Income segregation and local progressive taxation: Empirical evidence from Switzerland

This study investigates spatial income segregation in fiscally decentralized urban areas. The theoretical part proposes the progressivity of local income taxes as a new theoretical explanation for income segregation. The empirical part studies how income tax differentials across municipalities affect the households' location decisions. I use data from the Swiss metropolitan area of Basel that contains tax information on all moving households in 1997. The location choice of the households is investigated within the framework of the random utility maximization model. Different econometric specifications of the error term structure, such as conditional logit, nested logit and multinomial probit, are compared. The empirical results show that rich households are significantly and substantially more likely to move to low-tax municipalities than poor households. This result holds after controlling for alternative explanations of segregation. Social interactions and distance from the central business district are established as other major factors for income segregation. Households in general tend to choose locations close to other households like themselves.     

Interregional Trade Linkages and the Commercial Role: The Spanish Case

The development of a national or regional economy depends on its own actions as much as on those of its commercial partners. Trade transmits economic events from one economy to another. The type and the degree of interdependence between territories—regions or countries—determines the consequences of external actions in a region. Multipliers translate the effects of a change in one variable on the others. Using an input–output scheme to express interregional commercial flows, some coefficients are developed to classify and identify the role that each region plays in interregional trade. An empirical application of the methodology on Spanish Comunidades Autonomas is presented. A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the Fifty-Eight International Atlantic Economic Conference, Chicago, October 7–10, 2004. The authors greatly appreciate the comments and suggestions from the participants at the meeting. The authors also wish to thank an anonymous referee and editor for their constructive suggestions and comments. This research was partially supported by the DGI project SEJ2004-07924/ECON.     

Educational Production in East Asia: The Impact of Family Background and Schooling Policies on Student Performance

Abstract. East Asian students regularly take top positions in international league tables of educational performance. Using internationally comparable student-level data, I estimate how family background and schooling policies affect student performance in five high-performing East Asian economies. Family background is a strong predictor of student performance in Korea and Singapore, while Hong Kong and Thailand achieve more equalized outcomes. There is no evidence that smaller classes improve student performance in East Asia. But other schooling policies such as school autonomy over salaries and regular homework assignments are related to higher student performance in several of the considered countries.     

Educational Attainment and Regional Economic Performance in Mexico

A growing number of studies confirm the importance of educational attainment and human capital investment as a means for improving per capita income performance. In developing countries, attention to this linkage has primarily been carried out using national data aggregates. For relatively large countries such as Mexico, it is helpful to conduct similar analyses that document regional market income patterns. This paper utilizes 2000 census data for all 31 states and the Federal District in Mexico City to quantify regional income performance. Similar to other studies conducted using regional data in higher income economies, results confirm strong links between education and incomes across Mexico.     

金融市场的长期记忆性

讨论了金融市场实证研究领域的一个热门话题：长记忆性。其特征是自相关函数具有高阶的滞后,并且以缓慢的双曲率衰减,而不是以标准的ARMA过程的指数率衰减。因此,今天发生的事件对序列中今后所发生事件的影响会持续数月,甚至数年。而这正是金融市场的特征之一。     

HCs商用制冷装置中工质泄漏对系统性能影响的实验研究

碳氢化合物作为自然工质已逐渐成为氟利昂的替代物。本文对R290／R600a在蒸汽压缩循环制冷系统中不同部位(蒸发器的进口、冷凝器的进、出口)发生的泄漏以及系统充灌量不足时的情况进行了实验研究。通过分析认为,蒸发器入口发生的气相泄漏为最不利的泄漏情况,系统内工质质量严重不足也会使得系统不能正常运行。     

Internal Migration Determinants: Recent Evidence

The present study investigates the impact on gross state in-migration over the 1999–2002 period of a variety of economic and non-economic factors. The empirical estimates indicate that gross state in-migration was an increasing function of expected per capita income on the one hand or actual per capita income on the other hand and a decreasing function of the average cost of living. Interstate unemployment rate differentials per se do not appear to have influenced gross migration, however. In addition, gross state in-migration was an increasing function of the availability of state parks, recreation, warmer temperatures, location in the West, and greater sunshine while being a decreasing function of the violent crime rate and the presence of hazardous waste sites.Revised version of a paper presented at the 56th International Atlantic Economic Conference, Quebec City, Canada, October 16–19, 2003.     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家与地区机电产品贸易强度动态变化及其影响因素研究

“一带一路”倡议的提出和实施为中国与“一带一路”沿线国家与地区间机电贸易合作提供了新机遇。基于“一带一路”沿线60个国家与地区2010—2018年机电产品贸易数据,使用改进的双边显示性贸易偏好指数测度中国同“一带一路”沿线国家与地区机电产品贸易强度的动态变化,并采用扩展引力模型检验其主要影响因素。研究结果表明:中国同“一带一路”沿线国家与地区的机电产品贸易强度日益增加,且出口强度高于进口强度,周边邻国高于其他国家;技术差距、“一带一路”沿线国家与地区的市场需求、外贸开放度、政府规模、地缘优势等因素可以显著促进中国同“一带一路”沿线国家与地区双边机电产品贸易强度。     

Rational speculation and exchange rates

Models of exchange rates have typically failed to produce results consistent with the key fact that real and nominal exchange rates move in ways not closely connected to current (or past) macroeconomic variables. Models that rely on the same shocks to drive fluctuations in macroeconomic variables and exchange rates typically imply counterfactually-strong co-movements between them. We develop a model in which new information leads agents to change their rational beliefs about risk premia on foreign exchange markets. These changes in risk premia work through asset markets to cause real and nominal exchange rates to change without corresponding changes in GDP, productivity, money supplies, and other key macro variables.     

Are Euro Area Small Cap Stocks an Asset Class? Evidence from Mean‐Variance Spanning Tests

In this paper we perform regression‐based tests for mean‐variance spanning in order to detect the effect of investing in euro area small capitalisation stocks on the minimum variance frontier, and apply different measures to assess the extent of diversification gains. Empirical analysis shows that euro area small and mid cap stocks, as classified by size quartile and quintile rankings, arise as truly autonomous asset classes. This result is robust to different methodologies used to form size‐based portfolios, and holds relative to both euro area large cap stocks and other international asset classes, US small capitalisation stocks included.