基于需求方企业的循环技术扩散机制研究

发展循环经济的关键在于激励循环技术在企业间低成本快速扩散,然而循环技术向中小企业扩散存在不少障碍,为此,政府应通过绿色价格机制和各项政策调节企业绿色利润,以提高中小企业应用循环技术的积极性,此外,政府支持、市场主导下的生态园区的发展在循环技术扩散中也起着重要的作用.     

盈余管理:动因及后果——兼与利润操纵的比较

盈余管理的动因有终极动因和中介动因,其根本目的是实现自身效用或公司市场价值最大化,其经济后果有弊也有利.而利润操纵完全是为了谋取私利,且不惜牺牲其他相关人的利益,故它是百害而无一利的.为促进资本市场的理性发展,应当完善相关的法律法规以对二者进行规避.     

Are Differences in Acquiring Bank Profit Efficiency Priced in Financial Markets?

We analyze 271 bank mergers for 1986–2001 to attempt to determine if differences among acquirers in profit efficiency are priced in financial markets. We find that the acquirer’s pre-merger profit efficiency (as well as its experience in handling other mergers) has positive effects on the wealth of the acquiring bank’s shareholders. We also find that more profit efficient acquiring banks produce lower abnormal returns for the target, suggesting that well managed (i.e., more profit-efficient) banks are less likely to overpay when they enter into a merger agreement. Financial market participants apparently take something akin to the econometric concept of profit efficiency into account when they make decisions about bank stock purchases and sales around merger announcement dates.      

The stock market and investment: another look at the micro-foundations of q theory

This paper introduces a novel distinction between real q andfinancial q. The paper examines three versions of financialq developed by Brainard and Tobin, Minsky and Hayashi, respectively.These theories differ regarding the nature of stock market pricedetermination and their use of marginal productivity theory.It is shown that non-profit maximising behaviour by managersdoes not invalidate q theory. It is also shown that if managersand shareholders have different profit expectations, this leadsto an equilibrium value of q that differs from unity. Lastly,the implicit claims in q theory regarding the efficient roleof stock markets as regulators of capital accumulation are shownto depend on assumptions about stockholder behaviour.     

INTERNATIONAL CORPORATE TAX AVOIDANCE: A REVIEW OF THE CHANNELS,MAGNITUDES, AND BLIND SPOTS

This paper reviews the rapidly growing empirical literature on international tax avoidance by multinational corporations. It surveys evidence on the main channels of corporate tax avoidance including transfer mispricing, international debt shifting, treaty shopping, tax deferral, and corporate inversions. Moreover, it performs a meta-analysis of the extensive literature that estimates the overall size of profit shifting. We find that the literature suggests that, on average, a 1 percentage-point lower corporate tax rate will expand before-tax income by 1%—an effect that is larger than reported as the consensus estimate in previous surveys and tends to be increasing over time. The literature on tax avoidance still has several unresolved puzzles and blind spots that require further research.     

Do voluntary disclosures of bad news improve liquidity?

Can managers improve market liquidity and lower the cost of capital by providing voluntary earnings guidance? This study examines the impact of profit warnings on market liquidity and finds that voluntary disclosure of bad news actually improves market liquidity. By conducting an empirical study over the period 1995–2010 on NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX listed firms, we find that firms that issue profit warnings show enhanced market liquidity during the post-announcement period. We show that profit warnings reduce information asymmetry and lower bid-ask spreads and increase trading volumes. These results are invariant to daily (short run) and monthly (long run) data after controlling for firm specific attributes. The results have major corporate policy implications. By voluntarily disclosing negative earnings guidance by managers, firms will experience significant improvement in market liquidity, thereby lowering the cost of capital. Our results are even more profound for firms that release bad news with extremely negative stock market impact. In other words, voluntary disclosure of bad news is good for market liquidity.     

公司获利能力评价体系研究

获利能力是企业获得利润能力的体现,是企业各方面关心的核心,只有长期盈利,企业才能真正做到持续经营。只有建立一个完善合理的评价体系,进行系统的获利能力分析,促使企业进行自我定位,适应市场中环境千变万化,最大限度的满足企业各利益相关者,争取利益相关者支持,从而达到企业的发展。     

Persistence of firm‐level profitability in the European dairy processing industry

Based on autoregressive (AR) models and Arellano‐Bond dynamic panel estimation, this article analyses profit persistence in the European dairy processing industry. The sample comprises 590 dairy processors from the following five countries: Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The AR models indicate that cooperatives which account for around 20% of all firms in the dairy processing sector are not primarily profit oriented. In addition, the results point toward a high level of competition as profit persistence is rather low even if cooperatives are excluded. The panel model reveals that short‐ as well as long‐run profit persistence is influenced by firm and industry characteristics.     

巴塞尔协议Ⅲ对金融租赁业的影响及对策：基于风险指标体系与业务盈利模式的分析

由于有与母体银行风险并表的需要,金融租赁公司将受到巴塞尔协议III逐步实施直接或间接的影响。本文从新标准所设定的风险监管指标体系调整出发,逐层分析了资本充足率、贷款拨备率、拨备覆盖率等指标要求调整对金融租赁公司的业务盈利模式、规模扩张方式、风险管理理念和公司治理结构带来的影响,并从业务模式转型、与母体银行协同合作、专业团队、信息系统等视角提出金融租赁公司的应对策略。在巴塞尔协议新标准的要求下,金融租赁业从外延式扩张向内涵式提升转型具有高度紧迫性。     

论"一元钱诉讼"的经济学价值

按照经济学的收益最大化原则，对于“一元钱诉讼”应该依靠提高诉讼收费标准的办法，运用国家的诉讼成本政策加以解决。对这类案件采用不予立案、非诉讼解决模式或者进一步降低诉讼成本的办法都是行不通的。