Experimental economics under the microscope

Although experimental economics has been one of the most rapidlyexpanding fields in economics in recent years, it has so farattracted little sustained methodological discussion. This paperis intended as a step towards filling the gap, and providespreliminary answers to the following questions. (i) What aredistinctive characteristics of the experimental method in economics?(ii) To what extent are the results obtained in the laboratorytransferable to non-laboratory situations? (iii) What are thelimits of the experimental method in economics? (iv) Why isit that experimentation, which has been so successful in thenatural sciences, remains so controversial in the social sciences.     

连续监测方法在全国碳市场应用的挑战与对策

全国碳市场启动在即,探索适合的碳排放量化方法具有重要现实意义。本文介绍了国内外连续监测方法的应用现状,比较分析了基于核算的方法与基于连续监测的方法的优缺点,剖析了在我国碳市场中应用连续监测方法面临的问题和挑战。本文建议在推广连续监测方法之前,需要选取试点设施获取实际应用经验,建立监测、报告、核查和认证等一系列配套的支撑体系,并解决与传统污染物监测设备的一致性问题以及与核算方法确定的历史排放数据的一致性问题。     

一个科学新领域--开放的复杂巨系统及其方法论

本文介绍了开放的复杂巨系统的概念及其方法论,强调了其在科技发展中的重要作用.作者认为强调简化法的精确科学不适用于开放的复杂巨系统.而唯一可行的替代方法是从定性法向定量法的超大工程学.     

理论创新视角下案例研究路径的分歧与重构

拥有并把握研究路径及其研究步骤是案例研究者从事案例研究的前提条件之一,而现有的案例研究路径在研究目的、研究类型、理论假设、资料收集与分析、研究成果5个方面存在不同观点。通过引入理论创新类型,梳理得到理论建构导向、理论检验导向、理论发展导向等3种案例研究的基本路径,并为每种路径归纳了明确研究目的、进行文献综述、明确研究问题并推测相关构念、（不）预设理论与假设、明确案例研究类型、框定案例总体并选择典型案例、资料收集与分析、形成/检验理论与假设、三角测量与效度检验、进行文献对比、得出研究成果11个步骤。研究得到的3种案例研究路径及其11个步骤可为从事人文社会科学案例研究者提供参考。     

基于综合集成方法论的产业技术路线图研究

提出产业技术路线图是一个开放的复杂巨系统,应当用综合集成方法去解释技术路线图绘制过程的共识涌现现象。阐明了产业技术路线图绘制过程就是一个复杂系统建模过程,把产业技术路线图研讨会看成综合集成研讨厅体系,因此应当运用钱学森提出的处理开放复杂巨系统的方法——从定性到定量的综合集成方法。最后建立了产业技术路线图共识系统涌现模型。     

On Retail Gasoline Pricing Websites: Potential Sample Selection Biases and Their Implications for Empirical Research

Station-specific retail gasoline prices are publicly available on websites such as GasBuddy.com, but the potential sample selection biases that might exist in these data have not previously been examined. To this end, two sets of prices were compiled for 27 stations in Guelph, Ontario, in late 2005: an unbalanced panel collected every 12 h from OntarioGasPrices.com, and a balanced panel collected eight times per day by direct observation. It appears that “Internet data” can be reliable for answering questions that require daily, company-operated, major brand station prices, but not if one needs very high frequency data or prices for certain types of independent stations.      

Reflections on critical realism in political economy

This paper studies critical realism in political economy. Thefocal points are two important tensions in critical realism.The first tension relates generally to the status and importanceof philosophy and the scope of critical realism. The secondtension relates specifically to critical realism in politicaleconomy. Firstly, two perspectives within critical realism inpolitical economy are separated: a Marxist current and a broadheterodox current. Secondly, these two perspectives within criticalrealism are contrasted and discussed on the basis of a criticalstance towards philosophical reductionism. Thirdly, it is arguedthat reconciliation between central aspects of the two perspectivesis both feasible and desirable, and finally, neo-Marxist politicaleconomy is pinpointed as a critical-constructive and developmentalmediation for critical realism in political economy.     

收入分配理论创新:缘由·方法·突破点

党的十九届四中全会审议通过的《决定》提出了"三位一体"的中国特色社会主义基本经济制度新论断,"按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存"的分配制度成为基本经济制度的重要组成部分。坚持和完善"按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存"的分配制度这个政策命题映射到经济生活实践中就转化为"分配制度如何、何以能促进逐步实现共同富裕"这个实践性命题。实践结果与政策主张之间的巨大落差使我们不得不聚焦分配理论创新这一基础性问题。贫富分化抑或两极分化的历史性、普遍性、必然性以及中国贫富差距持续拉大是分配理论创新的实践需要,从抽象到具体是收入分配理论创新的方法论,科学的逻辑起点(元范畴)是收入分配理论创新的突破口,构建与中国特色社会主义市场经济具有内在一致性的分配理论体系和制度体系是分配理论创新的终极目标。     

Implications of trust, fear, and reciprocity for modeling economic behavior

This paper reports three experiments with triadic or dyadic designs. The experiments include the moonlighting game in which first-mover actions can elicit positively or negatively reciprocal reactions from second movers. First movers can be motivated by trust in positive reciprocity or fear of negative reciprocity, in addition to unconditional other-regarding preferences. Second movers can be motivated by unconditional other-regarding preferences as well as positive or negative reciprocity. The experimental designs include control treatments that discriminate among actions with alternative motivations. Data from our three experiments and a fourth one are used to explore methodological questions, including the effects on behavioral hypothesis tests of within-subjects vs. across-subjects designs, single-blind vs. double-blind payoffs, random vs. dictator first-mover control treatments, and strategy responses vs. sequential play. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at . JEL Classification C70, C91, D63, D64     

“行动导向”教学法在旅游类课程中的应用

＂行动导向＂教学是一种教学方法,也是一种教学模式和教学理念。＂行动导向＂教学要求教师根据职业要求选择教学方法、设计教学活动、评价教学过程从而实现教育目标。＂行动导向＂教学的核心理念是注重关键能力的培养。旅游类课程中＂行动导向＂教学法的应用,有利于学生掌握和理解相关知识及技能,但在实际教学实施过程中,因受教学设备与条件的限制,存在师资企业经验和职业经历不足等问题,教学设计存在难度,建议职教师资培训要常态化,通过校企合作开发与设计课程。