利润破坏模型在国有垄断行业的应用

国有垄断的发展在一定程度上阻碍了经济的发展。本文利用让.梯若尔的公司金融理论建立了一个符合我国国有垄断行业的融资模型,利用该模型推导出我国垄断行业的确定的企业数量以使投资者(政府)取得最大的经济收益,并论述了我国几个主要国有垄断行业的企业数量状态。最后对减小垄断带来的影响提出了两种解决方案,一种是引进投资者增加竞争,另一种是将社会效益加入收益函数。     

The Profits of the Dutch East India Company's Japan Trade

This article analyses the eighteenth-century accounting practices of the Japanese trading station or factory of the Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC). The factory's trade and its reported profits declined during the eighteenth century, but because of the complexity of the accounting issues involved, contemporaries held different views on whether the accounting data supported a continuation of the factory's operations. For similar reasons, some historians have argued that the maintenance of the factory in the face of declining profits illustrates the poor quality of the VOC's management, while others have argued in favour of the economic viability of the factory. The purpose of this article is to a more comprehensive analysis of the accounting issues facing the Japanese factory present in the eighteenth century than offered to date, in order to propose a way in which the accounting records may be approached as a source of data for historical research.
The conclusions are twofold. First, there were three main accounting issues facing the factory that should be considered when interpreting the accounting records. These issues can be summarized as transfer pricing, currency translation and overhead allocation. While all these issues have been recognized in the literature at some stage, they have never been considered in combination. Second, we tentatively conclude that if the recorded accounting figures are adjusted as proposed, they support the view that keeping the factory open was a correct decision from a commercial point of view.     

Accounting issues and the measurement of profits - English banks 1920-68

It is well known that banks in England did not publish their 'true' profits until 1969. This article discusses the problems encountered in establishing the banks' 'true' profits and capital for earlier periods from their published accounts and unpublished archival sources. Definitions of profits and capital are considered and the methods used by the authors elsewhere in the calculation of true profits, capital, and rates of return are described. A number of areas causing particular difficulty are identified and discussed in detail. The accounting practices followed by the banks are compared to more generally-used financial accounting practices.     

基于中国股市的动量策略和反转策略盈利性研究

本文测试了中国股票市场中A股的反转策略和动量策略的盈利性,实证结果证明了短期内的动量收益,而反转收益存在于中长期和长期。在对两类收益的原因探析中,本文证明反转收益部分归因于规模效应。Beta因素对两类收益都没有解释力。本文同时还测试了Fama-French三因素模型,发现包含市场风险、规模差异和账面市场价值比在内的三类公共因素均不能有效解释反转收益和动量收益。     

What's behind the rise in profitability in the US in the 1980s and 1990s?

Profitability in the US has been rising since the early 1980sand by 1997 was at its highest level since its post-World WarII peak in the mid-1960s, and the profit share, by one definition,at its highest point. In this paper, I examine the role of thechange in the profit share and capital intensity, as well asstructural change, on movements in the rate of profit between1947 and 1997. Its recent recovery is traced to a rise in theprofit share in national income, a slowdown in capital–labourgrowth at the industry level, and employment shifts to relativelylabour-intensive industries.     

Gender differentials in farming efficiency and profits: The case of rice production in the Philippines

Women make essential contributions to the agricultural and rural economies in all developing countries. Rural women are involved in a variety of production and farm management activities. In the Philippines women engage more intensively in agricultural work than men. However, Filipino women’s actual contribution to food production and the rural economy remains undervalued, if not invisible. Using the average treatment effect and farm-level data from the Philippines, this study investigates the effect of gender on farming efficiency, profits, and costs of rice production. Results indicate that female-headed farm households, despite having limited access to land, have higher values of rice production than their male counterparts. However, female-headed households have higher fixed, seed and labor input costs, consequently earning lower profits. In addition, female-headed farm households have lower irrigation costs. Findings from this study also indicate that women are less efficient in farming, but are more likely to adopt improved seed varieties.     

高层次创新人才薪酬与企业盈利关系研究——以科技型中小企业为例

科技型中小企业是我国技术创新的主力军,高层次创新人才更是科技型中小企业的宝贵资源,如何通过薪酬设计激发人才创新动力进而促进企业盈利显得尤为重要。基于不完全信息静态博弈理论,构建了科技型中小企业高层次创新人才薪酬与公司盈利均衡模型,采用非线性多元回归方法,利用111家科技型中小企业高层次创新人才薪酬、公司盈利以及其它相关数据,实证分析了高层次创新人才薪酬与企业盈利的关系。研究结果表明,高层次创新人才薪酬总额与科技型中小企业盈利同方向变动,随着高层次创新人才薪酬增加公司盈利能力也将提升;高层次创新人才与普通员工的薪酬差距对公司盈利的影响与企业成长性显著相关,企业成长性越高则薪酬差距对企业盈利的影响越小。     

Hub network design problems with profits

This paper presents a class of hub network design problems with profit-oriented objectives, which extend several families of classical hub location problems. Potential applications arise in the design of air and ground transportation networks. These problems include decisions on the origin/destination nodes that will be served as well as the activation of different types of edges, and consider the simultaneous optimization of the collected profit, setup cost of the hub network and transportation cost. Alternative models and integer programming formulations are proposed and analyzed. Results from computational experiments show the complexity of such models and highlight their superiority for decision-making.     

从营销角度看节目生产

进行节目营销,是当下在纷繁众多的电视频道中占有一席之地并获得收视长虹的必由之路。本文从营销内涵的基本理念入手,探究如何实现节目营销。     

会计收益与全面收益的区别及改进思路

本通过比较传统会计收益与全面收益，提出了传统会计收益与全面收益的区别及差距，并在此基础上提出了改进传统会计收益的思路，使会计收益更加接近真实收益。