RTAs:中国进一步扩大对外经贸合作的新途径

20世纪90年代尤其是世界贸易组织建立和运作以来,区域贸易安排迅猛发展,呈现出许多新的特点.在经济全球化和中国已加入世界贸易组织的新形势下,中国积极参与和推进区域贸易安排是在更大范围、更广领域和更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作与竞争、以开放促改革促发展的新途径.应进一步加强区域贸易安排的研究,建立国家区域贸易安排运作机制,制定切实可行的区域贸易安排计划,以提升中国经济的竞争力,迎接世界区域贸易安排发展带来的机遇和挑战.     

国家基础设施投资与区域发展战略耦合——一项抵御国际金融危机冲击的经济增长策略

为应对1997年东南亚金融危机冲击,我国政府把西部地区作为基础设施投资重点,取得了加快西部地区发展,同时刺激全国经济持续增长的成功经验。这证明,国家基础设施投资与区域发展战略耦合是一项值得重视的抵御国际金融危机冲击的经济增长策略。当前,为抵御新的国际金融危机冲击,我国政府实施了大规模的基础设施投资计划。国家宜把中部地区作为这轮基础设施投资的重点区域,以收到加快中部地区崛起步伐、营造区域热点、刺激全国经济持续增长的效果。 ?     

北京城市办公业发展与城市变化阶段分析

办公业发展作为城市经济转型的组成部分,在北京城市变化中经历了4个阶段:(1)变消费城市为生产城市——办公业萌芽期。新中国成立后至改革开放前,北京城市大力发展工业,变消费城市为生产城市。这一时期由于政治上的原因,外商驻京机构很少;而国内金融、保险、房地产、信息行业基本处于萌芽阶段。因而,该时期无真正意义上的办公业。(2)现代化城市——办公业起步期。改革开放至20世纪80年代中后期,北京向现代化城市迈进,商务管理职能为主体的办公业开始萌芽,城市经济结构发生了变化,第三产业中生产性服务业开始兴起。(3)国际化大都市——办公业起飞期。从20世纪90年代中后期至21世纪早期,北京开始向国际化大都市靠近,相对形成了几个办公区域,如CBD商务办公区域、中关村高科技办公区域、复兴门金融办公区域等。生产性服务业占据主导地位。(4)现代化国际城市-办公业飞速发展期。2008年奥运申办成功后,北京城市发展又处于一个转型期,以公司办公为核心的办公业空间集聚使北京城市发生新的变化。     

Interpartner legitimacy in regional strategic networks

Our aim is to add to the knowledge on a network level, focusing on if, and how, interpartner legitimacy affects the success or failure of network formation and development processes. Existing network theories and research tend to focus on resource exchange rather than on how actors perceive each other in terms of being legitimate or not. The purpose of the article is to analyze the interpartner legitimacy's influence on the formation and development processes of regional strategic networks (RSNs) from a network level. Two Swedish cases are discussed in terms of pragmatic, moral and cognitive interpartner legitimacy. The cases and the following discussion illuminate that interpartner legitimacy is important to incorporate into the analytical model if we wish to understand the processes of negotiations on the rules and norms which set the possibilities for survival of multi-actor interactions.     

Relationship between city size and firm productivity – A new interpretation using the Chinese experience

This paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between city size and firm productivity by focusing on agglomeration, selection (market competition), and sorting (presence of firms with diverse productivity) effects using Chinese firm-level data for 1998–2013. Contrary to the existing literature, our parametric regression estimates from nearly two million firms show that when the selection effect is controlled, productivity advantage in big cities is reversed. This outcome is explained through a quantile regression showing the existence of left-sided sorting (inefficient firms sort themselves to larger cities) in big cities which is not captured in existing empirical literature. We further find that (1) left-sided sorting is stronger in exporters than non-exporters; (2) is also generated mainly in enterprises with high asset-liability ratios; and (3) selection has a positive effect on firm productivity, suggesting that market competition is key in an explanation of the rapid growth of big cities in China.     

