The air transport market in Central and Eastern Europe after a decade of liberalisation – Different paths of growth

This paper describes the changes which are taking place in air transport for the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia in the context of liberalisation. It also attempts to identify the common and specific factors that influence these processes in different markets of the region. The indicators for the development of the aviation market were designed using, among other things, statistics describing the infrastructure facilities and the level of activity in the market. Composite indicators and the weights for their individual components were constructed using a Multidimensional Comparative Analysis. The conditions under which changes were taking place in Central and Eastern European Countries were described with the help of selected socio-economic panel data. Finally, One-Way Fixed Effects and Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR) models describing the development of the aviation markets were estimated. The adopted procedure made it possible to identify the most important common and specific factors that exerted the greatest influence on the situation of air transport in CEE Countries. The very initiation of the liberalisation process undoubtedly had a significantly beneficial effect on the development of route networks and aviation activities as broadly understood. However, the pace of change depended not only on the progress of liberalisation itself, but also on the diverse socio-economic conditions in the individual countries. As a result of the analysis, the markets were divided into two separate groups, which in many respects are distinctly different from each other. The results of the estimation models also showed that there are strong unobservable determinants of development which are specific to individual countries.     

“泛珠三角”外资的空间结构以及梯度转移分析

通过对泛珠三角洲地区9个省市1992-2011年的实际利用外资数据的分析,发现我国泛珠三角洲地区外资利用呈现以广东省为一级中心,湖南、广西、江西、福建和海南为次级中心,云南、贵州和四川为外围地区的层级空间结构。此外,作为中心地区的广东省通过等级扩散为主,接触扩散为辅的方式对周边地区进行外资空间转移。在层级结构中,整个泛珠三角地区的外资利用呈现由外围向二级中心收敛,然后再向一级中心收敛的趋势,并且距离越远,收敛越慢。     

Do Public Service Obligations hamper the cost competitiveness of regional airlines?

Panel data is used to model the cost of a set European and US regional air carriers between 1991 and 2002 to see the extent to which they are affected by Public Service Obligations or the US's Essential Air Service Program. Pooling the data set indicates that the Public Service Obligations in Europe do affect the economic performance of carriers, but this is not the case for the US's Essential Air Service Program.     

中国在大湄公河次区域金融合作中的战略选择

中国加入WTO的后过渡期已经结束,在经济一体化、金融全球化以及区域经济一体化浪潮面前,中国金融业如何抓住机遇才能应对挑战,已经成为中国金融业的重大课题。大湄公河次区域经济合作第二次领导人会议在昆明的成功召开,给本地区的金融合作提供了一次极好机会。对大湄公河次区域各国的金融合作现状进行初步分析,并提出一些次区域金融合作的可行构想和建议。     

Interregional Input–Output Modelling in Indonesia: A Constrained Growth Rate Approach with Endogenous Investment

In interregional input–output (IO) models, investment can be endogenized in many different ways, varying from dynamic Leontief-type solutions to computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. However, large versions of these models are difficult to implement because of the absence of the required data. In this paper, a different, less data-demanding treatment of regional investment is presented for an interregional IO forecasting model in which a simultaneous solution is given for regional GDP by industry, on the one hand, and for regional aggregate investment, on the other hand. In this way, investment plays its role as a disaggregate demand factor by industry and region, as well as being an aggregate supply constraint on regional capital stock at the same time. Some empirical results are presented for a 27-region model in Indonesia, which has been used by the government during the preparations for the new national 5-year plan for 1994–1999.     

ECONOMIC REFORM IN EASTERN EUROPE

Abstract. Since the early 1960s, reforms in the traditional centralized model of a planned economy have been debated. In most of Eastern Europe, reforms have been confined to cautious ones seeking to improve central planning. But in Hungary, and to a small degree elsewhere, more radical reforms have taken root. These retain elements of planning but also introduce the institutions and policies needed to support a more active market orientation for the economy. Such reforms encounter limits when they begin to threaten, or call into question, established political structures and it is an open question how much further reforms can proceed in Hungary without political change.     

The evolution and performance of biotechnology regional systems of innovation

The paper maintains that biotechnology regions develop as complexsystems: they start with star scientists in research universities,generating knowledge spillovers, then move progressively towardsregional technology markets. In the process they attract venturecapital (or modify the behaviour of existing venture capitalfirms with the addition of biotechnology portfolios). The routinesof universities are also modified with the addition of intellectualproperty and technology transfer offices intervening as sellersin the newly created knowledge markets. The paper also considerswhether companies located in regional agglomerations grow fasterthan isolated ones, and whether companies spun-off from universitieshave a better performance than start-ups. The study is basedon about 90 Canadian-based publicly quoted biotechnology companies.     

论中国与东盟国家区域合作的双赢模式——平台、机制与效益分享

发展中国家无论是采取均衡发展或非均衡发展，值得注意的是，两种模式同样深刻地表现在发展中国家之间的区域合作模式上。文章提出中国在与东盟国家区域合作中的模式选择与理性政策选择中的两个基本点与三大基本原则。     

略论构建城乡互动的新体制

本文通过对阻碍城乡协调发展的体制性约束的分析,提出要消除城乡体制性障碍,促进城乡协调发展,就必须深化城乡体制改革,构建以城带乡、以工促农、城乡互动的新体制.     

产权流动与长三角经济一体化

产权流动与区域经济共同发展的关键是建立统一的产权市场平台,产权市场一体化是实现和推动长三角经济一体化发展的重要环节。