西部地区金融发展与产业结构调整关系的实证研究—以甘肃省为例

本文通过建立向量自回归(VAR)模型,对甘肃省金融相关率FIR、金融效率FE和产业结构优化率ISR、产业结构升级率ISU之间的关系作实证研究,并通过脉冲响应函数和方差分解来观测金融发展与产业结构调整之间的动态影响及效果。结果表明:金融深化的提升对甘肃省产业结构优化和产业结构升级均具有正向推动作用,金融效率的提高只能促进产业结构升级;从长期来看金融发展对产业结构调整具有积极的促进作用。     

低碳经济背景下广西产业结构调整与银行业支持问题研究

以低碳经济为代表的新增长模式已日渐成为后危机时代全球经济复苏的＂曙光＂。当前,广西也面临产业结构调整的迫切任务,因此,在低碳经济背景下,研究如何通过金融的杠杆作用促进广西产业结构优化,支持经济结构转型升级,对实现广西经济的可持续发展有着重要的现实意义。本文在对广西近二十年来的产业结构发展以及银行业支持现状进行分析的基础上,建立回归模型验证银行信贷支持和产业结构变化之间的关系,提出低碳背景下银行业支持广西产业结构调整的主要思路。     

Restructuring of the Danish pork industry: The role of mergers and takeovers, 1960–2010

This article examines the origins and effects of the evolution of the Danish pork industry characterised by three main merger waves resulting in 43 realised mergers and takeovers. The findings illuminate – in contrast to the traditional strategically motivated rationale – that the majority of the mergers were realised by cooperatives due to the inability to give the pig farmers competitive yearly refunds vis-à-vis local competitors, to financial difficulties or to the lack of investment capability of one of the merging parties. Despite a high-risky strategy, mergers and takeovers became the preferred consolidation mean due to capital constrains and the ‘close’ ownership structure of the cooperatives. Moreover, the study demonstrates that the outcomes of the M&A activities were generally positive.     

Restructuring rural settlements based on subjective well-being (SWB): A case study in Hubei province,central China

Subjective well-being (SWB) has long been neglected in the process of rural settlements restructuring. In order to explore the possibility of integrating SWB in rural settlements restructuring, this paper verifies two hypotheses. The first hypothesis postulates that SWB is positively correlated with accessibility to facilities and services at a village scale. The second one suggests that SWB is positively related to the personal satisfaction level of demands in daily life at an individual scale. Verification of these hypotheses indicates the application of SWB into rural settlements restructuring and planning. This study uses self-reported SWB from a questionnaire-based survey to examine its correlates. Objective well-being (OWB) of every village was derived through comprehensive evaluation. The villages of the study area were classified into four categories based on OWB, namely, key, sub-key, general, and marginal villages. We calculated the spatial accessibility of key, sub-key, and general villages from land-cover types, transportation, vehicle choice and commuting time, given that well-developed villages are often equipped with good facilities and services. The correlations between SWB and OWB and between SWB and spatial accessibility were tested and compared using crosstabs analysis and chi-square test. The drivers of SWB were identified using an ordinary least squares regression model. Results show that SWB is more positively correlated to the spatial accessibility of developed villages than to the villages themselves in the context of meeting residents’ daily needs. Results also show positive relations between SWB and the satisfied level of local peoples’ daily activities including working, shopping, seeking medical care and visiting relatives or friends. Thus, we proposed the relocation of rural settlements with poor access to main villages to good service areas. The proposed restructuring method combines SWB and OWB, and aims at increasing the quality of life of rural residents. This study contributes to the understanding of rural SWB and proposes a new perspective on restructuring rural settlements.     

