基于波特模型的农村贫困人口分析

以波特模型理论为基础,对造成农村贫困人口贫困的特征和原因分析发现:农村贫困人口内部竞争激烈、来自替代品的竞争压力不断加大、新进入者成为现实威胁、购买者的谈判能力弱、供给者的供应贫乏、贫困人口生产或服务的能力严重不足。农村扶贫工作应着重于提高农村人力资本生产、服务能力和政府供给能力,才能提高贫困人口的竞争力,使其在竞争中生存和发展,并最终从根本上使农村贫困人口脱贫。     

Efficient Market Hypothesis and State-owned Shares＇ Circulation at Market Price

It is generally considered that the reason why the state-owned shares failed in circulation is that state-owned shares and the Negotiable Shares are in two separated markets. However this paper argues that the real reason why state-owned shares failed in circulation at market price and Negotiable Shares＇ price has been overstated is that Chinese stock market does not accord with Efficient Market Hypothesis, moreover Chinese investors are short of the concept COC and Chinese capital market has no short sells system.     

An approach to fuzzy hypothesis testing

In this paper an approach is presented how to test fuzzily formulated hypotheses with crisp data. The quantitiesα andβ, the probabilities of the errors of type I and of type II, are suitably generalized and the concept of a best test is introduced. Within the framework of a one-parameter exponential distribution family the search for a best test is considerably reduced. Furthermore, it is shown under very weak conditions thatα andβ can simultaneously be diminished by increasing the sample size even in the case of testingH ₀ against the omnibus alternativeH ₁: notH ₀, a result completely different from the case of crisp setsH ₀ andH ₁: notH ₀.     

Nonparametric Varying-Coefficient Models for the Analysis of Longitudinal Data

Longitudinal methods have been widely used in biomedicine and epidemiology to study the patterns of time-varying variables, such as disease progression or trends of health status. Data sets of longitudinal studies usually involve repeatedly measured outcomes and covariates on a set of randomly chosen subjects over time. An important goal of statistical analyses is to evaluate the effects of the covariates, which may or may not depend on time, on the outcomes of interest. Because fully parametric models may be subject to model misspecification and completely unstructured nonparametric models may suffer from the drawbacks of "curse of dimensionality", the varying-coefficient models are a class of structural nonparametric models which are particularly useful in longitudinal analyses. In this article, we present several important nonparametric estimation and inference methods for this class of models, demonstrate the advantages, limitations and practical implementations of these methods in different longitudinal settings, and discuss some potential directions of further research in this area. Applications of these methods are illustrated through two epidemiological examples.     

The environmental Porter hypothesis: theory,evidence, and a model of timing of adoption

The Porter hypothesis postulates that the costs of compliance with environmental standards may be offset by adoption of innovations they trigger. We model this hypothesis using a game of timing of technology adoption. We will show that times of adoption will be earlier if the non-adoption tax is higher. The environmental tax will turn the preemption game with low profits into a game with credible precommitment generating higher profits (pro-Porter). If there is a precommitment game without environmental taxes, the introduction of a tax will lead to lower profits (anti-Porter). An evaluation of the empirical literature indicates that the Porter hypothesis will hold even for profit-maximizing firms under multiple market imperfections such as imperfect competition, X-inefficiency, and agency costs. These are more likely to be present in sectors with large firms. In many case studies that we have evaluated, though, we detected an element of explicit or implicit subsidies for environmentally friendly behaviour, which is in line with Pigovian policies.     

环境规制与区域技术创新——基于中国省际面板数据的实证分析

波特假说认为,恰当的环境规制政策能够促进技术创新.为了验证波特假说在我国的适用性,本文首先利用1999～2007年的中国省际面板数据对环境规制与技术创新的关系进行实证研究.实证结果显示,环境规制对核心创新指标产生了显著的正的影响,环境规制强度每提高1%,发明专利数量和实用新型专利数量就会分别增加0.17%和0.07%.结合实证研究结果,从改变资源配置、影响产业结构两种途径探讨了环境规制对区域技术创新的影响.从环境规制政策和技术创新激励政策的制定等角度提出了政策建议.     

克拉申“自然习得顺序假说”对二语习得研究的影响

＂自然习得顺序假说＂作为Krashen二语习得理论的重要组成部分,受到了二语研究者的普遍关注,同时也受到了很多的质疑。探讨＂自然习得顺序假说＂的理论基础,评述其研究方法,并且指出＂自然习得顺序假说＂存在的合理性,有助于进一步的理解该假说对二语教学与研究的指导意义。     

经济增长对实际汇率的影响:基于巴拉萨—萨缪尔森效应的分析

巴拉萨—萨缪尔森效应假说认为经历高速经济增长的国家,其贸易品部门的生产率提高较快,这将导致实际汇率升值。本文利用1978-2010年的中国年度时间序列数据对巴拉萨—萨缪尔森效应假说进行实证检验,结果表明巴拉萨—萨缪尔森效应在中国是显著成立的,从长期看中国两部门相对劳动生产率的提高会带来人民币实际汇率的升值。     

注意力配置对投资决策行为影响的间接检验

现代金融市场中,海量的信息与投资者注意力的有限性使人们不得不有选择性地配置注意力,选择注意是投资者获取投资信息的前提,也是投资决策过程中的一个重要环节,利用我国证券市场相关的实际数据,间接实证注意力配置对投资决策行为的影响。实证结果表明,股评信息确实吸引了投资者注意并作出了反应,股评信息发布的形式、位置、表述方式等与股评内容一样影响着注意力配置的效果。     

New evidence on the impact of size and taxation on the seasonality of UK equity returns

The paper investigates the extent to which capital gains taxation and the portfolio rebalancing hypothesis may account for the seasonality of UK equity returns. The empirical results show that in small firm portfolios during the period of capital gains taxation, April but not January seasonality is consistent with the tax-loss selling hypothesis. The January seasonality, which is detected even before the introduction of capital gains taxation, is also consistent with the portfolio rebalancing hypothesis until the 1980s, when such seasonality becomes increasingly insignificant.