海南省低碳经济综合评价方法研究

本文根据海南低碳经济的实际状况,利用多元统计方法选取低碳经济综合评价的指标体系。首先,计算其能源、经济和环境三个指标的综合发展水平值以及协调关系,然后,建立综合评价模型方法,并结合实际需求提出海南省低碳经济发展的建议。     

组织工程用三维多孔支架制备技术研究进展

综述了近几年组织工程用三维多孔支架的制备技术及研究成果,传统技术包含微球烧结法、溶液浇铸/粒子沥滤法、热致相分离/冷冻干燥法、静电纺丝法、快速成型法等;超临界技术包括超临界CO2发泡法、超临界CO2乳剂制模法、超临界CO2静电纺丝法、超临界辅助相分离法、超临界CO2溶剂去除法、离子液体聚合物混合干燥法等。重点评述了超临界流体技术在组织工程用三维支架制备中的发展前景。     

Technological and organizational capital: Where complementarities exist

This study analyzes the complementarities between technological and organizational capital within enterprises. Different components of technological and organizational capital exert distinct—and often opposed—forces on each other. Our empirical results show that greater employee voice promotes firm productivity when combined with information technology, but harms firm productivity when combined with communication technology. On the other hand, flexible work design is positively associated with communication technology and negatively associated with information technology.     

Can Direct Regulations Spur Innovations in Environmental Technologies? A Study on Firm‐Level Patenting

Using a rich Norwegian panel dataset that includes information about the type and number of patent applications, direct environmental regulations, and a large number of control variables, we analyze the effects of direct regulations on environmental patenting. We use inspection violation status as a measure of regulatory stringency, while controlling for risk class. Violation status captures the probability that a firm might be sanctioned for violating its emission permit. Controlling for risk class captures firm heterogeneity related to dirtiness and inspection frequency. We empirically identify strong and significant effects on innovations resulting from the implicit regulatory costs of direct regulations.     

Bridging the gap between foresight and market research: Integrating methods to assess the economic potential of nanotechnology

This paper discusses how to bridge the gap between foresight research oriented to the long-term, and traditional market research oriented to the medium to short term, when applied to an early stage of a technology's life cycle. It proposes using an integrating approach, i.e. a combination of methods and both foresight and traditional market research. A mix of complementary methods for the acquisition and analysis of data is presented in a case study. This helps to overcome the deficits of some qualitative foresight methods and quantitative methods often used in traditional market research and allows us to examine research results from the different methods applied both on their own and as a group. In the absence of a single fully-fledged and accepted economic approach, this paper argues that combined market research and foresight modules are the best possible approach for analyzing the economic potential of emerging technologies like nanotechnology. In the future, similar applications of such market foresight modules may be useful, for example, as elements of foresight. They will also be useful in studies of emerging technologies (e.g. converging technologies, cognitive science and Web 2.0) where traditional market research does not produce a realistic market assessment.     

中国低碳城市建设的创新驱动效应评估——兼论多重嵌套试点示范机制的完善

以中国分批次、分地区进行的低碳城市试点作为准自然实验，利用277个城市2003—2017年面板数据和双重差分模型，对低碳城市建设影响低碳技术创新的效应与机理进行系统经验考察。研究发现：①自上而下指定产生、试点单位以省为主的第一批低碳城市试点并未有效促进低碳技术创新，而自下而上申报遴选、试点单位以城市为主的第二批试点则显著推动了低碳技术进步；②政策效应机理是加大政策性研发补贴支持力度，而增加研发从业人员数量和提高经济集聚程度的传导机制并不明显；③环境规制、城市规模和资源禀赋均具有调节作用，对于环保重点城市、“两控区”城市、碳交易试点城市、规模较大城市和资源丰裕程度较低的城市而言，低碳城市建设对低碳技术创新的促增作用更加显著。     

自动化新技术的进展与现状

自动化技术是多学科技术包括微电子技术、计算机技术、通信网络技术与自动控制技术的交叉。工业自动化技术不仅适用工业领域的各种控制系统，而且也适用于其他行业的应用。因此，论述工业自动化的各种高新技术具有普遍重要的意义。21世纪初期的控制系统必须是灵活的、敏捷的、基于需求的、嵌入式控制的流动制造加工系统。     

Was 19th century British growth steam-powered?: the climacteric revisited

This paper establishes that there are serious problems with the hypothesis that the Victorian climacteric was driven by the decline phase of steam as a General Purpose Technology. This is primarily because steam’s contribution to industrial output and labour productivity growth was stronger after 1870 than before and that the non-steam-intensive sectors exhibited an inverted U-shape in trend output growth through the 19th century, experiencing a marked slowdown between 1830 and the 1870s. Seeking to base an account of 19th century British growth primarily on the implications of steam is thus misconceived.     

Clean technology — Innovation and environmental regulation

The development and diffusion of clean technologies has an important role to play in preventing pollution. Government must address the issue of how firms can be given the necessary incentive to develop environmentally sound production techniques and products. This paper focus on how subsidies can — under certain restrictive conditions — stimulate innovation. Subsidization is usually assumed to involve unit subsidies for pollution reduction. Unit subsidies have little to do with the subsidy schemes in actual use. Our focus is on subsidy schemes specifically designed to promote the development of clean technologies through the use of grants/financial aid. Based on data from the development projects initiated through The Danish Clean Technology Programme we analyze how environmental innovations take place when the polluters, their suppliers and consultants are actively engaged in the development processes. The main merit of subsidy schemes like the Danish one is its direct focus on the innovation processes and the active incorporation of the network of firms surrounding the polluters. Our findings lead us to conclude that when it comes to subsidization, the role of government should be redefined. Government can act as a matchmaker by providing firms with informative incentives and necessary contacts for finding more efficient technological solutions to specific environmental problems.     

论跨国公司对华投资与我国低碳经济的发展

跨国公司对华投资促进了我国经济的增长,但同时所带来的环境污染等一系列问题对我国低碳经济的发展构成了挑战。1999-2009年间,随着跨国公司对华投资规模的不断加大,尤其是对第二产业的投资,使得我国环境污染严重,对发展低碳经济带来严重挑战。深入研究和妥善解决这些问题,对于促进新时期我国利用外资的进一步发展具有重要的意义。