资源型企业重组中的委托代理关系研究

随着我国资源型企业的兼并重组,企业的规模不断扩大,经营者在企业经营管理活动中发挥的作用日益重要。规模扩大后的资源型企业不可能直接管理和经营自己的公司,需要通过层层委托代理关系,来实现自身产权的管理和经营。在此情况下,下属企业的所有权和经营权逐步分离,在资源型企业和子公司经营者之间就形成了委托代理关系。研究资源型企业对下属各子公司经营者的绩效考核,对我国资源型企业重组的深入和资源型企业的发展有着重要的现实意义。本文运用博弈论的分析方法,研究了资源型企业重组过程中的委托代理关系问题。研究结果表明,资源型企业是否选择对子公司经营者进行监督主要受监督成本、代理成本和惩罚成本的影响。最后,通过实证研究对博弈结果进行了检验,表明监督成本和惩罚成本与企业的监督倾向负相关,而代理成本与资源型企业的监督倾向正相关。     

美国产业结构的调整与贸易逆差

美国贸易逆差问题一直是学者们关注的焦点。众多学者对美国贸易逆差产生的原因提出了不同的解释。本文认为美国贸易逆差的持续扩大是其实体经济结构不断调整的外部反映,美国服务业占国民经济比重的不断提高是其贸易逆差持续扩大的深层次根源。服务业所占比重的提高一方面增加了美国对制造业产品的进口;另一方面也大大削弱了其产品出口能力。与服务业所占比重提高相伴随的是制造业向海外的转移,而这种产业转移也在一定程度上导致了美国贸易逆差。本文进一步利用实证分析方法检验了以上观点。     

Acquisitions of bankrupt assets

Buyers of bankrupt assets could be penalized because of uncertainty about the value of such assets given their poor performance, and the absence of a guarantee offered by bankrupt estates. On the other hand, they could be rewarded if imperfections in the market for bankrupt assets result in deep discounts. In this paper, we assess 314 acquisitions of bankrupt assets over the period 1985–2006. We find that firms that acquire bankrupt assets experience significant positive valuation effects, suggesting that the market for bankrupt assets is imperfect. Second, the valuation effects are especially favorable when the acquisition is only of selected assets, and when the buyer is in the same industry as the bankrupt firm. No evidence of long run abnormal returns (above and beyond the initial valuation effects) is found for firms that acquire bankrupt assets.     

Spanish credit institutions: do efficiency and solvency support the first decisions on bank restructuring from a financial point of view 2008-2012?

The restructuring processes of the Spanish financial entities over the last years has led us to analyze financially how efficiency and solvency of banks and savings banks explain the decisions of incorporation and control of these entities. We analyze 51 Spanish financial entities for the period 2008-2012. The results show higher solvency and efficiency of banks over savings banks. On the other hand, after the first integrations it is observed that it is still early for these ratios to improve on the results obtained by the entities before the integrations. However, from the financial point of view, these integrations do explain how correct the start-up and intensification of the restructuring processes were. There are some exceptions to the global criteria, which are explained by the size, strength and structure of the business and the closeness of its financial management scope to the area and business structure of the bigger banking groups.     

中国大城市职住分离现象及其特征——以北京市为例

以北京为案例城市,基于2007年对北京市内600户家庭的问卷调查数据,以居住地和就业地之间的直线距离--职住距离(job-housing distance) 为职住分离程度的测度指标,描述了北京市职住分离格局,除社会经济属性外,重点比较了不同居住社区类型、住房产权属性、居住搬迁年份的居民的职住分离程度,以期反映影响居民就业可迭性的制度性和结构性因素.     

国有企业公司制改革效率的实证分析

本文利用2001年山东省第二次基本单位普查工业企业数据资料,对国有企业公司制改革的效率变化进行实证分析。分析的结论是,国有企业公司制改革后的效率都有较为明显的提高,但不同经济类型公司的效率差异很大;在影响国企改制效率的因素中,企业经济类型的改变作用最大;决定公司经济类型的两个因素———资本构成和投资主体的差异都会显著影响改制效率。本文对分析结果进行了简要的讨论,认为提高国企改制效率的关键在于把国有企业改造成为真正独立的市场主体,根本途径在于降低国家资本的比重。