Relative deprivation, relative satisfaction, and attitudes towards immigrants: Evidence from Ukraine

This paper applies the concept of relative deprivation/satisfaction to studying the formation of attitudes towards immigrants. It finds that the feeling of group relative deprivation, as opposed to individual relative deprivation or satisfaction, adversely affects the attitudes of native-born, even when its potential endogeneity is taken into account. Furthermore, relative deprivation matters only for native-born who subjectively underestimate their well-being, but not for those who overestimate it. When considering other forms of native-born individuals’ perceived disadvantage, such as in terms of employment, access to education or medical facilities, there is weak evidence that only a perceived disadvantage in obtaining medical aid negatively affects attitudes.     

Who cares about relative status? A quantile approach to consumption of relative house size

I estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) to live in a house near neighbours with relatively smaller (or larger) houses using housing transaction data. I find that consumers in the 50^th and 75^th percentile are willing to pay the most for an increase in relative housing consumption while consumers in the lower percentiles and the highest percentile yield a smaller, and statistically insignificant, WTP. This gives evidence to popular media reports that the middle class values relative status the most.     

The Association between the Legal and Financial Reporting Environments and Forecast Performance of Individual Analysts*

We test the ability of analyst characteristics to explain relative forecast accuracy across legal origins (common law versus civil law). Common‐law countries generally have more effective corporate governance mechanisms, including stronger investor protection laws and inputs provided through higher‐quality financial reporting systems. In this type of environment, we predict that analysts with superior ability and resources in common‐law countries will more consistently outperform their peers because appropriate market‐based incentives exist. In civil‐law countries, where the demand for earnings information is reduced because of weaker corporate governance mechanisms and lower‐quality financial reporting, we predict that analysts with superior ability will less consistently provide superior forecasts. Results are consistent with our expectations and suggest an association between legal and financial reporting environments and analysts' forecast behavior.     

The cross-sectional effect of inflation on corporate investment and employment

This paper examines the cross-sectional effect of inflation on the investment and employment decisions. The paper shows that more heavily capitalized firms tend to have a greater reduction in the capital-labor ratio during an inflationary period. The paper also shows that firms with a higher cost of debt to wage ratios and a larger amount of depreciation shelter tend to use more labor in the inflationary period. Empirical results are generally consistent with these arguments. The authors wish to thank John Anderson, Jim Hodder, two anonymous referees and Cheng F. Lee, the Editor for their helpful comments. All remaining errors are ours.     

Across the threshold: Role of performance and compatibility in innovative new products' market penetration

Both academicians and practitioners agree that there exists a critical threshold to cross for an innovative new product to be able to achieve ultimate market penetration. In this article, the authors characterize the threshold as depending upon innovation characteristics: performance and compatibility, in particular. Based on the insights from evolutionary games, several numerical simulations are conducted to investigate how the critical threshold changes as each parameter representing the innovation characteristics undergoes a change. The analysis results confirm that relative advantage and compatibility are of critical influence in impacting the threshold and thus the successful market entry. Moreover, the effect size was different depending on the size of the firm's proprietary customer base. Based on the findings, discussion on new product design strategies for companies having different market positions (i.e., new start-up firms, established firms, and incumbent market leaders) is provided.     

审计证据相关性逻辑研究

审计证据的相关性是审计证据的基本属性,也是审计证据判断的重要标准。证据与待证事实没有相关关系,则会失去作为审计证据的资格。然而我国审计界对其研究却极少,目前还停留在相关性的定义上。审计实务中也多是运用经验来判断审计证据的相关程度,一般难以把握。本文拟运用概率逻辑的有关知识对证据与待证事实的相关强度及其影响因素等问题作初步的探讨,以期提供一种证据相关性研究、判断的科学方法。     

发挥我国产业静态比较优势与培育动态比较优势构想

我国的产业发展具有静态比较优势和动态比较优势。在知识经济条件下，发挥产业动态比较优势具有重要意义，因此应充分发挥静态比较优势，着力培育动态比较优势，以实现我国产业技术跨越的构想。     

论第三人利益合同

各国民法债权制度毫无例外地均强调合同相对性原则 ,但随着商品经济及社会不断向一体化的发展 ,近现代各国立法及判例对此已有突破 ,各国民法中产生了使合同的效力扩及于第三人 ,产生了第三人利益合同。借鉴两大法系对第三人利益的保护完善我国第三人利益合同的立法。     

基于微粒群算法的配送中心选址研究

作为挖掘现代企业利润源泉的突破口,配送在物流活动中占有举足轻重的地位。多网点配送中心选址是后续物流活动开展的首要条件,对于该问题的研究具有现实意义。由于微粒群算法的普适性、鲁棒性、全局搜索性等特点,在求解复杂问题中能够较好地体现其优越性。结合运筹学中的运输规划的思想,对复杂的数学模型进行了简化,并针对问题的特点构造了求解编码机制。根据文献资料,将其中的仿真数据进行了整合,使得数据具有一定的现实意义,并用微粒群算法进行求解,得到了较好的效果。     

相对贫困视角下农业保险减贫效应研究——基于2007-2019年中国30个省(区、市)的面板数据

我国已步入治理相对贫困的新阶段,在此背景下研究农业保险减缓相对贫困的影响效应,有助于发挥农业保险在相对贫困治理中的重要作用。本文基于2007-2019年全国30个省份的面板数据,采用普通面板回归模型、门槛回归模型和空间计量模型,在相对贫困视角下对农业保险减贫效应进行实证分析。研究发现:农业保险具有减缓相对贫困的作用,进一步分析发现该效应在全国层面和中西部地区显著,在东部地区不显著;农业保险对相对贫困存在基于农民人均可支配收入的双重门槛效应;农业保险减缓相对贫困存在显著的空间溢出效应,农业保险发展不仅能减缓本地区相对贫困,还能促进临近地区相对贫困减缓。因此,未来应推动农业保险高质量发展,注重农业保险发展的区域差异性及区域协同性。