The Effects of Public Ownership and Regulatory Independence on Regulatory Outcomes

We examine the effects of public ownership and regulatory agency independence on regulatory outcomes in EU telecommunications. Specifically, we study regulated interconnect rates paid by entrants to incumbents. We find that public ownership of the incumbent positively affects these interconnect rates, and suggest that governments influence regulatory outcomes in favor of incumbents in which they are substantially invested. However, we also find that the presence of institutional features enhancing regulatory independence from the government mitigates this effect. In order to study regulatory independence, we introduce a new cross-country time-series database—the European Union Regulatory Institutions (EURI) Database. This database describes the development of institutions bearing on regulatory independence and quality in telecommunications in the 15 founding EU member states from 1997 to 2003 *We thank Laurent Pipitone for superb research assistance. Geoff Edwards thanks the Sasakawa Foundation and the Institute of Management, Innovation and Organization at the Haas School of Business for generous financial assistance, and London Business School for non-financial support. Leonard Waverman thanks the Global Communications Consortium for support     

国家重点科技资源支撑区域创新经济产出的空间差异研究

根据2011-2014年科技部《国家重点科技基础条件资源调查表》以及国家统计年鉴数据,首先,使用赫芬达尔指数定量描述了利用国家重点科技资源进行创新活动的非均衡性。其次,使用网络DEA方法,实证分析了2012-2014年中国(内地)各省份国家重点科技资源对区域创新发展的支撑作用。研究表明,国家重点科技资源对区域创新发展的支撑作用不仅取决于资源创新生产阶段,而且受制于重点科技资源支持下的区域创新发展阶段。重点科技资源的支撑作用还有较大提升空间,70%的省份创新成果转化能力有待提高,且大部分省份的国家重点科技资源未实现优化配置。此外,全国及东部、中部和西部国家重点科技资源对区域创新发展的支撑效率不存在绝对收敛趋势。     

CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS AND THE DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND THE MARKET: AN EXAMINATION OF NHS FOUNDATION TRUST CLASSIFICATION IN THE UK

ABSTRACT: In this paper we argue that national accounting categories provide an inadequate basis for evaluating differences between public and private sector services. This is because accounting categories rely on economic concepts such as market price but do not take account of substantive public policy goals such as universality. The argument has important consequences for the structures and systems of delivery especially where nonprofit providers and social enterprise models are substituted for public bodies formerly integrated into the government's delivery system. Using an example taken from the UK's National Health Service, we show that the mechanisms for ensuring universality through redistribution are not sufficiently taken into account for classification purposes.     

东湖国家自主创新示范区“杠杆工程”建设研究

在分析东湖高新区自有的优势和问题、面临的机遇与挑战的基础上,依据"四三结构"模型细分了东湖国家自主创新示范区的定位与目标;运用"四三结构"模型的要素协同机理提出了东湖国家自主创新示范区建设的杠杆工程——重大专项工程、中小企业成长工程、"两化"融合工程;最后探讨了使"杠杆工程"付诸实施的关键措施。     

三大技术创新主体科技成果与经济增长关系研究

在探讨技术创新主体构成、主体不同研究性质及对应经济效益的基础上,对产学研合作背景下的三大技术创新主体与经济增长关系进行了梳理。基于中国1986-2011年的时间序列数据,采用VAR模型,综合运用格兰杰因果检验、脉冲响应函数和方差分解,对中国不同技术创新主体的科技成果与经济增长进行了动态分析。研究表明,企业科技成果对经济发展成效较好,其次是高校,而科研机构科技成果对经济增长的促进作用比企业和高校小得多。结合中国不同技术创新主体的科技成果产出效应进行实证分析,为不同技术创新主体协同实现科技成果对经济增长的正向影响提出了对策建议。     

国家科技奖励与研究型大学建设

通过分析国家科技奖励的发展趋向,阐述了国家科技奖励对研究型大学的重要影响,进而提出了适应国家科技奖励制度、促进研究型大学发展的一些观点。     

Wealth and sustainable development: the role of David Pearce

Green net national product was thought to be one way of measuring sustainable income. However, David Pearce understood that a better measure of sustainable development was to look at what a generation is leaving in form of capital assets to later generations. In this article, his arguments and insights are highlighted against recent theoretical advances.     

国防科技工业协同创新人才培养模式研究

随着军民融合深度发展的不断推进,国防科技工业协同创新成为国防科技军民融合发展的必然趋势。构建适应国防科技工业协同创新的人才培养模式,既是先进国防科技工业建设的重点任务,也是推进国防科技工业协同创新的重要保证。当前,我国国防科技工业人才培养在教育教学体系、学科专业体系、产学研用对接机制和资源共享机制等方面还存在很多问题。必须把培养一大批国防科技创新人才摆在国防科技工业发展的战略位置,构建以国防科工教育教学体系、国防特色学科体系和协同创新科研支撑体系为基础的创新人才培养体系,完善顶层设计、激励机制、评估体系及配套措施,全面提升人才培养质量效益,为推动国防科技工业创新发展提供持续的人才支撑。     

赵靖的中国经济思想史研究历程及学术贡献

赵靖先生是中国经济思想史学科的主要开拓者和奠基人.在半个多世纪的研究生涯中,他拓展了中国经济思想史的研究内容,提出了中国经济思想史特有的研究模式,构建了科学的学科研究体系.赵靖先生的中国经济思想史研究之路是20世纪后半期中国经济思想史学科发展的缩影.     

生态工业园建设在日本的实践及其启示

本文主要是考察了日本两个生态工业园即荏原生态工业园和小久保生态工业园的建设。这两个生态工业园的建设各有特点。通过对这两个工业园的考察，得出如下结论：（1）企业自发的参与对生态工业园的建设起着重要作用；（2）政府应建立相关制度促进生态工业园的建立；（3）建立生态工业园，合作是必不可少的要素；（4）生态工程技术是生态工业园成功的关键。