Scaling the volatility of GDP growth rates

The distribution of shocks to GDP growth rates is found to be exponential rather than normal. Their standard deviation scales with GDP^β where β=−0.15±0.03. These macroeconomic results place restrictions on the microeconomic structure of interactions between agents.     

IPO performance and the size effect: Evidence for the US and Canada

This study provides new evidence on the interaction between firm size and IPO underpricing in the US and Canadian markets. We find a size effect on IPO underpricing in both Canada and the US, which is larger for Canadian firms. Canadian small firms show more underpricing than US small firms (19.32% vs. 13.87%). Large Canadian firms also exhibit more underpricing than their US counterparts over the sample period (12.83% vs. 10.09%). A size effect on performance is not apparent for holding periods beyond six months from the IPO in both countries, consistent with seasoning effects that reduce information asymmetries across firms over longer investment horizons.     

Interaction of size,book‐to‐market and momentum effects in Australia

This study seeks to disentangle the effects of size, book‐to‐market and momentum on returns. Initial results show that each characteristic has a role in explaining returns, but that there is interaction between size and momentum, as well as between size and book‐to‐market. Three key findings emerge. First, the size premium is the strongest, particularly in the loser portfolios. Second, the value premium is generally limited to the smallest portfolios. Third, the momentum premium is evident for the large‐ and middle‐sized portfolios, but loser stocks significantly outperform winner stocks in the smallest size portfolio. When these interactions are controlled with multivariate regression, we find a significant negative average relation between size and returns, a significant positive average relation between book‐to‐market and returns, and a significant positive average relation between momentum and returns.     

董事会规模、稳定性与公司绩效:理论与经验分析

董事会作为代表公司行使其法人财产权的必要会议体机关 ,处于公司内部治理结构的核心。规范和经验分析共同表明 ,董事会的专有特征会对其职能的行使发挥作用 ,进而对公司绩效产生影响。我们的经验分析证实了“董事会规模与公司绩效指标之间存在着倒U型的曲线关系”和“公司以前年度的绩效水平越好 ,董事会的稳定性越强”这两个理论假设。与此同时 ,“治理改善”和“跳船效应”假设在我国的证券市场中都未得到证实。     

Resurrecting the size effect: Evidence from a panel nonlinear cointegration model for the G7 stock markets

Firm size is known to be an important factor affecting stock returns. This study proposes a panel threshold cointegration model to investigate the impact of the size effect on stock returns for the panel of G7 countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the U.K., and the U.S. over the period 1991:1–2012:12. The empirical analysis is based upon the nonlinear cointegration framework using the asymmetric ARDL cointegration methodology (Shin et al., 2011). This methodological approach permits a much richer degree of flexibility in the dynamic adjustment process toward equilibrium, than in the classical linear model. Our findings indicate the presence of asymmetric adjustment around a unique long-run equilibrium. In particular, the empirical analysis provides evidence of asymmetric effects between stock returns and the size effect, while controlling for the book-to-market ratio and the price-to-earnings ratio.     

上海股票市场规模效应的实证研究

规模效应是指公司规模与收益率之间存在的反向关系,即小规模公司较大公司而言有着更高的收益率。本文从上海证券市场随机抽取60只股票作为数据样本,对其从2007年1月到2009年6月之间的公司数据进行实证研究,得出上海股市存在着规模效应这一结论。     

Size, strategic, and market orientation affects on innovation

Based on a random sample of 500 South Yorkshire non-hi-tech manufacturing small, medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) the quantitative findings support the hypothesis that size, strategic, and market orientation associate with innovation. The results show that prospectors are medium-sized companies and small companies, defenders. Prospectors are more innovative and market-oriented than defenders. The findings reveal that to succeed in an intense competitive environment, non-hi-tech manufacturing SMEs have to be proactive toward market opportunities, receptive to innovation and take the lead in new product innovation. However, their weaknesses include a lack of flexibility, a partial open culture and an organizational structure that impedes sustained innovation. This study addresses a gap in the literature, by linking innovation to the strategic orientation of the firm instead of examining firms' specific characteristics or the effects of external environment and structural factors. The research focuses on non-hi-tech manufacturing SMEs.     

公共服务、城市规模与人才区位——基于新空间经济学理论的分析

将城市规模引入新空间经济学理论模型,探讨公共服务、城市规模对人才区位的影响机制,并且利用2011-2017年CMDS微观数据匹配244个城市数据进行实证检验。结果显示：①城市规模对公共服务影响人才区位具有非线性门槛效应,只有当城市规模满足一定门槛条件时,增加公共服务供给才能显著吸引人才流入;②全国层面的实证分析有效验证了理论预期;③分区域看,东部与中西部地区门槛条件具有异质性,东部地区人才流动呈现竞争效应,中西部地区呈现集聚效应;④分城市等级看,大城市与中小城市门槛条件差异明显,满足门槛条件时,加大中小城市公共服务供给,吸引人才效果会更显著。最后提出基于城市规模和区域异质性的公共服务供给对策。     

大跨度空间结构拱形基础底面尺寸的确定

结合工程设计实例,简要阐述空间结构拱形基础的简单计算,给初次设计者提供简便的设计手法,增强其对拱形建筑的理解,为以后复杂的基础结构设计打下良好的基础。     

智力资本、向客户学习对创新的影响

以广州、北京、天津、台湾4个地区140家制造企业为研究样本,运用分层回归模型,从向客户学习的角度,对智力资本影响产品创新及工艺创新的作用机制进行实证分析。研究发现,向客户学习在智力资本影响创新的过程中发挥部分中介作用;当企业规模不同时,向客户学习在智力资本影响产品创新的过程中所发挥的作用存在差异,企业规模较大时,向客户学习在智力资本影响产品创新过程中发挥部分中介作用,企业规模较小时则发挥完全中介作用,但是向客户学习在智力资本影响工艺创新过程中所发挥的作用在不同企业规模下并没有显著差异,均发挥部分中介作用。