小额贷款公司经营风险及防范

近年来,小额贷款公司迅速发展,已成为金融体系的重要组成部分,成为民间资本进入金融领域的一条重要通道。但是,蜂拥而起的小额贷款公司在发展中却出现了良莠不齐。本文详细地分析了目前小额贷款公司面临的经营风险,并提出针对性的防范对策。     

A Test of Strategic Trade Policy in the Semiconductor Industry: The Impact of Japanese Policy on U.S. Firms

This paper analyzes a multinational corporation that may use tax evasion and profit shifting as a means to minimize tax liabilities. Our main finding is that profit shifting may occur even when tax rates are the same across countries. This will be the case whenever there is a tax differential in effective tax rates resulting from differences in tax enforcement. In this context, profit shifting occurs to enable tax evasion in a country where tax enforcement is less harsh. Moreover, for a given differential in tax rates, differences in tax enforcement may either accentuate or dampen profit shifting. Importantly, the predictions regarding the direction of profit shifting that would result in our set-up may contrast sharply with those of the preceding literature.     

Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions

Over the past 50 years, cooperative forms of governance such as equity joint ventures and other strategic alliances have received tremendous attention in international business and management research. This article traces the history of this research over these past five decades with particular emphasis on the critical role that (Columbia) Journal of World Business has played in disseminating scholarly and managerial expertise on the successful management of cross-border, inter-firm collaboration. We highlight the evolution of interest in different contexts, phenomena, theories, and methodologies, along with the factors that have driven interest in these topics. Several suggestions for future research are also provided.     

Foreign Plants and Industry Productivity: Evidence from Chile

This paper presents new evidence on foreign plants and their effects on a host industry. I test the predictions of a Melitz‐type model using a panel of domestic and foreign plants in the Chilean manufacturing sector. Foreign ownership is a strong predictor of plant productivity and size advantages. Moreover, productivity gains for a domestic incumbent are positively associated with foreign plants' presence in the same industry and region. I also find a positive correlation between foreign entry and exit of less productive domestic plants, but inconclusive evidence on the effects on productivity of new domestic plants.     

Control and co-ordination of Japanese subsidiaries in China: problems of an expatriate-based management system

This paper analyses the international management control (IMC) system that Japanese multinational companies (MNCs) employ to co-ordinate the activities of their subsidiaries in China. It focuses on the role of Japanese expatriates in this IMC system and assesses their performance. In the process, it offers a comprehensive evaluation of the organizational fit of the Japanese IMC model within the current Chinese business environment. Taking Japanese firms as the subject, the analysis identifies areas of incongruity and explains the underlying reasons for problems with expatriate-focused IMC models. In doing so, this paper argues that the Japanese expatriate-based control system in China (as in many other parts of the world) continues to be characterized by an insider-outsider mentality that prevents a real internationalization of overseas operations in the 'transnational' sense.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.     

国企公司制改革与创新

公司制的核心是公司法人治理结构，而公司法人治理结构的核心是权力制衡。我们对国有企业进行公司制改革，不能简单地模拟公司法人治理结构，而应讲究权力制衡效果。目前国有企业的问题是：国有股权未能真正落实，经营者的聘任和解聘存在偏差，还存在着“职工一方面作为主人，但另一方面并不是企业所有者”的理论矛盾。笔者认为，应将国有股权落实在职工身上，当然职工的国有股权是一种特殊股权，政府对国有股权的决策有建议权和否决权；经营才者的选择，由职工代表国有股权行使决策权；经营者有权聘任和解聘职工；职工有权参与企业税后利润分配。     

东亚“雁阵模式”式微原因新析及启示

经济全球化时代,维系“雁阵模式”运行的宏观背景条件正在丧失,“雁阵模式”开始走向终结。日本经济的“制度疲劳”、“四小龙”的兴起、中国的崛起以及亚洲金融危机只是“雁阵模式”式微的表层原因,其真正原因是经济全球化及其机制的作用:即全球信息化、世界经济一体化、跨国公司的发展、知识经济在世界范围的兴起,成为“雁阵模式”终结的力量。“雁阵模式”的终结对于中国产业结构调整与优化,具有重要启示作用。     

Transnational corporations' strategies and foreign trade patterns in MERCOSUR countries in the 1990s

Market-seeking strategies predominate in the recent FDI boomin MERCOSUR countries. In the trade performance of transnationalcorporation affiliates a sort of ‘asymmetric integration’is clearly visible: they produce for the internal market and,to some extent, for the regional one, while import inputs andfinal goods from developed countries (and a significant partof these trade flows is intra-firm). Thus, even if affiliatesobtained productivity gains in the 1990s, they have not yetbeen reflected in a significant increase in exports, and evenless in extra-regional exports. Hence, the foreign direct investmentboom seemingly has not yet contributed to a better insertionof MERCOSUR countries into the world economy.     

澳大利亚税源管理及对我国的启示

随着经济全球化步伐的不断加快,来华跨国公司的数量和规模也随之扩大。如何对跨国公司进行有效的税源管理,成为我国税务部门日益关注的问题。澳大利亚税源管理体系十分严密、高效,其对跨国公司税源管理的经验对我国加强税源管理工作具有借鉴意义,主要表现在以下方面:重视信息化手段在税源管理中的应用;加强税务部门与其他政府部门的合作,广泛收集税源信息;按企业规模分类实行税源监控;充分发挥中介机构在税源管理中的作用。