Comparative Studies in Public Administration and Public Policy

This article offers a conceptual framework and examines a range of cases around the theme of comparative studies in public policy and public administration. It sets the scene for a discussion about issues of comparative analysis in public policy and is aimed at generating debate regarding what comparative analysis can achieve. Finally, it turns our attention to what should be the underlying principles in comparative research and in comparative discourse.     

Social Return on Investment (SROI) and Performance Measurement

Abstract

Social enterprises are being promoted as responsive and innovative way to deliver public services. As part of this promotion, these organizations are being required to demonstrate the social and economic value they generate. Social return on investment (SROI) is a performance measurement tool currently being encouraged to capture this impact. This paper draws on survey and interview data to analyse how SROI is used and understood in health and social care settings. It indicates that despite being accepted as an internationally recognized measurement tool for social enterprise, SROI is underused and undervalued due to practical and ideological barriers.     

Sacred alliance or pact with the devil? How and why social enterprises collaborate with mainstream businesses in the fair trade sector*

Abstract

This paper uses institutional theory to highlight different patterns of cross-sector collaboration from the perspective of social enterprises. Specifically, it explores how and why social enterprises interact with mainstream businesses and to what extent their collaboration patterns reflect a vision of how their social mission should be implemented and institutionalized. The empirical analysis is derived from a qualitative study of ‘fair trade’ – a hybrid model created by social enterprises and using market mechanisms to support small-scale producers in developing countries and to advocate for changes in international trading practices. The findings highlight three strategies used by fair trade social enterprises to manage their interactions with mainstream businesses: sector solidarity, selective engagement, and active appropriation. This paper suggests that each strategy is motivated by a different vision of how best to articulate the social mission of fair trade via specific types of collaborations. It also notes how each vision has a distinct pattern of institutionalization at the field level. This paper adds to the emergent literatures on social enterprise and social entrepreneurship, fair trade, cross-sector collaboration and hybrid organizing.     

社会资本发展对企业财务的影响分析

社会资本理论于80年代晚期才引起理论界的广泛关注,此后又引入企业社会资本概念。社会资本的积累直接关系到企业的生存与发展,本文将社会资本理论应用于财务领域,从收益和风险两方面探讨了企业投资于社会资本应考虑的问题,为企业有目的地构建社会资本做初步分析。     

技术中介市场作用机制及其声誉的模型探讨

随着我国技术市场的不断完善和发展,技术中介的作用日益凸现。本文从技术中介的重要作用出发,探讨了客户在选择技术中介时中介机构声誉的重要性、影响技术中介声誉的因素以及技术中介与客户相互作用的机制。     

社会工作在基层治理专业化中的角色与功能

近年来,我国对居民社区建设的重视度不断提升,社区公共服务团队也在不断壮大,在国家政策的实施以及广大社区管理中,社区管理机构发挥着十分关键的作用。随着城乡居民生活水平的不断提升,传统的管理模式与基层治理手段已经落后,难以满足社区发展与民众生活的多元化以及专业化需求,因此,在社区治理中,融入专业性社会工作已经成为大势所趋。论文结合社会工作参与乡村振兴建设战略所进行的一系列工作,探究社会工作在基层治理专业化道路上扮演的角色,指出社会工作在基层治理专业化中的功能,阐明当前社区治理中的问题,探索促进基层社区治理可持续发展的道路。     

近朱者赤:伦理型领导如何影响员工内部揭发意向?

鉴于员工内部揭发能有效阻止企业中的非伦理行为,很多研究开始关注员工内部揭发问题。本研究着眼于员工内部揭发的伦理性,认为伦理型领导能够降低员工的道德推脱意识,从而正向影响员工内部揭发意向;员工感知的社会责任感正向调节伦理型领导对员工道德推脱的作用。本文通过三个阶段的数据收集,得到232套有效问卷。实证结果表明:(1)伦理型领导能够显著正向影响员工内部揭发意愿;(2)道德推脱在伦理型领导和内部揭发间起中介作用;(3)员工感知的企业社会责任对道德推脱在伦理型领导与内部揭发之间的间接关系起到调节作用,也即只有当员工感知到企业承担更多的社会责任时,伦理型领导通过道德推脱影响员工内部揭发意向的中介作用是显著的。本文在理论上丰富了伦理型领导与员工内部揭发之间作用机制的研究,对有效促进组织内部揭发的途径有重要启示作用。     

Three Corrected Score Tests for Generalized Linear Models with Dispersion Covariates

We develop three corrected score tests for generalized linear models with dispersion covariates, thus generalizing the results of Cordeiro , Ferrari and Paula (1993) and Cribari-Neto and Ferrari (1995) . We present, in matrix notation, general formulae for the coefficients which define the corrected statistics. The formulae only require simple operations on matrices and can be used to obtain analytically closed-form corrections for score test statistics in a variety of special generalized linear models with dispersion covariates. They also have advantages for numerical purposes since our formulae are readily computable using a language supporting numerical linear algebra. Two examples, namely, iid sampling without covariates on the mean or dispersion parameter oand one-way classification models, are given. We also present some simulations where the three corrected tests perform better than the usual score test, the likelihood ratio test and its Bartlett corrected version. Finally, we present a numerical example for a data set discussed by Simonoff and Tsai (1994) .     

工会在建设和谐设计院中的定位、作用和工作方法

胡锦涛总书记在省部级主要领导干部提高构建社会主义和谐社会能力专题研讨班上的重要讲话中指出,我们所要建设的社会主义和谐社会,应该是民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会。和谐设计院是社会主义和谐社会大系统中的一个有机组成部分,同样应该是具备民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处6个要素的设计院。文章根据和谐社会的特征,结合某设计院实际,详细解读了和谐设计院的标准,并分析了在创建和谐设计院中工会的工作定位与作用。     

工业化商品住宅可持续发展社会效益评价

可持续发展是住宅工业化发展的必然要求.本文在可持续发展观的指导下,从社会效益角度对工业化住宅自身及其生产过程的可持续发展性进行了评价.主要从工业化商品住宅的社会经济影响、社会环境影响、社会互适性及社会风险四个角度进行分析,说明住宅工业化给社会效益带来的正面和负面影响.