企业外派人员甄选的灰色关联度评价模型及实证研究

随着企业经营的全球化和国际化,外派人员管理已成为企业人力资源管理的关键问题,然而,外派人员管理目前仍然存在诸多问题,作为外派首要环节的人员甄选问题首当其冲,科学地选择外派人员,是目前外派管理亟待解决的问题。论文在文献研究的基础上筛选了外派人员甄选的评价标准,以灰色系统理论为基础构建了外派人员甄选的灰色关联度评价模型。实证结果表明,该评价模型可以较科学地对外派人员甄选进行评价。     

地方政府规模与结构的理论透视

地方政府规模与结构问题是当前公共管理学研究的重点。本文在简单论述地方政府规模与结构的含义及内在逻辑关系的基础上,分析了地方政府规模与结构的影响因素,并结合当前实际,提出了地方政府规模与结构优化的路径选择是进行大部制改革。     

股权分置改革中的逆向选择问题研究

本文通过建立均衡对价模型,并构造ASI指数测算出股改中逆向选择的程度,研究了非流通股比例、股改前非流通股和流通股价值的相对差异、公司业绩、股改时段四个因素与逆向选择程度之间的关系。从股权集中和流通性折价切入,解释了前两个因素与逆向选择程度间的关系。通过行为金融学的理论,分析了非流通股股东如何利用流通股股东的非理性心理,解释了公司业绩良莠、股改阶段差异与逆向选择程度变化之间的关系。     

资本项目可兑换的现实路径选择

资本项目可兑换是经济全球化、金融全球化的必然趋势，也是中国发展经济、提升国际竞争力的必然选择。目前，我国国际收支顺差波动加大、外汇储备创历史新高、人民币汇率双向波动增强，如何在当前经济形势下稳步推进资本项目可兑换，促进国际收支基本平衡是外汇管理面临的严峻问题。本文在对我国资本项目可兑换发展现状和我国资本项目可兑换现实条件分析的基础上，提出了实现资本项目可兑换的路径选择。     

IV估计的最优工具变量选取方法

IV估计的有限样本性质对工具变量的选取十分敏感,尤其是存在弱工具变量的情形。本文在Donald和Newey(2001)的基础上研究了常用的IV估计———2SLS的最优工具变量选取方法。首先通过对2SLS估计量进行Nagar分解,从理论上推导出估计量的近似MSE表达式;根据这一表达式,提出IV估计的最优工具变量选取准则,并证明选取准则的渐近有效性。模拟结果表明,本文提出的工具变量选取准则能够极大地改善2SLS估计量的有限样本表现。本研究为实证中面临的工具变量选择问题提供了理论依据。     

股权结构、治理结构与审计师选聘——基于委托代理理论的实证考察

本文以委托代理理论为基础,选择2002年深圳股市的484家上市公司为样本,考察了大股东控制的公司审计师选择行为。结果发现第一大股东持股比例越高,就越不聘请国际“四大”会计师事务所的境内合作所,以便实施其掏空行为;而设立审计委员会可以在一定程度上遏制大股东的审计师选择偏好;如果第一大股东是外资股,则更可能聘请国际“四大”会计师事务所的境内合作所,以求降低其代理成本。     

均值方差偏好和下方风险控制下的动态投资组合决策模型

本文在均值方差框架下，研究了下方风险控制下的动态投资组合问题。在目标函数中考虑了投资组合的最坏结果，利用标准的期权定价理论，给出了最优投资策略的解析式。该投资策略等价于一个关于“资产”最小二阶矩组合的欧式看跌期权和无风险资产的组合，而且两基金分离定理仍然成立。     

Entrepreneurship and regional growth: an evolutionary interpretation

While the neoclassical growth theory considered economic growth as a process of mere accumulation of production capital, the endogenous growth theory shifted the lens to the importance of knowledge in the production process and its potential to create spillovers. We argue in this paper that there is a gap between knowledge and exploitable knowledge or economic knowledge. Economic knowledge emerges from a selection process across the generally available body of knowledge, actively driven by economic agents. This paper suggests that entrepreneurship is an important mechanism in driving that selection process hence in creating diversity of knowledge, which in turn serves as a mechanism facilitating the spillover of knowledge. We provide empirical evidence that regions with higher levels of entrepreneurship indeed exhibit stronger growth in labor productivity.JEL Classification: M13, O32, O47 Correspondence to: David B. AudretschWe are grateful to the ZEW in Mannheim for research support and to the German Science Foundation (DFG) for financial support under research grant number STA 169/10-2. We are indebted to two anonymous referees and the editor of the special issue for their helpful comments.     

Higher selection processes in evolutionary economic change

Virtually all models of economic change are based on a Darwinian picture of a world where change is gradual, smooth, and where economic survival depends on being more efficient. This paper, drawing from current controversies in evolutionary biology, presents a broader interpretation of evolutionary change in which competitive selection is only one possible reason for economic survival. Economic change is presented as a hierarchical process. At one level, change takes place through the accumulation of small changes based on competitive selection at the margin, as described by standard economic theory. At higher levels, survival depends on processes over which the agent being selected has no control.This paper was written while the author was a visiting researcher at the Institute for Economic Research (IFO) in Munich. Support from the German Academic Exchange Service is gratefully acknowledged. Helpful discussions and comments were contributed by Paul Hohenberg, Joel Mokyr, Lothar Scholz, and James Stodder.