创业学习互动导向对新创企业绩效的作用机制研究

随着互联网和高科技的快速发展,创业活动面临着更高程度的不确定性,企业与顾客的互动、学习愈发成为影响创业成效的关键要素。以新创企业为研究对象,整合互动导向、创业学习与不确定性等理论,利用217份样本数据验证了互动导向对新创企业绩效的促进作用、创业学习的中介作用以及感知不确定性的调节作用,阐释了互动导向转化为新创企业绩效的机理,并针对创业实践者提出行动建议。     

三明治供应链契约模型

供应链合同作为企业间衔接的关键环节,能够协调供应链从而最大化整条供应链的利润。本文从协调供应链合同研究维度和一般条款入手,简要介绍了苏宁、国美的“三明治”采购合同,对此种合同建立数学模型,用定量方法分析采用此种合同的原因,最后指出此模型的一些改进建议,希望以后能够做进一步的研究。     

气候变化认知对农户适应性耕作行为的影响——基于湖北省“十县千户”的田野调查

[目的]气候变化适应是发展"气候智慧型农业"的重要内涵,是实现国家粮食安全和可持续发展的根本途径之一。[方法]文章通过构建农户"气候变化认知—适应性行为"决策分析框架,并利用湖北省"十县百组千户"的调查数据与结构方程模型,以探究农户气候变化认知(自然环境认知、经济需求认知、自我效能认知)对其(主动型、被动型)适应性耕作行为的影响。[结果](1)农户气候变化认知水平提高能促进其采取适应性耕作行为;其中,气候变化认知水平提高促进其采取主动型适应性耕作行为的作用更大。(2)从影响路径来看,自然环境认知、自我效能认知通过影响情感态度、问题应对策略,经济需求认知通过影响情感态度,以促进农户采取适应性耕作行为。(3)多群组分析还发现,受教育程度越高、家庭农业收入占比越大、种植规模越大的农户,其气候变化认知水平越高,则越倾向于采取主动型适应性耕作行为。[结论]政府应及时发布气候变化的新闻资讯、加大气候变化知识的宣传教育力度、加强适应性耕作技术的相关培训、完善农业气象指数保险,以强化农户自然环境认知、提高经济需求认知和自我效能认知,进而引导其采取适应性耕作行为。     

Dynamic model averaging in large model spaces using dynamic Occam׳s window

Bayesian model averaging has become a widely used approach to accounting for uncertainty about the structural form of the model generating the data. When data arrive sequentially and the generating model can change over time, Dynamic Model Averaging (DMA) extends model averaging to deal with this situation. Often in macroeconomics, however, many candidate explanatory variables are available and the number of possible models becomes too large for DMA to be applied in its original form. We propose a new method for this situation which allows us to perform DMA without considering the whole model space, but using a subset of models and dynamically optimizing the choice of models at each point in time. This yields a dynamic form of Occam׳s window. We evaluate the method in the context of the problem of nowcasting GDP in the Euro area. We find that its forecasting performance compares well with that of other methods.     

科技型小微企业合作研发绩效评价实证研究:基于资源整合视角

合作研发是科技型小微企业缓解成长压力的一种有效方式,科学合理地评价其绩效,有助于准确测度合作效果,改进合作行为,促进合作可持续发展。从资源整合角度,探讨了科技型小微企业合作研发绩效的4个评价维度,即资源识别绩效、资源获取绩效、资源配置绩效、资源利用绩效。以国内195家科技型小微企业为调查对象,利用结构方程模型,建立了评价指标体系,并在此基础上对样本企业进行了整体绩效水平测评。     

Covariance versus component-based estimations of performance in green supply chain management

In this paper, we investigate the relationships between environmental management (EM) and performance to verify: whether the implementation of an effective internal environmental is a firm’s precondition to belong to a green supply chain; which type of environmental practices (either internal or external) contribute the most to increasing a firm’s performances; and whether performing the environment translates into higher economic performance. We use structural equation modeling for testing our research hypotheses on a large sample of Italian firms, and estimate the structural paths between constructs by means of both covariance- and component-based approaches. The use of both estimation methods allows us contributing to the recent debate about the specification of the “performance” construct as an emerging rather than as a latent variable, and then using formative rather than reflective indicators. Formative indicators are used whenever a construct does not exist without its measures, any change in one of the indicators causes a change in the construct, and the measures are ingredients of the construct rather than being caused by it. For instance, economic performance is an emerging construct since economic measures (e.g., profits and market share) contribute to forming the construct rather than reflecting the behavior of the latent variable. We show that the correct model specification changes the estimates of the path coefficients and leads to research findings aligned to the literature. Our results indicate that being green internally is a prerequisite for collaboration into a green supply chain, internal EM contributes to increasing performance more than external EM, while performing the environment does not lead to a higher economic performance.     

中部崛起战略影响下的山西区域经济发展路径探析

近年来中部崛起战略顺利实施,区域经济逐步向协调发展,作为中部省份的山西省,中部经济崛起战略对其经济发展的影响至关重要。探索其发展路径,一方面应当大力发展循环经济,加快调整产业结构与企业资产重组：另一方面积极参加区域的交流合作,扩大对外开放,加大引进外资,多方面同时发挥作用来实现经济社会的可持续性发展。本文通过对山西区域经济的发展现状及存在问题的阐述,探索在中部崛起战略影响下的山西区域经济的发展路径。     

西部地区创意农业竞争力实证研究

以中国西部12省为研究对象,运用主成分分析法对西部创意农业的竞争力进行排序分析,并通过建立解释结构模型(ISM)对影响西部创意产业竞争力的因素进行综合分析。研究结果表明,西部12省在创意农业的发展方面,有自己的民族特色,容易打造自身民族品牌吸引顾客;民族特性是创意农业发展的主要影响因素。     

网络结构与企业外包网络绩效研究

应用计算机仿真,探讨了影响外包网络绩效的因素。首先抽象出企业间存在的几种网络结构(链式图、星形图、完全图和环形图),建立模型并利用计算机仿真,研究了网络中节点间的距离、网络信息传播能力和行业生产成本对于整个网络外包平均利润(或利润率)、平均承接价格(或承接价格比)及交易频率的影响。