaluation of linaclotide for the treatment of adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in the United States

Abstract

Objectives:

To use techniques of decision-analytic modeling to evaluate the effectiveness and costs of linaclotide vs lubiprostone in the treatment of adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C).

Methods:

Using model inputs derived from published literature, linaclotide Phase III trial data and a physician survey, a decision-tree model was constructed. Response to therapy was defined as (1) a ≥14-point increase from baseline in IBS-Quality-of-Life (IBS-QoL) questionnaire overall score at week 12 or (2) one of the top two responses (moderately/significantly relieved) on a 7-point IBS symptom relief question in ≥2 of 3 months. Patients who do not respond to therapy are assumed to fail therapy and accrue costs associated with a treatment failure. Model time horizon is aligned with clinical trial duration of 12 weeks. Model outputs include number of responders, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and total costs (including direct and indirect). Both one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results:

Treatment for IBS-C with linaclotide produced more responders than lubiprostone for both response definitions (19.3% vs 13.0% and 61.8% vs 57.2% for IBS-QoL and symptom relief, respectively), lower per-patient costs ($803 vs $911 and $977 vs $1056), and higher QALYs (0.1921 vs 0.1917 and 0.1909 vs 0.1894) over the 12-week time horizon. Results were similar for most one-way sensitivity analyses. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the majority of simulations resulted in linaclotide having higher treatment response rates and lower per-patient costs.

Limitations:

There are no available head-to-head trials that compare linaclotide with lubiprostone; therefore, placebo-adjusted estimates of relative efficacy were derived for model inputs. The time horizon for this model is relatively short, as it was limited to the duration of available clinical trial data.

Conclusions:

Linaclotide was found to be a less costly option vs lubiprostone for the treatment of adult patients with IBS-C.     

舒血宁注射液联合丹参滴丸治疗急性冠脉综合征临床研究

目的探讨舒血宁注射液联合丹参滴丸治疗急性冠脉综合征的临床疗效。方法将我院2011年6月至2013年6月收治住院的60例急性冠脉综合征患者分为两组,对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用舒血宁注射液联合丹参滴丸治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为93.3%,显著高于对照组(73.3%),P<0.05。结论舒血宁注射液联合丹参滴丸治疗急性冠脉综合征疗效显著,值得在临床推广。     

瑞舒伐他汀与替格瑞洛联合用药方案治疗非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者的临床效果及不良反应

目的 探讨瑞舒伐他汀与替格瑞洛联合用药方案治疗非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的临床效果及不良反应.方法 选取2018年1月至2019年7月沈阳积水潭医院收治的70例非ST段抬高型ACS患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组35例.对照组采用替格瑞洛治疗,观察组采用瑞舒伐他汀与替格瑞洛联合...     

A cost-effectiveness analysis of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a 44mcg 3-times a week vs no treatment for patients with clinically isolated syndrome in Sweden

Abstract

Objective:

To assess the cost-effectiveness of subcutaneous interferon (sc IFN) beta-1a 44?mcg 3-times weekly (tiw) vs no treatment at reducing the risk of conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) in Sweden.

Methods:

A Markov model was constructed to simulate the clinical course of patients with CIS treated with sc IFN beta-1a 44?mcg tiw or no treatment over a 40-year time horizon. Costs were estimated from a societal perspective in 2012 Swedish kronor (SEK). Treatment efficacy data were derived from the REFLEX trial; resource use and quality-of-life (QoL) data were obtained from the literature. Costs and outcomes were discounted at 3%. Sensitivity analyses explored whether results were robust to changes in input values and use of Poser criteria.

Results:

Using McDonald criteria sc IFN beta-1a was cost-saving and more effective (i.e., dominant) vs no treatment. Gains in progression free life years (PFLYs) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were 1.63 and 0.53, respectively. Projected cost savings were 270,263 SEK. For Poser criteria cost savings of 823,459 SEK were estimated, with PFLY and QALY gains of 4.12 and 1.38, respectively. Subcutaneous IFN beta-1a remained dominant from a payer perspective. Results were insensitive to key input variation. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis estimated a 99.9% likelihood of cost-effectiveness at a willingness-to-pay threshold of 500,000 SEK/QALY.

Conclusion:

Subcutaneous IFN beta-1a is a cost-effective option for the treatment of patients at high risk of MS conversion. It is associated with lower costs, greater QALY gains, and more time free of MS.

Limitations:

The risk of conversion from CIS to MS was extrapolated from 2-year trial data. Treatment benefit was assumed to persist over the model duration, although long-term data to support this are unavailable. Cost and QoL data from MS patients were assumed applicable to CIS patients.     

循证医学在治疗多囊卵巢综合征中的应用

采用循证治疗的方法为1例已婚未育PCOS患者制定合理的治疗方案,有效提高了治疗疗效和妊娠率。     

小儿原发性肾病综合症复发相关因素分析及其护理对策

探讨小儿原发性肾病综合症复发相关因素,为预防和护理对策提供相应的依据。选择原发性肾病综合症患儿52例,对其可能引起复发的相关因素及预防护理对策进行了分析。引起原发性肾病综合症复发的因素复杂,除服药周期未达到足够的疗程外,还与肾病本身和治疗用药导致的抵抗力下降、并发感染等有关。探讨引起肾病综合症复发的相关因素,从护理角度预防及减少其复发是很有必要的。