Organizational flexibility in Korean companies: rules and procedures on managerial discretion and employee behaviour

This paper examines organizational flexibility in Korea by concentrating on the rules and procedures on managerial and employee behaviours (safeguard and control rules), and their association with size, ownership, strategy and performance. The data reported were collected from forty-five organizations in South Korea. The results showed that flexibility in terms of low control rules (rules on employees) relates to innovation strategies, and lack of flexibility (high control rules) relates to cost-reduction strategies. The results also show that in Korea, a 'fit' between this aspect of organizational flexibility and strategy had a positive impact on organizational performance. Rules on managerial behaviour (safeguard rules) were strongly related to family or individual ownership in the Korean context. The implications of 'congruence' between organizational strategy and presence/absence of flexibility for employee behaviour are discussed.     

Marx's value forms and Hayek's rules: a reinterpretation in the light of the dichotomy between physis and nomos

This paper argues that both Marx and Hayek objected to the dichotomybetween physis and nomos, and offered concepts which integrate,or mediate between, the two. Marx's value forms and Hayek'srules aim to grasp something neither purely natural nor purelyartificial or social, but ‘socially natural’. Valueforms and rules are natural in the sense that they pre-existagents and are taken by agents as given. On the other hand,forms and rules are social in that production relations or spontaneousorder are reproduced as the unintended consequences of agents'using forms or following rules. Thus value forms and rules standas links between agents and production relations or spontaneousorder.     

成交风险、交易成本、逆向选择风险与投资者订单选择

本文利用多元对教条件自田归计数模型讨论了交易概率、交易成本以及选择成本等市场微观结构因素对中国证券市场投资者订单选择的影响.实证研究发现:(1)交易成本的增加会削弱投贵者递交指令的积极性,当成交风险较大时,投资者更偏好市价订单;(2)由于中国证券市场订单类型较为单一,逆向选择风险对投资者订单选择行为并无显著性的影响;(3)在同质信息的驱动下不同类型订单之间具有显著的持续和交叉相关性.     

公序良俗在情人遗赠纠纷中的适用——基于私法与基本权利冲突理论的二元视角

遗赠是否违背公序良俗应以遗赠本身为审查对象，而不能以遗赠以外之事实为断。同时，情人遗赠行为是否违背公序良俗，尤应考察当事人一方遗赠的动机是否是将性奉献与经济上的对待给付联结起来，抑或是存在其他更值得尊重的动机。但在私法视角下，情人遗赠的效力，总是呈现出完全有效或完全无效的形态。而在基本权利冲突与权衡的视角下，各基本权利相互较量各自在具体个案中的分量，此种权衡和较量之结果体现在法律行为效力上，即既非完全有效亦非完全无效，而是在两者间存在多种可能性，因而更能适应个案中的具体情况，也更具灵活性。     

地方法规范的“飞出”适用

国家通过行政区划制度实现了对国土空间的有效治理,但形成了行政壁垒和区域发展不平衡。“飞地经济”推动了国土动态空间的重构,需要具有竞争力的管理制度溢出和良法的“飞出”适用。在民商事领域,可以通过冲突法及法律选择制度解决地方法规范的跨界适用。地方行政法规范“飞出”适用的基本规则是“协议—批准”。基于公私法的划分、国家结构形式和地方治理制度,“协议—批准”的实现形式存在差异。在实行普通法制度的联邦制国家,联邦成员可以按民商事冲突法及其意思自治原则,约定其行政法规范的“飞出”适用。实行单一制的国家（联邦成员）除了个别共同法外,对地方行政法规范的“飞出”适用都实行批准制度,包括批准“准据法”、批准行政区划拟制和批准委托管辖制度。无论公私法是否存在分野,地方主体都可以协商约定“飞地经济”的行政管辖权,但自治地方具有更强的自主能力。在实行地方自治的情况下,约定“飞地经济”的行政管辖权多由本级或中央民意机关批准,有的甚至需要行政机关和民意机关的双重批准。行政管辖权是一种实施法律的公权力,它的溢出意味着地方法规范的“飞出”适用。