Out of control or right on the money? Funder self-efficacy and crowd bias in equity crowdfunding

Our findings extend the entrepreneurship literature by highlighting the mechanism through which self-efficacy can hinder rather than enhance performance in entrepreneurial settings. Using two complementary experimental studies and a third quasi-experimental field study on equity crowdfunding decisions, we demonstrate that self-efficacy is negatively related to decision-making performance. This relationship is mediated by reduced searching effort. Our research also indicates that high self-efficacy funders tend to exhibit a “crowd bias” whereby they over-weight the opinions of the crowd, increasing the likelihood that they will fund poor quality ventures when such ventures are favored by the crowd. We introduce the term crowd bias and explore its effects, establishing that social indicators in the form of crowd cues can exasperate the negative effects of self-efficacy.     

Knocking at the gate: The path to publication for entrepreneurship experiments through the lens of gatekeeping theory

We draw on gatekeeping theory to explore the individual and routine-level criticisms that entrepreneurship experimentalists receive during the review process. Using a multi-study approach, we categorize common gatekeeping themes and present illustrative critiques derived from a unique sample of decision letters and a supplemental survey of entrepreneurship editors. In combination, we extend gatekeeping theory by considering how it applies to the scholarly domain, contribute to the literature by exploring an alternative theoretical explanation as to why entrepreneurship experiments might fail to survive the review process, and finally, provide contextualized recommendations for authors and reviewers of experimental research.     

Consumers' reaction to fair trade motivated price increases

Consumer perception of price increases and their reactions are a topic of great relevance for marketing research and practice. We investigate consumers' acceptance of price increases justified by higher costs due to company's corporate socially responsible activities by conducting two experimental studies. In the first study we examine perceived fairness and intentions following a price increase justified by a fair trade commitment. To assess the green attitude–behavior gap in consumer behavior our second study incorporates a real world experiment to explore actual consumer behavior against stated intentions. Our investigation adds nuance to our understanding of the effects of corporate social responsibility on consumer response to price increases. Our results reveal that a price increase due to a fair trade commitment is perceived as fair and does not have a negative impact on purchase behavior. We contrast our findings with a price increase due to higher taxes and due to profit increase. Our results demonstrate that fair trade justified price increases can skim twice the amount compared to tax justified increases. Furthermore, consumers' actual buying behavior reveals no difference to their stated intentions. Hence, prior research proclaiming an attitude–behavior gap in the context of consumers' socially responsible buying behavior has to be called into question.     

小仰角下移动卫星通信性能的改善及仿真

移动卫星通信系统为功率受限系统,相对地面移动通信而言,其链路余量较小,而且由于多径及遮蔽效应,当系统工作在小仰角时,其信号衰落可达到30dB,这对系统的设计提出了严峻的挑战。本文研究了信道编码和交织技术在移动卫星通信系统中的应用。通过仿真,得到了应用该技术对不同仰角特别是小仰角条件下系统性能的改善程度。同时,在研究信道相关的基础上,给出了交织相关参数的设计准则。     

MIL-STD 188-220C协议中的NAD算法

M IL-STD 188-220C是军用分组无线电C4I系统之间的互操作标准。协议的流量控制采用5种不同的网络访问延迟(Network Access Delay,NAD)算法实现。为解决不同NAD算法之间如何选择的问题,基于战术互联网应用环境,采用了网络仿真的方法,对协议进行了分析比较,在信道吞吐量、端到端时延、对信息优先级的支持、节点公平性和实现复杂性等方面,得出了不同NAD算法的性能和特点。这些结论对于协议的应用和改进都有一定的参考意义。     

电子商务实验教学体系的规范构建

电子商务实验教学体系构建的完整性和科学性,直接影响到学生的培养质量和未来就业。教育部《普通高等学校电子商务本科专业知识体系》的推出,为电子商务实验教学体系的规范构建奠定了基础。跟踪电子商务发展和社会需求,分析电子商务实验教学体系的结构,研究电子商务实验教学体系的内容,探索电子商务实验教学体系的实施,对培养复合型电子商务专业人才具有重要的现实意义。     

对外开放与中国制造业区域集聚:机理分析与实证检验

本文在总揽国内外现有研究文献的基础上,对对外开放与制造业区域集聚的命题进行了系统梳理,鉴别出了对外开放促进制造业区域集聚的三个机制,分别为制度转型机制、技术溢出机制和基础设施机制,由此构建了一个机理系统。利用中国现实数据对上述机制进行的经验检验表明,对外开放主要通过制度转型机制和基础设施机制来对中国制造业区域集聚发生作用,技术溢出机制尚未显现。在此基础上的实验模拟显示,不同作用机制下,对外开放对不同地区制造业集聚的作用存在明显差异,而且这种差异随着对外开放度的提高呈现出发散态势。     

The Impact of Creativity Training on an Accounting Negotiation

There is renewed interest in the factors that affect negotiations, as they are a significant part of organizational life. While we understand that there are many barriers to effectively reaching optimal solutions in a negotiation, we are still unclear as to the means by which to meet this goal. In this paper, we offer creativity training as a possible antecedent to effective negotiation. Our results show that individuals trained to think creatively reached more integrative solutions or solutions that were mutually beneficial to all negotiation participants than individuals who did not receive creativity training. We discuss implications and future research.     

金融风险测量理论的进展

金融风险测量理论已经成为金融理论一个重要组成部分和研究方向,金融风险分析已经从过去定性的分析发展到运用先进数学模型进行定量的分析和研究。本文综述了金融风险测量理论的研究进展。     

Price-Matching Guarantees and Equilibrium Selection in a Homogenous Product Market: An Experimental Study

Price-matching guarantees have been alleged to sustain collusive prices in a homogenous product market. Theories in this literature also suggest that there exist multiple equilibria (i.e., a set of price equilibria between the competitive and the monopoly price) when all sellers adopt these guarantees in such a market. Theoretical prediction in this case fails to pin down the actual behavior of players a priori. This paper illustrates the essential role of controlled experiment in testing the collusive theory of price-matching guarantees and thereby shedding light on the embedded equilibrium selection problem. In particular, this paper studies two highly stylized market models, obtains testable predictions, and lays out the design of the controlled experiment. Results indicate that these guarantees facilitate collusion among sellers and thus solve the equilibrium selection problem considerably. I am grateful to Jim Cox, Martin Dufwenberg, Haimanti Bhattacharya, and the editor of this journal and the two referees for their suggestions. I thank seminar participants at the University of Arizona and North American Economic Science Association meeting at Tucson, 2003 for their helpful comments. A research grant from ESL, University of Arizona, for this project is gratefully acknowledged. I am solely responsible for any remaining errors and omissions.