Capitalism and democracy in the 21st Century: from the managed to the entrepreneurial economy*

 This paper explains how and why the developed countries are undergoing a fundamental shift away from a managed economy and towards an entrepreneurial economy. This shift is shaping the development of western capitalism and has triggered a shift in government policies away from constraining the freedom of business to contract through regulation, public ownership and antitrust towards a new set of enabling policies which foster the creation and commercialization of new knowledge. The empirical evidence from a cross-section of countries over time suggests that those countries that have experienced a greater shift from the managed to the entrepreneurial economy have had lower levels of unemployment.     

企业价值评价与知识增值的研究

价值分析是经济学中经常使用的一种方法,但在企业经营管理分析中却常被忽略。该研究将企业价值创造要素归结为劳动、知识和资本3种,通过对国内9个行业的实证研究及对四川托普软件股份有限公司的案例研究,建立起上述3种要素尤其是知识要素的测量方法,按照知识和资本维度对不同行业进行了分类,并归纳出企业的知识价值增值曲线。通过研究知识在企业价值创造过程中的作用,希望通过探讨知识的价值增值以促进企业分配制度的完善。     

知识联盟R&D投入与绩效的关系——基于知识势差视角的研究

研究了知识联盟R&D投入与绩效的关系,构建了基于知识势差的知识联盟R&D投入与绩效的关系模型,并进行了数学分析。研究认为:知识势差是知识联盟的成因,它从根本上影响着R&D投入与绩效的关系;绩效是知识水平和合作意愿的函数,联盟绩效应着重考虑企业知识水平的变化;R&D投入与绩效之间不呈现显著的正相关关系;要达到一定的知识势差,R&D投入才对绩效产生显著的正向影响;R&D投入过大反而会造成绩效的下降;合作意愿越强,R&D投入对绩效的正向影响越显著。     

Participation in groupware-mediated communities of practice: a socio-political analysis of knowledge working

This paper adopts a communities of practice approach to examine how the introduction of a groupware application in a UK pharmaceuticals company enabled and constrained knowledge working. We will refine the analysis by distinguishing between participation that is undertaken in what is referred to as political enclaves, and participation that takes place in safe enclaves. We will discuss how the deliberate intervention of some employees moderated some of politicising, and facilitated increased participation. The paper concludes by suggesting ways in which existing theoretical conceptualisations of information systems and knowledge work may be expanded to consider socio-political issues in more depth.     

知识经济时代无形资产会计的创新

伴随着知识经济的到来，无形资产的重要性日益提高，知识经济对无形资产有着深刻的影响。为知识经济的挑战，使无形资产会计适应时代的要求，无形资产会计必须不断进行改革与创新，重新确立无形资产的会计确认和计量模式，以发挥其应有的作用。     

Knowledge Disclosure and Transmission in Buyer–Supplier Relationships

A buyer’s technical knowledge may increase the efficiency of its supplier. Suppliers, however, frequently maintain relationships with additional buyers. Knowledge disclosure then bears the risk of benefiting one’s own rival due to opportunistic knowledge transmission through the common supplier. We show that in one-shot relationships no knowledge disclosure takes place because the supplier has an incentive to transmit and, anticipating that, buyers refuse to disclose any of their knowledge. In repeated relationships knowledge disclosure is stabilized by larger technological proximity between buyers and suppliers and destabilized by the absolute value of the knowledge.      

Globally networked: Intraorganizational boundary spanning in the global organization

Multinational corporations (MNCs) need to sense, source, and mobilize knowledge when and where it arises, whether at home, or elsewhere in the world. For this reason, MNCs benefit from employee networks of relationships that span across intraorganizational barriers, allowing for the efficient mobilization of knowledge across boundaries. Yet, which organizational members are more likely to be able to develop these boundary spanning networks? We leverage a unique data set from a large multinational corporation to empirically test a comprehensive model that captures the effect of an employee’s mandate, expertise, and behavioral orientations on her likelihood to span intraorganizational boundaries that manifest themselves in the form of hierarchies, intra-functional domains, and geographic territories. We find that the employees that are more likely to be boundary spanners are those having mandates with a global impact, high levels of expertise, and a collaborative orientation in their networking behaviors. In addition, we find that these effects are stronger for those employees that have large formal workflow networks.     

创建"新知识城市" 促进新兴工业化的发展

新知识的成长和飞跃是国内新兴工业城市发展的主要动力。结合若干城市的经验 ,参考国外在高新技术发展中的历程 ,提出创建“新知识城市”的倡议及其对城市规划和建设的新要求     

Bibliometric analysis of absorptive capacity

This study contributes to our understanding of absorptive capacity (AC) by reviewing AC articles systematically using two types of blibliometric co-citation analysis – bibliometric co-citation and bibliometric cartography – for the last 25 years. In total, we analyzed 336 articles (using HistCite) and 2088 articles (using VOSviewer), respectively, finding five research streams in AC: (1) intra-organizational learning; (2) inter-organizational learning; (3) knowledge transfer; (4) dynamic capability; and (5) micro-foundations. This integrative literature review of AC adds to the categorization of the literature, links the international business research to AC, and provides promising future research directions. Our study gives detailed information about the development of each research stream by measuring the number of publications in each stream over 25 years using bibliometric cartography analysis. Based on the literature, we propose 26 future research questions for these five research streams.     

知识创造场的动力机制与管理模式研究

知识创造的动力不仅存在于个人,而且存在于人与人以及人与环境相互作用的场中。从点、线、面3个层次剖析知识创造的场动力,并根据动力机制,进一步探讨知识创造场的管理模式,旨在为知识创新管理提供指导。