农村信用社区域性风险影响因素分析——基于面板数据Logit模型

本文基于Z省81家农村信用社2006～2012年数据,采用逐步回归法,筛选出7个关键性指标,并在此基础上建立起农村信用社区域性风险影响因素的面板数据Logit模型。结果显示:生产总值增长率、资本充足率、非利息收入比重、拨备覆盖率、净资产收益率、行业管理制度数的增加有助于降低农村信用社区域性风险,而贷款资产比的提高则会增加区域性风险。本文建议,应进一步关注农村信用社区域性风险,提升资本充足水平,推动农村信用社多元化发展,提升资产收益水平,发挥行业管理作用。     

中国绿色创新指数的分布动态演进与区域差异

研究目标:编制中国绿色创新指数,考察各区域指数的分布动态、区域差异及空间收敛特征。研究方法:建立绿色创新指数评价体系、采用时空极差熵权法赋权指标,利用世界知识产权组织绿色专利清单在线检索工具和采用爬虫技术检索、匹配、汇总国家知识产权局绿色专利数据,采用社会网络分析法(Social Network Analysis, SNA)测度绿色技术创新辐射力,采用Kernel估计分析绿色创新分布动态演进,采用Dagum基尼系数分解东中西绿色创新空间差距来源,采用空间杜宾模型考察绿色创新空间β条件收敛特征。研究发现:我国整体及东中西各地区绿色创新水平均呈总体上升趋势,源于绿色技术创新能力、绿色技术创新辐射力与绿色创新制度支撑力三者“携手并进”;绿色创新水平较高的城市集中分布于经济发达地区并具有较高行政级别特征,北京、深圳、上海、广州及主要省会城市稳居前列;我国整体及东中西地区核密度图均呈现“曲线右移、峰值先升后降、宽度收窄后扩大”的特征;东中西区域内部及区域间差异均呈逐渐下降趋势;绿色创新存在空间β条件收敛效应,且俱乐部收敛特征也较为显著,但在不同空间权重矩阵、不同地区样本中收敛速度存在差异。研究创...     

四螺旋参与度对技术转移及其效率的影响研究

从科研院所-政府-企业-中介平台四螺旋体系的角度研究了技术转移的效率问题。定义四螺旋在技术转移活动中的资源投入为四螺旋参与度,采用CCA/DEA方法研究了四螺旋参与度与技术转移产出效益的关系。研究表明,四螺旋参与度与技术转移产出效益显著正相关;整体水平上,四螺旋技术转移体系效率未达到最优规模效益,政府与企业的R&D经费投入存在浪费现象;科研院所的发明专利申请和科技论文产出对技术转移的促进作用最大;我国区域技术转移效率有待提高。最后,针对问题提出了相关改进措施。     

“互联网+制造”模式下产业政策比较研究

基于Rothwell和Zegveld政策工具,从国家顶层政策设计视角选取2012-2016年中国、德国、美国“互联网+制造”模式11项产业政策为分析样本,对比顶层政策的高效性、合理性。研究发现,人才培养仍然是各国政策的关注点,政府在产业发展过程中的引导角色至关重要,政策出台的连续性和稳定性比创新性更重要。最后,提出中国政府利用“互联网+制造”模式发展契机,通过细化顶层政策设计、建立制造和技术传承新范式等促进制造业良性发展的相关建议。     

我国区域经济政策与区域金融发展不平衡研究

改革开放以来,我国各地区金融发展呈现较大的不平衡性,一个重要的原因是我国金融发展是由政府特别是中央政府主导推动的。本文首先通过泰尔指数来描述区域金融发展的不平衡性,发现东、中、西和东北地区间及地区内均存在金融发展不平衡的问题,进而分析中央政府的财政、股票、利率等政策所带来的效应,发现区域政策会进一步加剧区域金融发展的不平衡性。     

中国现代服务业地理集聚时空演变特征研究

现代服务业集聚是伴随着城市功能结构的提升而逐渐发展起来的.文章以“现代服务业集聚”这一过程作为研究对象,将中国《国民经济行业分类》中涉及的14个服务行业的相关数据作为统计范围,利用产业集聚测度方法对中国现代服务业产业集聚指数进行测算,分析中国现代服务业及内部行业的集聚现状及发展趋势.结果表明:服务业区域集聚程度与行业内企业集聚程度存在不一致性,生产性服务业集聚地与制造业集聚地存在较强的相关性,至此生产型服务业集聚水平高于消费型服务业;中国现代服务业地理集聚的区域发展不平衡,区域资源禀赋对服务业集聚影响较大;伴随着服务业集聚的发展,促进产业扩散的离心力开始显现,部分服务业呈现出地理集聚分散的态势     

