征信体系对中小企业融资的影响分析

本文研究银行信贷管理中对中小企业信用信息的需求,重点是基层银行了解中小企业最可依赖的信息来源和信息类型等方面;分析征信系统在降低银企交易成本、增加中小企业融资机会和形成信用约束机制中的影响;就进一步完善征信系统,促进中小企业融资提出政策建议.     

阳泉站车号识别智能管理系统构建研究

随着铁路信息化建设的不断深入,货运票据电子化的实施,充分利用现有的车号识别系统与现车系统、确报系统大数据融合,实现铁路车号作业的智能化。在阐述阳泉站车号作业流程现状及存在问题的基础上,构建阳泉站车号识别智能管理系统,探讨阳泉站车号识别智能管理系统工作流程及效果,从更新车号排序、去除相同数据记录、匹配空标签信息和及时匹配车号信息入手,加强阳泉站车号识别智能管理系统优化,为实现铁路车站车号识别智能化提供借鉴。     

Opportunities for disruption

In view of the importance of Disruptive Innovations (DIs) in both emerging and advanced economies, a better understanding of how to cultivate opportunities for DIs is called for. We provide case study exemplars that illustrate how entrepreneurs have deliberately undertaken DIs for customers of low-end and new markets. Our findings show how the entrepreneurial opportunities embedded in these DIs are purposefully discovered and created. By extending research on the generation of entrepreneurial opportunities into the arena of disruptive innovations, the paper aims to contribute to understanding of both DI and the nature of opportunity generation and to provide a basis for guidance to practitioners.     

基于模态识别的高速铁路列车票额预分优化研究

票额预分是高速铁路列车票额现代化管理的重要技术手段,为客运组织实现挖潜提效、精细化管理起到关键作用,但长期存在过度裂解或过度保护的问题,导致高速铁路列车区段运输能力存在虚糜现象。通过分析高速铁路列车票额预分现状,从接续预分、模态内聚预分和复合模态预分顺序优化等方面,构建基于客流模态识别的高速铁路列车票额预分优化模型,以北京西—成都东的G571次高速铁路列车票额预分为例,研究结果表明基于模态识别的高速铁路列车票额预分能够更好地实现存量票额在始发站和沿途站的科学预分,有效提升高速铁路列车客座率和收入水平。     

创业者调节焦点、组织间信任与新企业资源识取——有调节的中介效应

对面临着资源约束的新企业而言,如何从供应链上下游识别并获取所需资源在一定程度上决定了新企业的生存与发展。大多数研究强调了创业者调节焦点在影响新企业战略决策与行为的重要作用,然而现有文献在深入揭示创业者调节焦点对新企业资源识取的作用机理方面仍较为薄弱。针对这一问题,该研究以213家一汽—大众供应链上的新企业为研究对象,整合注意力基础观、调节焦点理论,考察了创业者调节焦点与新企业资源识取之间的逻辑关系,并探讨了善意信任和能力信任的中介作用以及权力不对称的调节作用。结果表明：（1）创业者促进焦点与预防焦点均会对能力信任产生正向影响,两者之间的差异并不显著;与能力信任相比,促进焦点对善意信任正向作用更强;预防焦点不对善意信任有显著的影响。（2）善意信任、能力信任对促进焦点与新企业资源识取的关系起到中介作用,能力信任对创业者预防焦点与新企业资源识取的关系起到中介作用。（3）权力不对称负向调节了创业者预防焦点与资源识取之间的间接关系。     

Cow‐Calf Producer Preferences for Voluntary Traceability Systems

This article identifies preferences of US cow‐calf producers for voluntary traceability systems to better identify the potential success of alternative voluntary traceability systems. Results suggest that notable heterogeneity exists between cow‐calf producers in their preferences and the welfare effects of mandating traceability adoption. Producers are sensitive to price, managing entity and information requirements. We provide forecasts of voluntary participation rates under different price premium and discount scenarios that producers may face. This analysis has policy implications as success of voluntary traceability systems hinges critically upon cow‐calf producer preferences.     

沿海大开发:女性的机遇与挑战

沿海开发为广大的沿海女性提供了千载难逢的发展机遇和展示舞台,但是转型时期的严峻形势又与长期以来女性"主内"的思维定势以及由此而致的低层次处境发生严重对立和冲突,因此机遇实即挑战,时不我待。全社会尤其是女性本身,急需转变观念,尽快提升自身的核心竞争力,以应对挑战,否则,机遇转瞬即逝。     

蒲黄及其伪品的鉴别

目的列出蒲黄及其伪品的区别,为中药鉴定工作者提供鉴别蒲黄的依据。方法用水试、显微鉴别和理化鉴别的方法将蒲黄及其伪品进行比较。结果伪品＂蒲黄＂从性状、显微及一般理化性质与正品均不相同,薄层色谱的斑点与正品蒲黄的斑点位置,颜色均有很大差异。结论蒲黄与其伪品有非常巨大的差别,通过水试、显微鉴别或理化鉴别的方法都能轻易地鉴别出来。     

金融业反洗钱客户身份识别制度的主要原则与关键环节

客户身份识别是反洗钱的一项核心工作。金融业反洗钱客户身份识别制度的主要原则:一是确认、验证客户及其受益人,了解客户交易的目的和性质原则;二是风险为本原则;三是报告可疑交易原则。在执行反洗钱客户身份识别制度的过程中,金融机构要落实好上述主要原则,就必须高度重视接受客户、持续识别客户和重点审查高风险客户三个关键环节。     

The role of house prices in the monetary policy transmission mechanism in small open economies

We analyse the role of house prices in the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Norway, Sweden and the UK, using structural VARs. A solution is proposed to the endogeneity problem of identifying shocks to interest rates and house prices by using a combination of short-run and long-run (neutrality) restrictions. By allowing the interest rate and house prices to react simultaneously to news, we find the role of house prices in the monetary transmission mechanism to increase considerably. In particular, house prices react immediately and strongly to a monetary policy shock. Furthermore, the fall in house prices enhances the negative response in output and consumer price inflation that has traditionally been found in the conventional literature. Moreover, we find that the interest rate responds systematically to a change in house prices. However, the strength and timing of response varies between the countries, suggesting that housing may play a different role in the monetary policy setting.