Class Struggle or Embedded Markets? Marx,Polanyi and the Meanings and Possibilities of Social Transformation

Marx and Polanyi both held that socialism, in one form or another, was a preferable and possible alternative to capitalism. Their ideas are seen to offer theoretical tools to understand the tensions and contradictions of capitalism, and to inform ways to overcome them. This paper discusses Polanyi's work from a Marxist perspective in order to illuminate his strengths and weaknesses. Its main focus is to discuss Polanyi's juxtaposing of commodification against exploitation, in diagnosing the problems of capitalist expansion. We suggest that by juxtaposing these two moments, Polanyi not only misses out on a crucial arena of capitalist activity (exploitation), but also undermines his own explication of processes of commodification. This has deleterious consequences for his understanding of the prevalence of poverty under capitalism. It also means that his vision of social transformation and of socialism is profoundly different, and potentially antithetical, to that of Marx. We suggest that for Polanyi's conception of de-commodification to gain greater traction it needs to be combined with Marx's analysis of exploitation and class struggle.     

Hilferding on derivatives

Abstract

Rudolf Hilferding has always been regarded as a leading Marxist scholar. His theoretical intervention is still considered to be benchmark in Political Economy. Nevertheless, Hilferding's approach to derivatives has been left untouched. The aim of this paper is precisely to fill this gap in the literature. Hilferding realised that the development of the stock exchange was indeed parallel to another important event: the emergence of standardised derivative exchanges; he underlined their economic significance for the organisation of capitalism. In spite of how one appraises the final outcome of his analysis, the intention to incorporate futures markets in his general approach and to analyse them using Marxian theoretical categories is quite exceptional in the long tradition of political economy.     

“话语转换”视角下的马克思主义大众化--兼谈“中国梦”的话语效果

话语转换是马克思主义大众化的本质要求。从话语体系上把“中国特色社会主义的共同理想”创新性地转换为“中国梦”,不仅符合意识形态现代化的要求,而且是思想政治教育发展的需要。由于“中国梦”还赋予了共同理想更丰富的内涵,其典范性必定助推思想政治教育话语转换走向深入,为马克思主义大众化凭添更多光彩。     

The State,Public Policy and Heterodox Economics: An Introduction

While most heterodox economists endorse some amount of policy activism, there is no unified conception of the state and public policy in heterodox economics. To help clarify the similarities and differences within heterodoxy – and between heterodox and mainstream economics – a panel addressing this subject was convened in 2007 at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Institutional Thought. This article introduces the essays prepared for that symposium. They include an examination of the position of Marx and Engels, a clarification of the institutionalist views of Veblen and Commons, an outline of the perspective of Post Keynesian Institutionalism, and an account of some essential contributions of Classical Pragmatism (a major school of thought within the philosophy of science). The collection advances what Robert Heilbroner called “the worldly philosophy” by seeking to understand the role of the state in a world where institutions, defined broadly as social habits, adjust to other institutions.

从两部经典著作看马克思异化理论的发展

马克思异化理论的演化发展,鲜明体现了马克思思想理论的发展脉络。《手稿》中异化理论剖析了资本主义的社会经济生活,为马克思通向新世界观打开了大门;《形态》使异化理论在唯物史观基础上取得新进展,其内涵更加明确,成为马克思主义完整体系不可分割的一部分。从《手稿》到《形态》马克思异化理论不断走向成熟。     

马克思论农产品供求与价格运行规律的理论与实践

马克思并没有留给我们专门论述农产品供求与价格的著作。他对这一问题的论述分散在他的主要著作中。农产品价格是农产品供求相互作用的结果。农产品供给与需求弹性较小,决定了农产品价格与价值是由劣等地生产的商品调节的。从影响我国农产品生产与供给诸因素分析,我国农产品(尤其是粮食)供给偏紧的态势将长期存在,潜伏着我国农产品(尤其是粮食)价格上涨的压力。     

马克思实践理论和谐观的本质属性与历史渊源

马克思实践理论和谐观认为,和谐是社会生活的需要、社会生产的需要、社会管理的需要。它的产生、形成和发展有其自身历史的、逻辑的演进过程;它不仅在各方面体现出和谐的本质,而且还使和谐思想有可能成为现实。     

波普历史非决定论思想的证立逻辑及其批判

波普以证伪主义科学知识增长模式为逻辑支柱的历史非决定论思想是现代西方历史哲学中独具特色的一支。通过对猜测一反驳方法极端否定证实的逻辑学分析和对科学知识内在规律的科学揭示,深刻地批判了波普的历史非决定论思想,说明了历史决定论的深刻基础只能是人们的“实际生活过程”。     

论经典作家对未来社会主义社会特征的构想

从马克思、恩格斯论述未来社会主义时坚持的原则出发,论述马克思恩格斯关于未来社会主义的特征的构想,阐明马克思恩格斯构想的未来社会主义社会的可实践性和科学性.     

Interest and profit

This paper argues that it is important to distinguish between the real rate of interest on money and the profitability of business enterprise. The former is a purely financial or monetary phenomenon （as claimed by Keynes） and the latter is in the nature of a surplus over and above the costs of production, including financing costs. There is an inverse relationship between the real rate of interest on money and the average mark-up or profit share. A synthetic theory of profit illustrates these points.