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191.
Victoria Kravtsova 《International Review of Applied Economics》2014,28(1):102-125
This paper contributes to the analysis of the impact of externalities on the host country’s total factor productivity by taking into account different dimensions of spillover effects. Namely, engagement in exporting and foreign ownership is generally perceived as being beneficial to individual firms and the economy as a whole. The approach used in the current research accounts for different internal as well as external factors that individual firms face and evaluates the effect on changes in productivity, technology as well as the efficiency of domestic firms. The empirical analysis focuses on Hungary. While the country leads the group of post-socialist countries in the amount of attracted foreign direct investments (FDI) the effect of this policy on the economy remains unclear. The research finds that different externalities play a different role in productivity, technological and efficiency change in different types of firms and sectors of the economy. 相似文献
192.
We adopt contemporaneous, nonradial and variable returns to scale assumptions in a data envelopment analysis (DEA) exercise to address the inefficiency problem in Chinese industries in different policy regimes using a newly constructed data set for 24 Chinese manufacturing industries in 1952–2008. While confirming that the central planning period was indeed a ‘graveyard’ for productivity that entailed severe technical regress and efficiency losses, we do not find a steady improvement in efficiency during the reform period despite strong technical progress. We argue that the resurgent prominence of the government and the state sector since the late 1990s, especially following China’s World Trade Organization accession, has obstructed the efficiency improvement. 相似文献
193.
本文运用非参数的莫氏（Malmquist）指数法,研究了1978-2009年期间中国农业全要素生产率增长、构成的时序特征及其农业增长方式转变的绩效。结果表明,中国农业全要素生产率在1978-2009年的31年间,年均增长率为26%,农业全要素生产率的增长主要来自技术进步,中国农业仍然保持粗放型发展方式,目前主要处于低度粗放型阶段。在未来农业生产方式转变中,通过技术进步、劳动者素质和生态环境保护来提高生产要素的使用效率,实现农业发展方式的转变。 相似文献
194.
Benchmarking by means of applying the DEA model is appearing as an interesting alternative for regulators under the new regimes for electricity distributors. A sample of large electricity distribution utilities from Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden and The Netherlands for the year 1997 is studied by assuming a common production frontier for all countries. The peers supporting the benchmark frontier are from all countries. New indices describing cross-country connections at the level of individual peers and their inefficient units as well as between countries are developed, and novel applications of Malmquist productivity indices comparing units from different countries are performed. 相似文献
195.
基于广东省2017-2022年农村居民生活的相关投入产出指标,利用DEA(数据包络分析)和Malmquist指数对广东省农村居民生活水平的效率进行静态和动态测度分析,并结合Tobit模型分析数字普惠金融对提高广东省农村居民生活水平的影响因素.研究发现,综合效率、纯技术效率以及规模效应均未达到最佳水平,这意味着数字普惠金融在提高农村居民生活水平方面的潜力有待进一步挖掘,但个别城市在部分年份中达到过最优,需要加强技术和管理水平的投入,促进区域平衡.在动态方面,全要素生产率是增加的,表明数字普惠金融具有推动作用,但稳定性不足,要加强技术管理和金融规模;在影响因素方面,政府支持度的影响是正向且显著的,乡村生产水平和教育水平是负向且显著的.未来应当加强区域生产平衡和农村居民金融素养,使数字普惠金融更好地服务农村居民. 相似文献
196.
197.
文章运用三阶段Malmquist指数模型,对我国各省服务产业2003～2007年期间的相对效率及全要素生产率进行评估分析。研究结果表明:各地区服务业发展受当地环境因素影响显著,经济开放度的提高对当地服务业有显著促进作用,城乡差距的缩小也在一定程度上阻碍服务业发展;我国服务业整体投资规模有所上升,但受技术退步影响导致我国近几年服务行业全要素效率有所退步。另外,从地区差异角度分析,我国服务业整体效率降低很大程度上是由中部地区和西部地区服务业效率退步造成的。 相似文献
198.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of national parks in China. The method of Malmquist Productivity Index based on data enveloped analysis is used. The result shows that 58.33% of national parks in China improved their TFP, and their mean score reached 3.42 in 2001–2005. When the decompositions are considered, 90.28% of them decreased their efficiency and 98.59% of them increased their technology. Correlation analysis indicates that these national parks' TFP is more constrained by their efficiency change than technology change. The correlation coefficients of them with Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) reach to 0.7834 and 0.9367, respectively. Overall, the authors hold the opinion that most national parks in China increased their TFP during this period, but hindered by their inputs scale for preservation function, the efficiency of them deteriorated but the technology increased, further influencing the TFP. Finally, some methods to improve the performance of national parks for the governments and managers are discussed. 相似文献
199.
This paper analyses the productivity of 20 Italian airports management companies during the period 2006–2008 using a DEA Malmquist index that includes a quality component. The proposed methodology is applied for the first time to the airport industry. In doing so, we directly assess the impact of the quality of services delivered by an airport on its productive performance. The study shows that, while Italian airports possess an acceptable level of quality in terms of their infrastructure, their managerial/administrative procedures must be strengthened in order to better deal with both technological modernization and passenger waiting time at the airports. 相似文献
200.
本文以2003～2013年285个地级市的面板数据,考察中国交通基础设施通过人力资本流动与集聚进一步影响区域全要素生产率的内在机制。研究结果显示：（1）交通基础设施的完善对区域全要素生产率具有显著的正向作用,更加有利于大城市TFP的提升;（2）融入人力资本分层集聚及其与交通基础设施的交互作用同样促进作用显著,并且有利于大城市TFP的提升,而不利于中小城市的TFP的提升;（3）经济越发达,交通基础设施对区域全要素生产率的促进作用越明显;（4）信息化水平与交通基础设施替代作用明显,中小城市的替代作用更强。 相似文献