试论提升国际核心竞争力要求的金融产品专利战略

在经济全球化和金融自由化趋势中，金融业的竞争迅速扩展到知识产权领域，金融机构在知识经济时代必须善用专利战略。应在分析国内外银行专利现状及竞争力的基础上，深入探讨国内金融产品专利战略及其实施。     

中国高新技术专利引进与创新的分析

本文通过对国内外居民高新技术专利申请与授予数据分析 ,探索高新技术领域中外居民专利申请与授权构成动态。同时 ,通过对我国市场、进口与中外专利申请之间关系的计量分析 ,揭示高新技术专利保护的有效性、专利申请的行为和行业技术特征 ,反映国际间技术创新与技术引进的动态关系 ,讨论外来知识与自主创新之间的可能联系。     

合伙疑难问题探析--以合伙债务的承担为视角

清偿合伙债务与合伙个人债务的先后顺序、法人之间的合伙、隐名合伙是合伙的三个疑难问题，而舍伙债务的承担则是合伙制度的核心。在清偿合伙债务与合伙个人债务的先后顺序问题的处理上，有并存债权原则和双重优先权原则两种方式，我国的司法解释采用的是双重优先权原则；关于法人之间是否可以存在合伙关系，有禁止主义和许可主义两种不同的主张，我国应从法律上鼓励、扶持法人舍伙；隐名合伙在我国也有其存在的合理性和现实性，应当尽早在立法中明确承认和规范隐名合伙。     

知识产权保护的价值有多大？——来自中国上市公司专利数据的经验证据

本文从立法制规保护、司法保护、行政保护三个维度构造省级层面的知识产权保护指标并与上市公司专利数据匹配,使用Griliches (1981)“知识资本”价值评估模型定量测算了知识产权保护的价值。研究发现:1.专利的平均价值约为685万元/件,且发明的价值明显高于实用新型与外观设计;2.省区知识产权保护强度每提升1%将使上市公司发明、实用新型、外观设计的价值分别提升128、10、15万元,使用地方知识产权局领导的教育信息作为工具变量解决潜在的内生性问题,结论稳健成立;3.分维度看,司法保护的价值最大,立法制规保护次之,行政保护尚不明确;4.非国有企业与高科技行业企业的专利价值对知识产权保护更为敏感。本文启示,在中国经济发展的攻坚期和深水区,加强知识产权“有法必依”的司法保护、整合司法与行政“双轨制”保护,有助于激励企业研发创新。     

Strategic sourcing and corporate social responsibility: Aligning a healthcare organization's strategic objectives

Strategic sourcing has long been utilized by organizations to maximize budget efficiency. The process includes a spend analysis, which historically has been performed by identifying the commodities and services purchased that resulted in the greatest spend, and establishing contracts with suppliers for these items in an effort to decrease the overall price through quantity discounts. This process restricts the data used in the spend analysis process to basic transactional information, and has not considered corporate social responsibility objectives as part of the strategic sourcing process. This paper modifies an existing spend analysis process framework, and applies the framework in a case study that uses additional data points to identify opportunities that allow an organization to simultaneously achieve both strategic purchasing and social responsibility objectives. The case study uses healthcare purchasing data from eight Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers. The goal of the model generated using regression analysis in the case study is to determine the buy characteristics that are most likely to generate mandated savings within the medical centers, in conjunction with achieving sustainability goals. The extensions of the regression model were examined to determine how collaborative buyer/supplier relationships can achieve organizational strategic objectives.     

Does innovation-orientation lead to retail industry growth? Empirical evidence from patent analysis

Competitiveness and complexity in the retail industry are increasing due to rapid technological changes and diffusion. Patent analysis is largely used in innovation studies to assess and monitor technological changes in different sectors. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive view of the innovative forces affecting the retailing sector, by focusing on the evaluation of innovation levels through the classification and analysis of patented innovations. The findings show that retailers might shift to more innovation-oriented strategies in order to propose innovative consumer solutions, due to the support of the technology advancements highlighted by the strong patent track record. Our study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of critical areas for innovation in retailing and by offering bibliometric and patent analytical methods measures relative to the innovative forces affecting retailing, which might push the sector to be increasingly an innovation-oriented one. Finally, the high level of property rights (defined by the huge amount of patents) pushes retailers to invest more on acquiring patented technologies to achieve advantages over competitors or to adopt novel management practices as substitutes for patents.     

Exploring business students' creative problem-solving preferences

Past research has established the importance of problem solving to business success. The authors explored the creative problem-solving (CPS) preferences of business students, addressing two primary issues: (a) Do CPS preferences vary across CPS stages and tasks? And (b) Do CPS preferences regarding collaboration and delegation vary by stage? Findings suggest business students' CPS preferences do vary across CPS stages and tasks. Further, results show business students' preferences for CPS collaboration and delegating do vary by stage. The implications for businesses and educators attempting to improve attitudes toward creativity are discussed.     

Innovating across boundaries: A portfolio perspective on innovation partnerships of multinational corporations

This paper examines how and under what conditions alliance portfolio diversity influences a firm's innovative performance, with special attention being given to potential performance differences between multinational corporations (MNCs) and domestic firms. Analyses of data from 1045 German firms, among which 598 MNCs, revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between alliance portfolio diversity and MNCs’ innovative performance. Findings also indicate MNCs to be better positioned than their domestic counterparts with regards to translating alliance portfolio diversity into superior innovative performance. Importantly though, this only holds for MNCs equipped with strong internal R&D capabilities and, to some extent, high human capital.     

累积性创新、知识产权保护策略与最优政策

建立了一个两阶段研发（R&D）竞赛模型,分析在累积性创新市场上厂商选择不同知识产权保护策略对其创新决策及最优政策的影响。研究表明：当商业秘密能够作为创新的有效保护机制时,政府应该对初始创新实行宽专利保护政策,以刺激创新信息的披露;如果此时专利政策仍不能奏效,那么政府就应该实行宽松的反垄断政策,允许初始创新者和后续创新者达成同盟协议。     

基于网络信任惯例的众创团队簇协作能力互信机制研究

基于众创团队簇多阶段信任关联中存在的主体地位差异性、信任情景不确定等问题,以网络信任惯例为切入点,系统提出了团队簇协作能力互信机制分析框架。以网络信任惯例研究的复杂节点信任行为、循环交互信任模式和拓展演化信任路径为分析维度,从多团队协作互信存在的多主体、多阶段、动态性信任情景出发,总结了协作能力互信机制的概念,并梳理出机制研究关注的多元信任对象、动态信任基础以及信任机制的长效稳定性导向。借助和谐主题辨析的EOL模型,归纳出多团队协作创新在初创期、发展期和转型期面临的知识位势、角色互惠以及能力跃迁要求下的协作能力互信主题,构建了包括面向初创期认知信任、发展期结构信任以及转型期情感信任在内的互信机制,拓展了网络惯例内涵的应用范围,解构了团队簇协作能力互信的概念特征和问题导向,基于和谐主题辨析方法,丰富了协作信任效应的研究思路,对建立完善复杂动态竞争环境中的多团队间创新信任协作机制具有一定参考价值。