我国中小企业融资问题研究

中小企业是促进我国经济增长的一支重要力量,而中小企业融资渠道狭窄、融资结构不合理、融资成本高、融资难等问题严重影响了中小企业的进一步发展,如何从我国的实际出发,寻求有效的措施和对策,努力缓解中小企业的融资难问题,是一项重要而又紧迫的任务。本文概括了中小企业的融资现状,对造成融资困难的原因进行分析,最后指出缓解中小企业融资难问题,需要企业、银行和政府等多方面的共同努力,并从三个方面提出相应的对策和建议。     

浅谈小微企业税务筹划

小微企业由于组织架构、财会队伍素质有待提高,缺乏必要的资源等自身特点,在进行税务筹划时,应从企业的日常管理与核算入手：充分了解国家税收优惠政策;利用临界区间（临界点）进行税收筹划;规范企业日常会计核算;按时纳税申报,从而更好地实现企业利润最大化。     

信任对中小企业联盟稳定性的影响研究

中小企业资金和人员数量有限,市场经营经验缺乏,声望较低,因此更倾向于与其他中小企业构建战略联盟来提升竞争优势。信任是维持战略联盟稳定性的重要因素。根据以往学者对信任的定义,本文对信任的定义主要包括声誉及诚信。同时,因为信任一直被认为是社会资本的主要构成因素,因此本文构建了包含社会资本在内的收益函数,运用博弈的方法分析了信任的两个主要要素对于中小企业战略联盟稳定性的影响,进而得出信任在维持中小企业联盟稳定性中的重要意义。希望本文能够为中小企业维持战略联盟稳定性提供一定的借鉴。     

中小投资者利益保护内部控制有效性研究——来自深圳证券交易所中小企业板的经验数据

本文从中小投资者的角度,研究深圳证券交易所中小企业板的上市公司与中小投资者利益保护相关的内部控制。根据112个企业的数据分析表明,董事长与总经理分离有利于中小投资者利益保护内部控制建设,其他公司治理措施与中小投资者利益保护内部控制建设无关,这些内部控制与公司价值也无关。这个发现启示我们,深圳证券交易所对中小投资者利益保护相关的内部控制可能需要进一步深化,使它们真正与中小投资者利益保护相关。     

How do hospitality entrepreneurs use their social networks to access resources? Evidence from the lifecycle of small hospitality enterprises

This study investigates entrepreneurs’ use of social networks to access resources during the conception, start-up, and consolidation stages of small enterprises in the hospitality industry in Sergipe State, Brazil. This study analyzes four cases of small hotel ventures, employing cross-case analyses to identify the patterns, similarities, and differences between the cases. The study findings highlight that, in the start-up stage, entrepreneurs access fewer resources, utilizing only family and friends, primarily as moral support. In the consolidation stage, entrepreneurs rely more on their weak links, accessing them with greater frequency. Mobilizing social networks is a dynamic process, and how entrepreneurs use these networks changes throughout the business-creation process. This is one of the first studies on how entrepreneurs use their social networks, especially in a developing economy.     

Lack of successors,firm default,and the performance of small businesses

We investigate the effects of the lack of successors on small businesses with an elderly manager. Using firm-level data from Japan, a country with an aging population, we find the following results. First, smaller, younger, highly leveraged, and nongrowing firms are likely to have no successor. Second, firms with an elderly manager are more likely to exit and default if they have no successors, and this is particularly the case during the global financial crisis around 2009. This result suggests that these firms have less incentive to repay debts because they are not going concerns. As a result of the high probability of default, the annual change in bank borrowing is low if firms with an elderly manager have no successor. Third, the annual change of bank borrowing is lower for firms with no successor during the crisis and post-crisis periods, implying that banks reduce lending to these firms because of their high risk.     

Leveraging learning forces in asymmetric alliances: Small firms’ perceived power imbalance in driving exploration and exploitation

Prior studies on power and interfirm learning in alliances have devoted limited attention to multiplicate influences of diverse power sources on exploration and exploitation and whether such influences on these two strategies are similar or different. This study investigates the joint effects of two types of perceived power—capability-driven power and position-driven power—on exploration versus exploitation in asymmetric alliances. Using a sample of 205 high-technology firms in China, the analyses suggest that each of the two types of perceived power separately has no direct effects on either exploration or exploitation. However, they complement (multiplicative effects) each other in promoting exploitation and exploration. Interestingly, the balanced effect of perceived position-driven power and perceived capability-driven power is positively related to exploration, while no such an impact is found in terms of exploitation. This study provides alternative insights about inter-organizational learning in asymmetric alliances and points out a direction for future research.     

知识型员工冗余对中小上市公司二元创新的影响：环境特征的调节作用

以277家中小板和创业板上市公司2012-2017年平衡面板数据为样本，利用泊松模型，实证分析知识型员工冗余与企业二元创新的关系，并探讨外部环境特征（要素市场发育程度和市场不确定性）的调节机理。研究表明：企业应保持一定的知识型员工冗余，促进企业二元式创新，过多或过少的知识型员工冗余均不利于企业开展创新活动；不同的环境特征对二者间关系的调节作用存在异质性，要素市场发育程度会减弱知识型员工冗余与探索式创新、利用式创新间关系，而市场不确定性会加强知识型员工冗余与探索式创新、利用式创新间关系。     

小世界网络视角下外向型开放式创新输出机制建模及仿真研究

现有关于网络环境下开放式创新的研究大都聚焦于内向型开放式创新，对于外向型开放式创新的关注不足。为更加真实地展现创新网络中知识创新、创新输出的整体行为机制，基于小世界网络仿真建模方法，从创新输出企业视角，探究创新输出与创新网络、创新绩效之间的内在关系。结果发现：网络关系强度、创新开放度与网络整体知识水平呈正相关关系，而个体网络规模与网络整体知识水平呈非线性相关关系；网络关系强度与网络知识水平分布均匀性呈正相关关系，创新开放度、个体网络规模与网络知识水平分布均匀性均呈非线性相关关系；当企业创新能力较强、解吸能力较弱时，网络整体知识水平和网络知识分布差异较大。创新输出企业可以结合网络结构和网络关系，优化创新网络、主体能力与创新开放度，制定开放策略，从而实现获取创新收益与保持自身竞争优势的双重平衡。     

Responses to COVID-19: The role of performance in the relationship between small hospitality enterprises’ resilience and sustainable tourism development

Tourism is one of the hardest-hit industries by the global pandemic of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Small tourism enterprises have been heavily affected and have had difficulty in business recovery. This research is an early attempt to explore the direct impact of small hospitality enterprises’ resilience on sustainable tourism development as well as indirect impact through performance. A pre-tested questionnaire survey was self-administered to owner-managers of small hospitality enterprises in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS showed a positive, direct, and significant impact of resilience (planned and adaptive) on sustainable tourism development and indirect influence through performance. The results of the multi-group analysis showed that enterprise type has a significant effect on the results, where restaurant owner-managers expressed more resilience than their hotel counterparts. Several theoretical (for scholars) and practical implications for tourism policy-makers and owner-managers have been discussed and elaborated.