农产品绿色技术壁垒形成的政治经济学原因探究

近年来，绿色技术壁垒问题正越来越引起人们的关注。一些发达国家以保护生态环境、保护人类、动植物生命和健康为由制定复杂苛刻的环境保护措施，对国际贸易造成了不必要的障碍。因为大部分农产品和食品的出口限制主要以保护环境和人类健康为由，如检测出进口农产品有毒成分残留超标，含有已禁用的农药和化学药品等，所以农产品贸易受绿色技术壁垒的影响更为严重。本文尝试从政治经济学的角度深刻分析农产品遭遇绿色技术壁垒的原因。     

Trade credit in SMEs: a quantile regression approach

This article analyses the determinants of the trade credit in Spanish manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from a new perspective. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between trade credit and other relevance financial resources: bank credit and self-financing. For the first time in the literature, a quantile regression approach is used, which takes into account the heterogeneity of firms in different quantiles of trade credit distribution. Our results show that the relationship between trade credit and other financial sources presents dissimilarities, including differences in sign, on SMEs with different degrees of trade credit. Our findings help to clarify the confusing results achieved in previous research on this topic.     

How did wars dampen trade in the MENA region?

The article investigates the impact of wars on trade in the Middle East and North African region. Using an augmented gravity model that controls for the endogeneity problem in our estimation, we introduce a war variable and distinguish between different types of conflicts. The results show that wars have a significantly negative impact on exports, imports and trade. Civil conflicts hinder exports, imports and trade significantly. The disaggregated version of the gravity model shows that non-state conflicts have a detrimental effect on bilateral trade flows in manufacturing, and that none of the conflicts do affect trade in services. We also find that, on average, a conflict is equivalent to a tariff of 5% of the value of trade.     

技术价值链运作模式研究

技术价值链是由一系列相互独立的技术环节,按照其内在影响关系联接而成的链状有序系统,主要由技术生成、技术确权、技术交易与技术运营活动组成。技术价值链运作模式包括3种：商品式技术运作、资产式技术运作和资本式技术运作。其运作成本风险及收益能力差异较大,企业应结合自身资源与能力灵活选取。     

Political stability and trade agreements: Evidence for ‘endgame FTAs’

This paper empirically examines the idea that Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are more likely to be signed by governments playing ‘endgames’; that is, when governments are about to lose power. Two empirical strategies shed light on this hypothesis. One relies on events that increase the probability of political turnover, the other on term limits. I find that countries are more likely to sign FTAs after the unexpected exit of their leaders, when political instability is high. The key finding is partly confirmed in the term-limits strategy as governments are found to form more FTAs during their last term in office.     

Leisure time, savings and trade patterns A two-country growth model

This paper proposes a simple two-country endogenous growth model with endogenous consumption, leisure time and wealth accumulation. The model examines possible causes for the world economic growth and the existence and persistence of trade patterns between countries with different preferceces and human capital under internationally free capital mobility. We show how differences in preferences in consumption, leisure time and wealth between the two countries may affect long-run world economic growth.     

企业策划方案的知识产权保护

企业策划方案作为策划人的智慧成果应当享有知识产权，但是，由于策划方案的特殊性，其保护因于法无据而陷于法律真空之中。运用现行的著作权法或商业秘密法进行保护虽可行。但保护不力。企业策划方案应当定位为商务性技术方案，通过对专有技术的主体范围作扩大解释，运用商业秘密法进行保护，这将使企业策划方案得到充分、有效的知识产权保护。     

《国际贸易实务》教学之"七用"谈

我国加入WTO后，对高校的国际贸易实务教学提出了更高要求，文章以七个方面总结了教学工作中的若干经验。     

中韩贸易模式的变迁：从互补到竞争

对中韩贸易的大部分研究集中于双方的互补性，回避竞争。本文从双方进出口商品结构、在主要出口市场及在对方国内市场三个方面论述中韩贸易竞争的表现，然后从中国竞争力迅速提高、中韩出口结构趋同、未来科技发展重合、出口市场高度重叠等方面分析其中的原因，特别指出深层原因是发展模式相同，产业结构相似。最后提出建议：韩国首先要改变防范中国的心理，以合作代替对抗；在政府层面、产业层面和企业层面加强合作，并指出了优先的合作领域：石油开发、铁矿石采购、高新技术开发等。     

International trade agreements, environmental policy, and relocation of production

This paper studies the influence of free trade agreements on national environmental policies and location strategies of polluting firms. It is shown that banning export subsidies makes relocation of production more attractive for firms. When export subsidies are banned relocation is profitable because: (1) the rival firm reduces output due to more stringent emission regulation in the host country of the investment and (2) relocation leads to lower emission tax rate in the original home country of the investing firm. When export subsidies are used, the first effect is absent because the host government is able to use the export subsidy to compensate the negative effect of more stringent emission taxation on domestic shareholders.