农村公共薪柴林地治理的购买机制——西藏伦布岗村案例

薪柴在西藏农牧民生活能源中占据重要地位,如果薪柴砍伐不当,则可能引发生态环境破坏,因此建立公共薪柴林地的恰当治理机制,对于保持当地可持续发展至为重要。基于此,本文提出农村公共薪柴林地治理的购买机制,以促进薪柴林地的合理利用。应用所构建的购买机制,分析西藏伦布岗村公共薪柴林地的治理案例,认为伦布岗村的案例正好与构建的购买机制相符合。     

Credits and non-interest rate determinants of loan demand: a Spanish case study

This article uses bivariate probit analysis to model the potential relationship between the condition of being credit-unconstrained and holding loans as well as to ascertain determinants of a household being credit-unconstrained and likely holding consumer and real-estate loans. It documents that family size, education, permanent and transitory incomes, among others, affect Spanish households’ desire and capacity to hold loans. Furthermore, these factors were found to affect demands for real-estate and consumer loans differently. In general, the above and other results from this research provide insights that would interest credit consumers, credit suppliers, and policy makers in Spain.     

Influence of congruity in store-attribute dimensions and self-image on purchase intentions in online stores of multichannel retailers

Online stores of multichannel retailers continue to lag pure internet retailers with reference to consumers' shopping intentions and sales. This study develops and tests a framework in which (a) trust and attitude (conceptualized as a second-order construct with hedonic and utilitarian dimensions) influence purchase intentions, (b) congruity between the multichannel retailer's land-based and online stores (conceptualized as a second-order constructs made up of seven dimensions: aesthetic appeal, navigation convenience, transaction convenience, atmosphere, service, price orientation, and security) influences trust in and attitude toward the online store, and (c) congruity between consumers' self-image and perceived image of the online store influences trust in and attitude toward the online store. The findings provide robust support for the framework and have strong implications for theory and practice.     

The future of the global economy

Although world growth is continuous throughout history, the balance of power is constantly shifting from one nation to another. From Egypt to Ancient Greece and Rome, all the way through modern western civilization, different nations struggle for power through various ways such as: war, science and technology, arts, commerce, economical transactions, and other forms of interaction.In this article we use the assumption that global activity, as measured by real GDP, follows the well known s-curve of natural growth. Furthermore in order to model the relative power of specific regions, namely Western Countries, China and the rest of the world, we use the Logistic Substitution method developed by Nakicenovic and Marchetti. Estimates from the derived models are tested against actual data and linked to real historical events where appropriate.The bottom line of these forecasts is that World GDP will continue to rise in the next years, and will probably reach its peak growth by the end of the next decade. China's emergence as a superpower is verified and could have been predicted even as way back as 1985 by using the Logistic Substitution method. If the current trend persists it is expected to more than double its percentage contribution to the World's gross domestic product during the next two decades and exceed Western Countries' aggregated GDP by 2034 at a level of almost 40%. By the year 2024 though China's economy is expected to enter the substitution phase, as our world will most likely experience the emergence of a new “superpower” that will take its place, and once more will change the international landscape as we know it today.     

长期股权投资差额分析

股权投资差额的本质是被投资单位净资产计价偏低或存在商誉,通过对股权投资差额、合并价差、商誉三者的比较分析,可以正确理解股权投资差额的实质。投资企业通常对股权投资差额进行摊销调整,消除由于被投资单位利润虚增而对投资企业利润的影响。现阶段对股权投资差额的摊销是出于谨慎性原则考虑,但存在着不合理性。本文拟对股权投资差额会计处理进行简要评析,并提出了一些想法和建议。     

基于"挣值"的采购合同管理绩效评估

采购合同管理是履行合同的保障,通过对采购合同管理风险的分析,指出采购合同管理评估是合同管理过程监督评估,介绍了基于“挣值”的采购合同管理绩效评估指标,以及进行评估的过程。     

Geography and Poverty Traps

We test the view that the large differences in income levels we see across the world are due to differences in the intrinsic geography of each country against the alternative view that there are poverty traps. We reject simple geographic determinism in favor of a poverty trap model with high- and low-level equilibria. The high-level equilibrium state is found to be the same for all countries while income in the low-level equilibrium, and the probability of being in the high-level equilibrium, are greater in cool, coastal countries with high, year-round, rainfall.     

西安市雁塔区健身俱乐部发展现状及建设研究

论文在西安市雁塔区选取7家健身俱乐部中的投资人、工作人员、健身教练以及消费者作为本次调查研究的目标。论文首先列举出在本次调查研究中使用的方法,例如,问卷调查、综合归纳、实地调查、数据统计等;其次对于调查结果进行逐一分析研究,并得出关于健身消费者以及健身俱乐部营运者的结论;最后基于健身俱乐部的发展现状提出一些具有建设性的建议。     

OK you are now an approved supplier—but you still do not get orders: Understanding the case of the P-Card

The purchase card (P-Card) was introduced in the 1990s as a payment mechanism for smaller value items so that purchase paperwork is reduced, itemized reporting and control become possible, and purchasing and payment are decentralized at the user level. Since the late 1990s, with E-procurement and B-to-B E-commerce, the possibilities of P-Card use have magnified exponentially. However, the adoption and success of P-Cards in organizations has been short of initial expectations.Using P-Cards with approved suppliers is an ideal situation for both buyers and sellers. In practice however, many P-Card users seem to buy many items from suppliers who are not on the approved supplier list. To make payments to these “new” suppliers, organizations need to make exceptions resulting in paperwork, costs, and loss of business for approved suppliers. However, there are many P-Card users who indeed follow the company-approved list and these users may be called “P-Card conforming users.”This article takes a knowledge-based approach and presents a model for conforming P-Card use (CPU). The model is tested in an organization, and results are used to derive managerial and research implications. While orientation training of P-Card users is important, both business marketers and purchasing departments need to reach out directly to the P-Card user to ensure that approved supplier lists work well in an electronic age.     

Tourism climate insurance: implications and prospects

This paper investigates the intentions of tourists to purchase climate insurance as part of their holiday packages. A research model, based on Bagozzi’s reformulation of attitude theory designed to examine the relationships between climate expectation-disconfirmation and the behavioral intentions of tourists in purchasing tourism climate insurance, with destination loyalty as an outcome. The model hypothesizes and tests whether expectation-disconfirmation can be resolved by insuring the product-climate. A structural equation modeling is utilized. The results reveal that the expectation-disconfirmation of tourists in relation to climate is positively associated with their intentions to purchase insurance and negatively affects loyalty.