银行授信资产组合优化决策模型与求解

我国商业银行信贷资产占全部资产的70%以上,信贷风险是银行最主要、最直接的风险。因此,研究信贷风险控制模型,并给出简单有效的风险计算方法,为信贷部门提供辅助决策支持,对降低银行不良资产率,提高经营效益具有重要的意义。     

刍议企业信用

市场经济是中国社会主义经济发展的必由之路,而企业的信用是市场经济的枢纽。随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展,诚信的作用越来越重要,而我国目前信用缺失现象却日益严重。对我国企业在市场经济条件下,信用缺失原因进行分析,从而提出加快建立信用法律体系,加强执法力度;严厉打击地方保护主义;加强道德教育,营造全社会信用意识;经营者树立诚信经营的伦理观,加强企业自身信用建设;加强企业信用管理,建设信用评估机构,提出企业信用建设的相应对策与建议。     

农户的金融需求及其解决途径——焦作市农户金融需求调查

通过对焦作市农户金融需求状况调查发现,农户对正规金融的融资意愿和承受能力偏低,满足其金融需求的方式主要是非正规金融。因此,地方政府和金融监管部门对非正规金融应积极引导,加强监管。而作为担当“支农主力军”角色的农村信用社应充分利用天时、地利、人和的优势,不断增加新的金融产品和金融服务,加强客户细分和市场营销工作,以满足农民多样化的金融需求。     

我国家庭信贷状况研究：基于CHFS微观数据的分析

文章利用中国家庭金融调查2013年发布的调查数据,分别构建非参数次序probit模型和Heckman模型检验了影响城乡家庭信贷约束状况和贷款可得性的相关因素。结果表明,户主受教育程度和家庭收入水平提高、家庭资产规模增加等都能缓解家庭的信贷约束,户主的党员身份、大学以上的受教育程度以及家庭资产规模等能提高家庭的贷款可得性,户主年龄、风险偏好等变量对家庭信贷规模的边际效应显著为负,而尽管城市家庭和东部地区家庭获得的贷款支持更多,但是城市家庭和东部地区家庭还是面临着更大信贷约束。     

A hybrid information approach to predict corporate credit risk

This study proposes a hybrid information approach to predict corporate credit risk. In contrast to the previous literature that debates which credit risk model is the best, we pool information from a diverse set of structural and reduced‐form models to produce a model combination based on credit risk prediction. Compared with each single model, the pooled strategies yield consistently lower average risk prediction errors over time. We also find that while the reduced‐form models contribute more in the pooled strategies for speculative‐grade names and longer maturities, the structural models have higher weights for shorter maturities and investment grade names.     

MODELING SOVEREIGN RISKS: FROM A HYBRID MODEL TO THE GENERALIZED DENSITY APPROACH

Motivated by the European sovereign debt crisis, we propose a hybrid sovereign default model that combines an accessible part taking into account the evolution of the sovereign solvency and the impact of critical political events, and a totally inaccessible part for the idiosyncratic credit risk. We obtain closed‐form formulas for the probability that the default occurs at critical political dates in a Markovian setting. Moreover, we introduce a generalized density framework for the hybrid default time and deduce the compensator process of default. Finally, we apply the hybrid model and the generalized density to the valuation of sovereign bonds and explain the significant jumps in long‐term government bond yields during the sovereign crisis.     

Capital buffer and credit‐risk adjustments in Islamic and conventional banks

The main purpose of this article is to empirically investigate the interactions between changes in capital buffer and changes in credit risk, using panel data of Islamic and conventional banks located in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region over the period 1999–2016. A negative two‐way relationship between the changes in capital buffer and the changes in credit risk is found for the two types of banks, that is, banks tend to decrease their capital buffers in response to an increase in risk exposure and limit their risky activities in response to an increase in their capital buffers. Dividing our period of study into three subperiods to assess the effect of the last financial crisis 2007–08 on the adjustment process, we point out the negative bidirectional relationship between the changes in capital buffer and the changes in credit risk of the two types of banks is present for the three subperiods except the case of conventional banks during the precrisis period. Moreover, we provide evidence that Islamic banks adjust their capital buffer in response to the changes in credit risk regardless of the existence or not of a deposit insurance scheme. In contrast, the negative two‐way relationship between the changes in capital buffer and the changes in credit risk in conventional banks is found only in countries without deposit insurance schemes.     

健全我国企业环保信用评价法律制度的正当性面向

《环境保护法》等环境法律体系日渐趋同的多元共治理念,渗透并引发环境法律制度体系的结构性转型;国内环境信息公开制度保障公众环境知情权的核心功能不能容纳企业环保信用评价制度的制度功能;信用制度与信息制度错序产生的国内外法治及社会环境迥异等,决定了我国企业环保信用评价制度健全的正当性面向。     

旅蒙晋商明清时代开发蒙古市场研究

在经济文化落后的地区做生意,总是要遇到许多困难的,如何在硬通货缺乏的情况下达成买卖双方满意的协议;如何在交通、通讯落后,社会安全系数很低的情况下纵横数万里,将易掉膘、易死亡,需要粮草和人工饲养的牛马羊等活资产顺利地运到内地;如何适应蒙古牧民的流动式生活,开展流动贸易;如何在蒙古牧民生活水平低、信用度不高的情况下开展赊欠业务。旅蒙晋商成功地解决了这些问题,并使蒙古地区变为自己巩固的战略大后方。