The monetary origins of asymmetric information in international equity markets

Existing studies using low-frequency data have found that macroeconomic shocks contribute little to international stock market covariation. However, these papers have not accounted for the presence of asymmetric information where sophisticated investors generate private information about the fundamentals that drive returns in many countries. In this paper, we use a new microstructure data set to better identify the effects of private and public information shocks about U.S. interest rates and equity returns. High-frequency private and public information shocks help forecast domestic money and equity returns over daily and weekly intervals. In addition, these shocks are components of factors that are priced in a model of the cross-section of international returns. Linking private information to U.S. macroeconomic factors is useful for many domestic and international asset-pricing tests.     

Sarbanes–Oxley Act and patterns in stock returns around executive stock option exercise disclosures

We document negative stock returns and elevated trading volumes around executives’ early option exercise disclosures post‐SOX, but not pre‐SOX. This stock price reaction is incomplete, and the negative stock price drift is smaller post‐SOX compared to pre‐SOX. We also show effects of media coverage in the stock price response to exercise disclosures in the post‐SOX period. These findings provide evidence that the requirement mandated by SOX to disclose executives’ stock option exercises within two business days, and the increased media coverage, improves investors’ ability to incorporate into stock prices in a timely fashion the information conveyed by these exercises.     

Social Context,Management, and Organizational Performance: When human capital and social capital serve as substitutes

Do internal (administrative human capital) and external (social capital) resources work to reinforce the effects of each other? Work from multiple disciplines has approached this question, and we advance this literature with a theory of social and administrative resources as potential substitutes for each other in the production of public education outcomes. We argue that social capital benefits some groups more than others and that it interacts with management to improve performance. We therefore expect the benefits associated with social capital to be non-uniform across community groups. Using education as our area of study, we find that social capital offers the most direct and unconditional benefits to white students but that management can use human capital resources to compensate disadvantaged students who may lack support and resources outside of the classroom. We do not find support for the expectation that social capital and human administrative capital reinforce the benefits of each other, but we find evidence that the two resource types are substitutable. This implies that management may substitute human capital resources when social capital is low to benefit public program performance.     

CEPA条件下安徽民营高新技术企业的发展对策研究

安徽民营高新技术企业在近些年来取得了巨大的发展,规模不断壮大。但总体来看,安徽的民营高新技术企业还很弱小,面对CEPA,机遇与挑战并存。我们应该抓住机遇,迎接挑战,尽快的发展壮大我们的民营高新技术企业。     

私募股权基金文献综述

私募股权基金首先在美国,其次在欧洲大陆和英国,得到了充分的发展。因此对美国和欧洲大陆私募股权基金市场的研究给亚洲新兴经济体,尤其是中国PE产业的发展提供了参考依据。本文首先界定私募股权基金的定义,然后从影响私募股权基金发展的因素、委托人-代理人风险控制、退出模式这三个层面对国内外文献进行梳理,最后对该如何培养有利于私募股权基金发展的外部环境提出了几点建议。     

PPP项目控制权本质探讨

控制权是PPP项目合作的重要理论前提,同时也是实践中亟待解决的关键问题之一。研究基于控制权理论,在剖析权力及企业控制权的基础上,深入探讨了PPP项目控制权的本质;认为PPP项目控制权是建立在资源基础上的企业控制权,包括实质控制权和剩余控制权,它们构成影响公私合作效率的基础。由于控制权结构不同,因此,它既是公私合作的选择形式,也是合作主体的权利与义务的条件。     

创新驱动战略下承制军品民营企业科技资源配置效率分析及优化

实施创新驱动战略,事关经济社会发展和强军兴军进程。科技资源是科技创新的物质基础,随着军民融合的深度发展,承制军品民营企业成为国防科技创新与武器装备科研生产的新生力量,其所拥有的科技资源也成为国防科技创新与武器装备科研生产的重要物质基础。承制军品民营企业科技资源配置效率的高低,直接影响到我国武器装备科研生产水平的高低和国防科技自主创新能力的强弱。利用DEA模型测算了87家承制军品民营企业的Malmquist指数及其分解情况,对承制军品民营企业科技资源配置效率进行了评价分析,最终提出了相应优化建议。     

民营企业出口竞争力现状分析

民营企业出口在我国外贸出口中占据越来越大的比重,通过对民营企业出口产品竞争力、拓展市场能力的分析,以及对出口组织、外贸人才、劳动力、政府政策等障碍的研究分析,可以看出,我国民营企业需要通过产权结构的进一步完善、产品结构的优化等来增强竞争力,同时政府也需要健全民营企业出口促进体系、金融支持体系,来促进其外贸发展。     

Long-run underperformance following private equity placements: The role of growth opportunities

Our results show that the post-offering performance of private equity issuers is related to growth opportunities. We find significant long-run underperformance in stock returns following private placements only for firms with high Tobin's q. High-q firms experience not only poor stock price performance but also poor operating performance. Low-q firms, in contrast, do not display significant stock price or operating underperformance. We further examine three potential explanations for this relation: over-investment in assets by managers, investor skewness preference, and over-optimism about earnings prospects. Our results are consistent with the view that investors are overly optimistic about the prospects of high growth firms.     

Mechanism design goes to war: peaceful outcomes with interdependent and correlated types

In this paper, we consider the possibility of identifying peaceful mechanisms such as bargaining protocols, international institutions, or norms that can enable countries to settle disputes in the absence of binding contracts. In particular, we are interested in the existence of mechanisms with zero probability of war. Here, we focus on situations where the countries’ payoffs to war are interdependent or correlated and where efficient settlements are not required but subsidies are unavailable. Most importantly, countries can choose to go to war at any time and can use information learned from the negotiation process in making this choice. We characterize the conditions under which no peaceful mechanisms exist and discuss how weakening our war consistency condition can change this result. We thank Massimo Morelli, Adam Meirowitz, Hein Goemans and two anonymous reviewers for helpful advice and comments and John Duggan and Dan Bernhardt for encouraging this direction of inquiry.