中国的所有制结构与区域劳动生产率收敛

基于2001~2017年中国工业分企业所有制-分地区-分行业的面板数据，利用相对劳动生产率和变异系数指标对全国和分区域的国有企业、私营企业、外商和港澳台企业的劳动生产率增长和收敛性进行描述性分析，并运用双向固定效应模型对其进行计量检验。结果显示：从全国范围来看，三类所有制结构的劳动生产率均呈现显著的绝对收敛和条件收敛，但是收敛速度呈现差异。其中，私营企业收敛速度最快，外商和港澳台企业次之，国有企业收敛速度最慢。分区域来看，东北和西部收敛速度相对较快，中部次之，而沿海三类所有制结构的劳动生产率收敛速度均较慢。因此，政府应进一步从深化国有企业改革、鼓励非公有制经济发展和完善市场竞争等方面努力，有助于缩小区域发展差距和促进所有制结构的收敛，从而带动整体经济的收敛。     

Autocatalytic Growth and Development and the South-North Convergence

Abstract:

This article engages with the issue of income convergence between North and South by using the autocatalytic hypothesis of growth and development. Two system models describe positive and negative feedback loops which govern economic flows between North and South. The analysis of endogenous and exogenous negative feedbacks points to the process that would slowly push the world economy towards vanishing growth rates and, eventually, halt its material growth. The present work rejects convergence in per capita GDP between North and South from the theoretical perspective. Such an outcome would stand against one of the fundamental properties of autocatalytic dynamics—centripetality— that has its causal roots in the competitive process and capitalist institutions. In that sense, the autocatalytic hypothesis provides a theoretical explanation for those empirical analyses that dismisses convergence.     

The emergence of convergent price clusters in China

This paper reports new evidence on the existence of both large and small price divergent clusters for China's energy markets, 2000–2009. The largest convergent price clusters suggest that the coal and gasoline markets are well integrated, however, small convergent price clusters suggest that electricity and diesel markets are proving harder to integrate. The paper argues that the traditional approach to price convergence analysis should be applied with caution, especially in a transitional economy such as China where questions to be asked should relate to the ‘degree of market‐orientation’ and not simply whether it is a market‐based economy or not.     

Economic convergence: Policy implications from a heterogeneous agent model

In this paper we study the effectiveness of different types of cohesion policies with respect to convergence of regions. A two-region agent-based macroeconomic model is used to analyze short-, medium- and long-term effects of policies improving human capital and fostering adoption of technologies in lagging regions. With fully integrated labor markets the human capital policy positively affects the economically stronger region but reduces production in the targeted weaker region. Subsidies for high technology investment in the weaker region have a positive local output effect and a negative effect on the neighboring region, thereby fostering convergence. When labor markets are not integrated both policies support convergence.     

Technology fusion: Identification and analysis of the drivers of technology convergence using patent data

The concepts of technology convergence or technology fusion describe the phenomenon of technology overlap. Despite evidence of the higher value associated to interdisciplinary research and cross-industry innovation, few studies have investigated the characteristics of technology fusion based on patent data. This study identifies new cases of convergence relying on the International Patent Classification (IPC) of patents filed at the European Patent Office between 1991 and 2007: the first occurrence of a patent incorporating a combination of IPC subclasses signals a new instance of fusion. Duration models are employed to investigate the impact of field level characteristics derived from patent bibliometrics on the likelihood of identifying a new fusion. The results show that merges are more frequent if the focal technology fields are closely related (based on a higher number of cross citations), are characterized by wide technological scope, and are the result of an inter-firm collaboration. In contrast to previous findings, the results show that the more complex the technologies involved, the less the likelihood of their convergence or fusion. The correlation between fusion likelihood and the characteristics of the merging fields could help managers and policymakers to predict the emergence of new technology areas.     

BEHAVIORAL PORTFOLIO SELECTION: ASYMPTOTICS AND STABILITY ALONG A SEQUENCE OF MODELS

We consider a sequence of financial markets that converges weakly in a suitable sense and maximize a behavioral preference functional in each market. For expected concave utilities, it is well known that the maximal expected utilities and the corresponding final positions converge to the corresponding quantities in the limit model. We prove similar results for nonconcave utilities and distorted expectations as employed in behavioral finance, and we illustrate by a counterexample that these results require a stronger notion of convergence of the underlying models compared to the concave utility maximization. We use the results to analyze the stability of behavioral portfolio selection problems and to provide numerically tractable methods to solve such problems in complete continuous‐time models.     

A Generalized Nash Equilibrium network model for post-disaster humanitarian relief

We develop a Generalized Nash Equilibrium network model for post-disaster humanitarian relief by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). NGOs derive utility from providing relief supplies to victims of the disaster at demand points in a supply chain context while competing with each other for financial funds provided by donations. The shared constraints consist of lower and upper bounds for demand for relief items at the demand points to reduce materiel convergence or congestion. This game theory problem is reformulated as an optimization problem and numerical examples and a theoretical case study on Hurricane Katrina given.     

高管连锁网络与股价同步性

本文以2009—2018年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,考察了高管连锁网络对公司股价同步性的影响。研究发现：高管连锁网络会提高公司的股价同步性,处于高管连锁网络越中心位置的上市公司,其股价同步性越高;从趋同性和信息透明度两个方面进一步分析高管连锁网络对股价同步性的作用机制,发现高管连锁网络并非通过降低公司透明度这一途径对股价同步性产生影响,而是因为连锁高管加强了上市公司间的行为学习、信息和资源的共享,促使公司间基础特征趋同,进而提高了公司的股价同步性;根据联结类型的不同将高管连锁网络划分为董事网络、监事网络和高管网络,实证结果表明高管网络对股价同步性的提升效应最大,董事网络次之,监事网络对股价同步性无显著影响;区分产权性质和法治环境后发现,在国有企业和所处法治环境较差的企业中,高管连锁网络提高股价同步性的效应更显著。研究结论为提升资本市场信息效率提供了理论支撑。     

会计准则国际趋同问题研究:回顾与展望

文章系统回顾了国内外关于会计准则国际趋同的概念、路径、策略及其影响的研究成果,明确了相关研究对于评价我国会计准则国际趋同路径与策略选择的参考价值,指出我国会计准则国际趋同问题进一步研究的重点方向与研究的理论和现实意义。     

产业结构趋同背景下的行政地区垄断探析

生产要素能够在同一市场中自由流通是市场经济的内在要求,行政地区垄断无疑阻碍了市场经济的发展。行政地区垄断总是与地方政府的利益联系着,产业结构趋同迫使地方政府为了地方利益最大化滥用行政权力限制市场竞争,产业结构趋同能够催生出行政地区垄断。同时由于我国反垄断法律制度的不完善和对行政地区垄断的打击力度相对不足,在客观上纵容了行政地区垄断。解决产业结构趋同背景下的行政地区垄断之道是创新法律制度,即建立诱导地方政府发展地方优势产业的克拉克机制和加强打击行政地区垄断的省际诉讼模式。