政府教育支出效益的有限性分析及模型

我国政府教育支出与国民经济发展的速度不相适应 ,应该继续加大对教育的支出 ,改善支出结构。政府教育支出效率要受到政府财力、公共支出政策及国家教育政策目标的约束 ,但无论政府教育支出的效率如何 ,都会产生对社会公共教育需求和社会发展的积极影响。本文在确定政府教育支出所产生效益的指标后 ,用模型分析了政府增加教育支出的效益 ,并进行评价 ,认为当前我国政府应该调整教育政策目标 ,减少高等教育支出比例。     

Risk Preferences,Production Risk and Firm Heterogeneity*

A new technique is proposed for deriving the risk preference function under production risk and expected utility of profit maximization. The derivation depends on neither a specific parametric form of the utility function nor any distribution of the error term representing production risk. The proposed risk preference function is flexible enough to test different types of risk behavior and symmetry of the output distribution. Furthermore, our production risk specification allows for inputs with positive and negative marginal risk. The econometric model accommodates production risk, risk preferences and firm heterogeneity simultaneously. Norwegian salmon farming data are used as an application.     

商业银行核心竞争力的三维评价研究

研究商业银行的核心竞争力评价问题对繁荣我国的金融市场具有重要意义。首先构建了评价商业银行核心竞争力的指标体系，采用系统的思想提出了一种分析核心竞争力的三维评价模型，并给出了综合评价核心竞争力的最优点法。在此基础上深入讨论了该模型的投影操作。     

On the Benefits of Withholding Knowledge in Organizations

Transferring knowledge to an agent makes him more successful or productive, which is beneficial for the principal. However, knowledge transfer also increases the agent’s outside option. I identify two reasons for withholding knowledge — to reduce labor costs within a principal–agent relationship, and to weaken the agent in case of a separation. Moreover, the role of synergy is discussed both for building up a principal–agent relationship and for transferring knowledge. While synergy is decisive for knowledge transfer, cooperation between the principal and agent may even take place in the absence of synergy. Furthermore, I analyze whether the principal is more likely to transfer knowledge to a more able or to a less able agent. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of a noncompetition clause are briefly discussed.     

农户对农业保险支付意愿的测算及其影响因素的分析——以湖北省兴山县烟叶保险为例

本文以湖北省兴山县烟叶保险为例,采用CVM方法获取调查数据,并利用PCE模型分析得出了影响农户对烟叶保险支付意愿的主要因素包括:对烟叶保险重要性的认知程度、自然灾害造成的烟叶生产的平均损失金额、农户年龄和年家庭纯收入。同时,本文还测算出了保额为每亩100元时,农户对烟叶保险的支付意愿平均值为6.43元/亩。这些结论为解决农业保险保费筹集问题提供了思路。     

Monetary shocks, the exchange rate, and the trade balance

This paper investigates the response of the exchange rate and the trade balance to monetary policy innovations for the US economy during the period 1973:01–1993:12. The empirical findings indicate that contractionary monetary policy shocks lead to transitory appreciations of the real and the nominal exchange rate. Exchange rate appreciations that are caused by a temporary contractionary shock to monetary policy are correlated with a short-lived improvement in the trade balance which is then followed by a deterioration, giving support to the J-curve hypothesis.     

A model of quality control based on recycling economy and sustainable manufacture

People currentiy pay attention to a hotspot problem that how industrial production is evaluated and controlled based on sustainable development theory. Quality is one of the important indexes. Two mainstream theories guide us to realize the industrial sustainable development： mainly the circular economy and sustainable manufacturing are introduced. The basic characteristics of the sustainable manufacturing are introduced, and that quality management is important contents of sustainable development is indicated. Based on circular economy and sustainable manufacture theories, the drawbacks in the existing quality management models are analyzed. The requests that satisfy the big system ＂environment- society - economy＂ are summarized to build up a model. A Chinese traditional cultural principle is applied and the relevant contents are sublimated as the platform to set up the model. The new quality management concept models are put forward ＂T- D- R＂ three-dimensional structures and ＂ecological quality loop＂ model, from which the new quality concepts are formed The paper elaborates the contents and the process of setting up the models. The big quality problems of the system can be handled by the new quality concept and model that are validated in practice.     

双重委托代理理论与股权集中型公司治理最优化研究综述

基于双重委托代理理论模型构建的股权集中型公司治理最优化研究,试图基于双重委托代理理论模型的构建而确立一种股权集中型公司治理问题的一般分析框架,希冀解析基于一定公司治理环境及其变迁的公司治理最优化特别是股权集中型公司治理最优化这一问题的理论涵义与实践要旨,其对于丰富公司治理理论与促进公司治理实践的重要意义不言而喻.本文由此出发,对既有相关研究进行了述评,并有基于此,就基于双重委托代理理论模型构建的股权集中型公司治理最优化研究的主要内容与关键问题进行了阐述.     

Identification and estimation with contaminated data: When do covariate data sharpen inference?

Contaminated or corrupted data typically require strong assumptions to identify parameters of interest. However, weaker assumptions often identify bounds on these parameters. This paper addresses when covariate data—variables in addition to the one of interest—tighten these bounds. First, we construct the identification region for the distribution of the variable of interest. This region demonstrates that covariate data are useless without knowledge about the distribution of erroneous data conditional on the covariates. Then, we develop bounds both on probabilities and on parameters of this distribution that respect stochastic dominance.     

Defining Markets for Ex Ante Regulation using the Hypothetical Monopoly Test

The EU is gradually systematizing its approach to ex ante regulation (notably with the publication of the recent regulatory framework for Electronic communications). Market definition is viewed as an essential first step in this, with the ‘Hypothetical Monopoly Test’ a useful conceptual tool for use in the assessment. This paper examines the use of this test for market definition when there are several differentiated goods or services under consideration. It sets out an analytic framework, discusses the pros and cons of using the test and illustrates its use in a Telecom context.