The impact of HRM practices on service quality,customer satisfaction and performance in the Indian hotel industry

This article reviews findings from a first survey of employers' views on collective bargaining reform that now forms the centrepiece of post-apartheid South Africa's experiment with 'democratic corporatism'. Using factor analysis, three constructs have been identified that inform employer attitudes to a revised system of sectoral bargaining: 'autonomous capacity'; 'conditional association'; 'external threat'. Despite the potential for anomie, these factors appear significant in the way they consistently explain an employer's orientation towards associational membership and, by proxy, sectoral bargaining. Moreover, at least two-thirds of responding firms identified strongly with each of the three factors but, typically, firms with weak capacity and in need of collective protection from the other actors are most likely to associate. Regression analysis further reveals company well-being, foreign ownership and union presence to have a significant impact on these three factors to varying degrees. Equally, two of the factors (autonomous capacity and external threat) impact significantly on an employer's tolerance of free-riding in others and on the temptation to do so for oneself. Overall, for this sample of firms, employer bodies are to be viewed more as 'political devices' than as 'economic agents' in the immediate aftermath of political liberation. In this sense, they are different from their European counter-parts. However, there is an increasing likelihood of this changing as the flexibility agenda looms ever larger in employers' minds and as issues of 'political insecurity' correspondingly fade.     

MIND THE GAP: UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE NEW EU REGIONS

Abstract.  The paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on regional unemployment during transition in Central and Eastern Europe. The focus is on optimal speed of transition (OST) models and on comparison of them with the neo-classical tradition. In the typical neo-classical models, spatial differences essentially arise as a consequence of supply side constraints and institutional rigidities. Slow-growth, high-unemployment regions are those with backward economic structures and constraints on factors mobility contribute to making differences persistent. However, such explanations leave the question unanswered of how unemployment differences arise in the first place. Economic transition provides an excellent testing ground to answer this question. Pre-figuring an empirical law, the OST literature finds that the high degree of labour turnover of high unemployment regions is associated with a high rate of industrial restructuring and, consequently, that low unemployment may be achieved by implementing transition more gradually. Moreover, international trade, foreign direct investment and various agglomeration factors help explain the success of capital cities compared to peripheral towns and rural areas in achieving low unemployment. The evidence of the empirical literature on supply side factors suggests that wage flexibility in Central and Eastern Europe is not lower than in other EU countries, while labour mobility seems to reinforce rather than change the spatial pattern of unemployment.     

不同产业研发投入对区域创新产出的影响

目前,我国经济发展水平存在一定区域间差距,对于发展程度不同地区,在不同产业增加研发投入对区域创新产出会产生不同影响。运用比较优势理论、动态比较优势理论并考虑吸收能力的调节作用,构建知识产出函数分别探讨在领先地区和追赶地区不同阶段内传统产业与高技术产业研发投入对于区域创新产出的影响。模型分析发现,传统产业研发投入在领先地区和追赶地区均有助于地区产业创新;高技术产业研发投入对领先地区创新产出一直有促进作用,在追赶地区仅在发展到一定程度后才有促进作用。〖JP〗     

区域一体化与城市创新：基于长三角扩容的准自然实验

随着我国城市进入都市圈发展的新时代,区域一体化对城市创新产生了广泛而深刻的影响。从创新资源流动整合、知识技术溢出和市场规模扩大等维度深入分析区域一体化对城市创新的潜在作用机制,将长三角扩容作为一项准自然实验,以2003-2018年中国内地283个地级市为样本数据,综合利用合成控制法和PSM-DID模型对两者关系进行实证检验。结果发现：①整体而言,长三角扩容能够显著促进城市创新水平提升。从不同区域看,长三角扩容对原位和新进城市创新水平均有显著促进作用,且对新进城市的影响大于原位城市;②异质性分析结果表明,扩容政策对科创走廊城市创新水平的提升作用强于非科创走廊城市,同时区域通达性改善也能够明显强化扩容对城市创新的政策效应;③扩容政策对城市创新的作用呈现出边际效应递减趋势。研究结论对推进长三角一体化发展、深化区域创新合作、建设长三角创新驱动示范带具有重要指导意义。