The labor market effects of the China Syndrome: Evidence from South Korean manufacturing

We evaluate the direct impact of China trade shock on the Korean labour market following the approach of Acemoglu, Autor, Dorn, Hanson, and Price (Journal of Labor Economics, 2016, 34, S1). Using firm- and industry-level data for the period 1993–2013, our direct estimates imply that the net employment effect of the China shock in the manufacturing sector is the creation of 0.52 million jobs. The positive impact is mostly driven by China's rising demand for intermediate inputs and capital goods from Korea to support its export expansion to the global economy. The import-competition channel plays a negligible role in manufacturing employment because it creates temporary jobs that merely compensate for the loss in permanent jobs. By contrast, over the same period, the average wage declined by 2.4%, and income inequality, measured as the gap between the high- and low-income quantile, grew substantially in manufacturing. In addition, we find that the direct effect of China shock lowers labour market concentration by shifting workers from big firms to small- and medium-sized firms.     

Reassessing the foreign ownership wage premium in Germany

This paper evaluates the effect of foreign takeover on wages of workers in German establishments, using rich linked employer–employee data from 2003 to 2014. To identify a causal effect of foreign takeover, we combine propensity-score matching with a difference-in-difference estimator. We find that a takeover by a foreign investor leads to a wage premium of 4.0 log points in the year after ownership change, which further increases to 6.3 log points 3 years after acquisition. The wage premium is largest for high-skilled workers, which is consistent with three theoretical arguments, namely rent appropriation by managers, technology protection and training on new technology. We also show that the wage premium does not pick up an exporter effect due to a platform investment of the foreign owner, that it takes about 4 years before it fully develops, that it does not vanish after foreign divestment and that the wage increase is specific to foreign acquisition instead of ownership change per se.     

基于处理器访存缺失率的节能软件设计与实现

近年来,世界的能源危机越来越严重,节能减排是当下世界关注的焦点。计算机系统作为当今社会广泛使用的技术,也针对能源危机提出了绿色计算以及效能计算的研究方向。随着处理器处理能力的逐步提高,计算机的功耗也飞速增大。这加剧了计算机系统部署的难度,增加了运行与维护成本。因此为了降低计算机系统的部署、管理以及维护成本,同时提高部署密度,对计算机进行节能调节是当前需要解决的关键问题。本文针对应用程序运行过程中内存访问的频率,提出以缓存访问缺失率为节能调节的依据的节能系统软件Cache-Ondemand,使计算机系统在任务负载100%时,仍可以进行节能调节,增大节能空间。通过在实际平台的实现与对比实验,结果表明,Cache-Ondemand系统在保证7%性能损失的前提下,达到了28%的节能效果,具有理论与实际应用价值。     

Interest rate pass-through and monetary policy asymmetry: A journey into the Caucasian black box

This paper analyses the interest rate pass-through for five economies of the Caucasus – Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Russia. Employing an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) specification to monthly data, we find that the interest rate pass-through is systematically incomplete and sluggish, probably due to macroeconomic instability and a low degree of competition in the banking sector. It is not clear whether pass-through has improved over time and asymmetric adjustment is found to characterize the pass-through only occasionally. Overall, our results show a considerable degree of cross-country heterogeneity in the pass-through.     

The “Forgotten Lands”: An Institutional Analysis of Post-Soviet Transitions

This article provides an institutional critique of the analysis of the post-Soviet transition. It seeks to demonstrate that (i) an absence of a thorough institutional analysis, (ii) unrealistic marketization programs, (iii) conflicting ideological perceptions for the role of the state, and (iv) persistent systemic problems of state planning have constituted significant constraints to the transition away from the Soviet style planned organization of production and distribution. Preservation of the Soviet mode of production, in turn, inevitably led to a fundamentally flawed policy approach and guided the former Soviet bloc toward an unproductive and damaging path-dependence. This path-dependence contributed to retarding the process of cumulative causation and capped the influx to the joint stock of knowledge, both of which remain crucial for progressive institutional adjustment.     

扩大内需与我国流通结构调整的基本思路

从内外部条件变化来看,扩大内需、促进消费将成为我国促进经济增长的长期战略方针和根本着力点。作为生产通往消费的重要桥梁和纽带,商品流通在扩大内需中具有重要作用。流通业的发展水平和结构,直接影响着消费的实现。我国流通业发展不畅,导致其在扩大内需中的作用没有得到应有的发挥。而要有效地发挥流通业的应有作用,可以通过流通结构的调整,构建现代化、高效率、低成本的商品流通体系,从而形成流通发展与消费增长的良性机制。     

当前国际形势与中国外交的调整

中国跟美国之间的结构性矛盾,决定了我们今天最大的政治环境。中关的结构性矛盾使我们难以改变我们在政治上受到美国的遏制。与此同时,随着我们国家经济实力的发展,经过这场金融危机,别人沉下去,我们显起来。用现在的说法叫作中国的国际地位“被提升。”“被提升”的一个结果是导致中国威胁论重新上升和中国责任论开始出现。国际环境对我们的崛起越来越不利,大家要求中国承担更多的国际责任,这一点我们还没有思想准备,不准备承担,而我们一旦不承担,不是和发达国家发生冲突,就是和发展中国家发生冲突,于是我们在国际上将处于孤立状态。所以我们可以理解,中国想要崛起,希望民族复兴,想塑造一个有利于我们的环境,就不是过去说的要融入国际社会、适应国际社会,而是要塑造国际社会,让它从不接受你到最终接受你,并且最后欢迎你。     

环境与电力经济拉动模式的研究

在全球的金融风暴与经济危机背景下,环境与气候的世界性问题,我国电力产业需要考虑环境与电力经济拉动的匹配。通过分析电力产业结构依存的能源战略框架影响因素,寻求电力产业结构调整与拉动经济的联动模式,在生态经济模式、循环经济发展模式、节能减排经济模式、新能源经济模式、清洁发展机制（CDM）模式等应用方面,需要加快电力产业结构调整和优化,培育出新的经济增长点,应对和破解经济危机,拉动我国经济增长。     

内蒙古牧区人口布局调整对当地牧民生活及草原畜牧业发展的影响分析

内蒙古牧区生态移民,以及由中小学布局调整导致的牧民子女进城读书和就此引起的“陪读”迁移,已经或正在对牧区居民（牧民）家庭经济、家庭结构、婚姻关系、文化传承等日常生活和他们所从事的草原畜牧业发展产生严重影响。为此必须构建草原生态保护与建设的长效机制、提倡牧民自主迁移、优化牧区区域规划和产业布局、建立牧民子女就学转移的鼓励机制、为牧民顺利渡过调整过渡期提供保障、发挥畜牧业内部潜力,促进牧民就地转移、建立牧区人口准入制度,减轻牧区人口压力。     

金融危机背景下鞍钢产品策略现状与对策

从鞍钢集团的产品策略角度出发,结合金融危机背景条件,对鞍钢的应对策略和产品线调整状况作出分析,在此基础上总结鞍钢在金融危机中成功应对的经验,并分析未来产品策略。