铁路编组站布局的双层规划方法研究

运用双层规划对编组站布局问题进行描述,上层规划表示决策者为了达到车流组织最优而采取的最优投资策略,下层规划为给定编组站布局方案条件下的车流组织优化。通过对上层和下层问题分别剖析,构建了编组站布局的双层规划模型,考虑到模型的复杂性,提出应用遗传算法求解,并给出了求解策略。研究结果表明,双层规划方法适用于实际编组站布局问题决策。     

城市环境综合评价

利用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ），构造城市环境综合评价模型，提出了较完整的评价指标体系，构造判断矩阵后，可方便地调用已有程序在计算机上求解，得到定量分析结果。     

用VxD实现Windows 98/95下的硬件中断

本文较翔实地讲述了用虚拟设备驱动程度（ＶｘＤ）结构编写能与Ｗｉｎ３２客户程序通信的中断服务程度（ＩＳＲ）的方法并给出样板程度。     

高速铁路车站到发线运用优化研究

高速铁路车站到发线运用计划根据列车运行计划、动车组交路计划编制各列车占用到发线的起止时间,以均衡、合理使用到发线和方便旅客上下车为原则,为每一列车安排合适的到发线。在分析高速铁路车站到发线运用特点和原则的基础上,建立高速铁路车站到发线运用的0-1规划模型,并利用遗传算法求解。通过算例分析,编制长沙南站的到发线运用方案,说明方法的具体应用。     

A review of national policies and programs to prevent unintentional injuries in the Americas

Injuries are a global public health problem, with injury mortality increasing in many regions. We describe a survey of injury policies and programs in 23 countries in the Americas. Most countries surveyed (87%) perceived unintentional injuries to be a significant public health problem. When asked about actual policy agendas, however, just one-fourth (26%) of the countries ranked unintentional injuries among policy makers’ top five concerns. Approximately half of the countries reported having a national injury prevention strategy, injury prevention coordinator, or consultative group. Virtually all countries with national strategies and consultative groups had established them in the 1990s, suggesting that concern about injuries is both recent and growing. Three-fourths (74%) reported that their country had a surveillance system to monitor injury-related mortality and, to a lesser extent, morbidity. The study’s results suggest that most policies and programs for the prevention and control of unintentional injuries have been developed in the past 10 years, and primarily address motor vehicle injuries. It is essential that current efforts be both broadened and strengthened so that the societal burden of unintentional injuries in the Americas can be reduced.     

Optimal bank asset and liability management with financial futures

This paper presents a model for optimal bank asset and liability management with financial futures. This model is a multiperiod linear programming model based on Markowitz portfolio theory. Given the bank's initial position, its economic forecasts, and the constraints under which it operates, the model can help a bank's senior executives determine the current and expected future balance sheet composition and financial futures position which will minimize the bank's operating risks and which will meet the bank's expected profits goal with the minimum possible profits risk. By parametrically varying the expected profits goal, the model will generate the set of risk-return efficient decisions. Bankers need then examine only the set of efficient decisions to choose their optimal solution. A simplified example is used to illustrate the application of our model and to demonstrate that banks that use financial futures in asset and liability management can obtain better results than banks that do not use financial futures.     

城市轨道交通大小交路结合快慢车开行方案优化

城市轨道交通线路可以实行大小交路的开行模式,以克服断面客流不均衡导致的能力浪费,而这种模式使长距离乘客的出行时间增加,可以在列车开行大小交路的基础上考虑开行快慢车。以乘客出行成本与企业运营成本最小为目标,考虑列车停站时间与客流需求的关系,将停站时间纳入乘客出行成本,建立双目标非线性整数优化模型,求解乘客与运营企业的成本博弈均衡点。通过算例验证模型的有效性,结果表明,相对于大小交路嵌套的运营模式,实行“大小交路+快慢车”的运营模式可以有效降低乘客出行成本与企业运营成本。     

基于库存理论的铁路始发直达运输产品设计

将库存理论运用到铁路始发直达运输产品设计,能够有效实现运输服务组织成本与库存成本的有机统一。为实现库存成本在铁路始发直达运输中的加载,在考虑周期非完整情况下的库存成本的同时,将铁路运输和库存成本纳入同一目标函数,在装卸车地库存能力约束下,构建基于库存理论的铁路始发直达运输产品设计模型,确定成本最小的铁路始发直达运输产品设计方案。以赤峰地区至山东省煤炭运输网络为例,设计方案有效降低了成本,有助于吸引客户选择铁路运输,以及辅助铁路运营单位研究调整始发直达运输产品方案。     

初探螺旋式项目教学法在《web编程与设计》教学中的应用

《web编程与设计》是计算机专业的一门实践性很强的技能型课程,传统的教学模式已经不能适应市场对人才的需求,存在一些需要革新的地方。采用螺旋式项目教学法,根据课程应用性的特点,以及计算机编程职业能力的需求,在宏观课程上采用项目拓展,微观课堂上采用项目递进驱动教学法把理论教学与实践教学有机地结合起来,使学生通过项目的编程,培养编程实践能力,同时也培养了分析问题、解决问题的能力,充分发掘了学生的创造潜能。     

企业知识资源配置与区间规划方法研究

提出企业知识资源的配置问题,认为企业知识资源具有分布式结构和互补性特点,需要系统地研究各种类型的知识在企业发展中所占的比例、层次结构及其相互关系;为进一步克服知识资源系统优化过程中遇到的测度困难及模糊程度高的障碍,设计了三参数知识资源区间规划方法,较好地解决了人类思维的模糊性和计算模型复杂性之间的矛盾。