Social Media,Social Me: A Content Analysis of Beauty Companies’ Use of Facebook in Marketing and Branding

This paper initiated an investigation on how beauty brands employ social media, particularly Facebook, to increase brand awareness and reinforce brand loyalty. It is no doubt that changes in the consumptive patterns of media have led companies to shift their focus from products to people and from information delivery to information exchange. Few studies, to our knowledge, exist that examine beauty brands and/or beauty companies’ use of social media as a means of engaging with or interacting with their current and potential consumers. Thus, the present study represented findings from a content analysis of Facebook posts from Estée Lauder, MAC cosmetics, Clinique, L’Oreal, Maybelline, and CoverGirl to see what types of social media tools were used more frequently by these brands to connect with their fans and users. Specifically, the study focused on the theoretical and practical implications of viral marketing in the branding strategies of the six beauty and/or makeup brands. Additionally, the study examined the way “high-end” brands used Facebook compared to the department store counterparts. These and other findings are discussed.     

新冠肺炎疫情全球爆发下宁波纺织服装外贸企业面临的困境与对策建议

新冠疫情全球爆发导致国际市场需求暂停,中国纺织服装外贸企业受到严重冲击。本文以宁波为例,分析纺织服装外贸企业因疫情而面临的困境和挑战,探讨外贸企业疫情下的对策建议。     

Healthcare costs and resource utilization in patients with severe aplastic anemia in the US

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs for patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) using US claims data.

Methods: This retrospective, observational database study analyzed claims data from the Truven MarketScan databases. SAA patients aged ≥2?years identified between 2014 and 2017 who were continuously enrolled for 6?months before their first SAA treatment or blood transfusion, with a ≥6-month follow-up, were included. Baseline demographics and comorbidities were evaluated. Monthly all-cause and SAA-related HCRU and direct costs in the follow-up period were analyzed and differences were presented for all patients and across age groups.

Results: With an average follow-up period of 21.5?months, 939 patients were included in the study. Monthly all-cause and SAA-related HCRU [mean (SD)] were 1.65 days (2.61 days) and 0.18 days (0.70 days) for length of stay, 0.18 (0.23) and 0.01 (0.04) for hospital admissions, 0.25 (0.30) and 0.02 (0.07) for ER visits, 2.24 (1.40) and 0.46 (0.99) for office visits, and 2.90 (2.64) and 0.55 (1.31) for outpatient visits, respectively. On average, SAA patients received 0.15 (0.57) blood transfusions per month. Mean monthly all-cause direct costs were $28,280 USD ($36,127) [US dollars, mean (SD)]. Direct costs related to admissions were $11,433 USD (SD $25,040), followed by $624 USD ($1,703) for ER visits, $528 USD ($694) for office visits, $7,615 USD ($13,273) for outpatient visits, and $5,998 USD ($11,461) for pharmacy expenses. Monthly SAA-related direct costs averaged $7,884 USD (SD $16,254); of these costs, $1,608 USD ($7,774) were from admissions, $47 USD ($257) from ER visits, $127 USD ($374) from office visits, $1,462 USD ($4,994) from outpatient visits, and $4,451 USD ($10,552) from pharmacy expenses.

Conclusion: SAA is associated with high economic burden, with costs comparable to blood malignancies, implying that US health plans should consider appropriately managing SAA while constraining the total healthcare costs when making formulary decisions.     

原子力显微镜观察新布尼亚病毒HB29株结果的初步分析

[目的]利用原子力显微镜对新布尼亚病毒进行观察。[方法]超速离心制备新布尼亚病毒HB29株,采用磷钨酸负染透射电子显微镜进行观察;制备新布尼亚病毒的原子力显微镜样片,在此基础上对病毒进行原子力显微镜观察,采用轻敲模式在大气常温下进行扫描成像。[结果]透射电子显微镜观察到新布尼亚病毒球形病毒粒子,并提供病毒二维图像,可见刺突结构;原子力显微镜则呈现了新布尼亚病毒三维图像,且可见病毒表面有凹凸不平的特征和边缘不平滑,同时获得表面粗糙度等可量化指标。两种方法最终得到相似的形态学结果。[结论]利用原子力显微镜首次观察到新布尼亚病毒的三维形态结构,与透射电镜观察相比,原子力显微镜是一种制样简单,观察直观的新型病毒形态学研究工具。     

血必净注射液联合人免疫球蛋白治疗重症病毒性肺炎患者的临床效果

目的探讨血必净注射液联合人免疫球蛋白治疗重症病毒性肺炎患者的临床效果。方法选取2018年10月至2020年1月沈阳市第五人民医院收治的113例重症病毒性肺炎患者作为研究对象,将所有患者按照入院序号,单号入观察组,双号入对照组。对照组患者进行纠正电解质紊乱、呼吸辅助治疗等常规治疗基础上给予人免疫球蛋白静脉注射,观察组在对照组基础上采用血必净注射液治疗。比较两组炎症介质、免疫功能指标、不适症状消失时间。结果两组患者治疗前白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组IgG、IgM升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者发热消失时间、气喘消失时间、咳嗽消失时间、乏力缓解时间、病毒核酸转阴时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对重症病毒性肺炎患者使用人免疫球蛋白与血必净进行联合治疗,能调节免疫功能,减轻炎症反应,快速缓解不适症状,疗效确切。     

旅游行业危机管理的作用及机制浅析

2020年新冠肺炎疫情的暴发和蔓延对旅游行业形成了巨大冲击。文章对旅游行业的突发危机事件的含义和形成原因进行了阐述,针对旅游行业提出了危机管理的作用,并为旅游行业危机管理机制的建立与完善提出了思考:政府部门需要建立旅游危机的常态化管理,形成并完善危机事件信息发布机制,及时扶持受危机事件影响的相关旅游企业;旅游行业需要增强危机管理意识,建立旅游危机应对机制,主动关注和对接危机下的扶持政策,以及融合数字经济,创新经营模式。     

血必净联合利奈唑胺对重症肺炎患者血清学指标及细菌清除率的影响

目的探讨血必净联合利奈唑胺对重症肺炎患者血清学指标及细菌清除率的影响。方法选取2017年3月至2020年1月辽宁省健康产业集团阜新矿总医院收治的86例重症肺炎患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为试验组与对照组,各43例。对照组行利奈唑胺治疗,试验组加用血必净治疗,连续治疗14 d。比较两组临床疗效、细菌清除率、血清学指标及不良反应发生率。结果试验组治疗有效率、细菌清除率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组血清肺表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂2(TIMP-2)明显降低,且试验组SP-A、MMP-9、TIMP-2低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血必净联合利奈唑胺能改善重症肺炎患者临床症状,提高细菌清除率,降低血清SP-A、MMP-9、TIMP-2水平,不会增加不良反应,安全性高。