Backcasting energy futures using industrial ecology

Backcasting has been widely used for developing energy futures. This paper explores the potential for using industrial ecology to guide the development of energy futures within a backcasting framework. Building on the backcasting work of Robinson [1], a seven step method is presented to embed industrial ecology principles within the development and assessment of future scenarios and transition paths toward them. The approach is applied to the case of backcasting regional energy futures in the Latrobe Valley, near Melbourne, Australia. This region has substantial brown coal deposits which are currently mined and used in coal-fired power stations to generate electricity. Bounded by a sustainability vision for the region in a carbon-constrained world, regional industrial ecologies in 2050 were backcast around three themes: bio-industries and renewables (no coal usage); electricity from coal with carbon capture and storage (low to high coal usage); and coal to products such as hydrogen, ammonia, diesel, methanol, plastics and char (demonstrating medium to high overall coal use relative to current levels). Potential environmental, technological, socio-political and economic impacts of each scenario across various life cycle stages were characterised. Results offer a platform for regional policy development to underpin deliberation on a preferred future by the community, industry and other stakeholders. Industrial ecology principles were found to be useful in backcasting for creatively articulating alternative futures featuring industrial symbiosis. However, enabling the approach to guide implementation of sustainable transition pathways requires further development and would benefit from integration within the Strategic Sustainable Development framework of Robèrt et al. [2].     

经济政策不确定性、区域经济复杂度与企业创新行为

构建包含宏观经济政策不确定性指标、区域经济复杂度和上市公司特征变量“宏观-区域-企业”的实证面板数据，在理论分析经济政策不确定性对企业创新行为作用机理的基础上，以区域经济复杂度为视角，对经济政策不确定性与企业创新行为作用机制进行再检验。研究发现：经济政策不确定性对企业创新存在正向激励综合效应，同时，区域经济复杂度不仅能够促进企业创新行为，而且能够强化经济政策不确定性对企业创新行为的影响即抑制负向作用而强化正向作用。考虑内生性，通过替换核心变量检验稳健性以保证研究结论可靠，并且，研究企业特征发现，高科技企业和非高科技企业存在差异。     

区域金融与贸易协同发展面临的困境与对策研究——以中国—东盟自由贸易区为例

当今世界各国都面临着国内经济增长乏力、对外贸易市场萎缩以及物价与失业率居高不下的局面,区域经济一体化成为了突破经济增长瓶颈、带动贸易与金融协同发展、实现产业经济转型升级的最佳途径。本文以中国-东盟自由贸易区作为例子,概括出自由贸易区发展现状,重点研究其发展困境,提出了解决这些困境的对策与建议。     

人力资本与区域全要素生产率分析

本文采用Malmquist指数分析了我国30个省级行政区1996—2003年的全要素生产率(TFP)增长,并将其分解为技术进步指数和效率变化指数。为了减少计算偏差,我们在使用承认无效率项存在的生产前沿技术的同时,引入了人力资本要素。本文的分析结果表明我国的人力资本水平增长迅速,30个省区的经济增长效率差距逐年扩大。同时我们发现在引入人力资本要素后,1996—2003年区域全要素生产率的增长得益于技术进步;如果不考虑人力资本存量,则低估了同期的效率提高程度,而高估了期间的技术进步指数。     

创新型企业柔性:区域差异与空间效应

根据创新型企业特点构建创新型企业柔性评价指标体系,基于突变级数法对2009-2015年我国内地30个省（自治区、直辖市）创新型企业柔性进行评价,并在此基础上探索区域创新型企业柔性的空间效应。实证结果显示：一方面,我国创新型企业柔性整体水平较高,但区域分布呈现“东高西低”的状况;另一方面,区域创新型企业柔性存在显著的空间效应,且空间相关性和空间异质性并存。最后,根据不同地区表现出来的空间效应,从政府和企业两个方面提出对策建议。