基于马克思劳动价值论的逻辑辩证分析

马克思的劳动价值论,是一个完整的、科学的理论体系。它是揭示资本主义从起源到灭亡的基础理论,是建立科学社会主义的一个理论基石。马克思提出的价值理论包括劳动价值论和剩余价值论两部分,他认为"价值是凝结在商品中的无差别的人类劳动"。文章根据其主要内容,分析了马克思劳动价值论在科学社会主义学说中的逻辑线索和基础地位。     

海藻酸钙医用敷料中丙酮残留量的气相色谱法测定

采用气相色谱法,通过氢火焰离子化检测器（FID）,在柱温80℃,进样口温度160℃,检测器温度160℃,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为溶剂进行丙酮残留量检测。结果显示：检测浓度在6．96ug／ml～580ug／ml内线性关系良好（r=0．99984）,平均回收率99．39％．由此得出：建立的气相色谱法灵敏、准确,适合海藻酸钙医用辅料中丙酮残留量的检测．     

Reassessing the empirical validity of the human-capital augmented neoclassical growth model

We reassess Mankiw, Romer and Weil's [mrw] version of the Solow model using, as did mrw, cross-sectional data to estimate the steady-state equation governing income per capita levels. The model fails in two critical areas. First, plausible factor shares obtained by mrw are not robust to the substitution of two measures of human capital that are more precise than the secondary school enrollment rates used by mrw. Second, the null hypothesis of an exogenous and identical level of technology in all countries is rejected. We also explain why the Solow model performed well despite the above shortcomings.     

Notes on Growth Accounting

Growth accounting breaks down economic growth into components associated with changes in factor inputs and the Solow residual, which reflects technological progress and other elements. After a presentation of the standard model, the analysis considers dual approaches to growth accounting (which considers changes in factor prices rather than quantities), spillover effects and increasing returns, taxes, and multiple types of factor inputs. Later sections place the growth-accounting exercise within the context of two recent strands of endogenous growth theory—varieties-of-products models and quality-ladders models. Within these settings, the Solow residual can be interpreted in terms of measures of the endogenously changing level of technology.     

经济增长率及其来源分析方法的新改进——加入地区权重的索洛增长核算模型及中国的实证

以往学者在分析区域或国家经济增长率及其来源时,通常将用索洛增长核算模型测算得到的各个地区的经济增长率及其来源进行简单加总取均值,忽略了各个地区占整个区域或国家的比重。基于收入函数相关理论,在分析区域或国家的经济增长率及其来源时,应对各个地区的经济增长率及其来源进行加权处理;从决策单元、子集和总集的层面对索洛增长核算模型进行改进,得到进行加权处理（权重即地区总产出占整个区域或国家总产出的比重）的理论依据和方法。根据改进后的索洛增长核算模型对我国2000年以来的经济增长率及其来源进行实证分析,结果表明,改进后的测算结果较改进前GDP增长率有了一定的提高;而对于西部地区,改进前显著低估了劳动贡献率和TFP贡献率,但却较大程度地高估了资本的贡献率。     

山地地区地表一致性剩余静校正技术应用技巧

山地地区地表和地下地质条件复杂,接收条件差,原始资料信噪比低,做剩余静校正前很难准确的识别有效速度,经过几次速度分析和剩余静校正后,才得到容易辨认的速度,但是由于初始速度和初始静校正量的误差问题,往往剩余静校正的迭代不是收敛的,得不到真实的地下构造形态。只有采用比较合理的求取初始速度方法,才能保证得到真实合理的成像。     

Shannon's Entropy and Its Generalisations Towards Statistical Inference in Last Seven Decades

Starting from the pioneering works of Shannon and Weiner in 1948, a plethora of works have been reported on entropy in different directions. Entropy‐related review work in the direction of statistical inference, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far. Here, we have tried to collect all possible works in this direction during the last seven decades so that people interested in entropy, specially the new researchers, get benefited.     

技术进步对长沙市经济增长的贡献分析

运用C-D生产函数和索洛余值法,定量分析了长沙市1991～2006年技术进步对经济增长的贡献,结果发现技术对经济增长的贡献不高,资本投入是长沙市经济发展的主要动力。与技术密集型的发达地区比较,长沙市的技术进步率和技术对经济增长的贡献率均较低。当前,长沙市应把握住长株潭城市群"两型社会"综改试验区建设的重大机遇,以加快科技成果转化为突破口,构建"产、学、研、金"一体化发展体系,走内生型发展道路。     

The granularity of the Brazilian banking market

Bank size distributions concentrate in a few large banks – the big “grains.” This fact means idiosyncratic shocks at the bank level do not cancel out, thus affecting the business cycle. Here, we present evidence of granularity in the banking market using Brazilian data. We examine the explanatory power of the granular banking residual of the five largest banks on quarterly GDP changes from 2010 to 2019. We conservatively find that shocks to revenues of these top five banks explain nearly one-fifth of GDP fluctuations.     

国有企业治理结构中科层的控制权配置特征及效率分析

由于国有资产所有者缺位的现实,造成了计量和监督国有资产经营者对企业贡献的固有困难,从而不得不采取事后激励的“控制权回报”或“国家租金”的激励制度,这种激励制度使国有企业科层内控制权的配置具有了自身的逻辑。这种科层内控制权配置的目标趋向不是使企业剩余最大化,而是对既定剩余份额的争夺。这种争夺导致的国有企业科层内控制权配置的调整是国有企业治理结构形成的主要变动因素。由于资产属性的多样性,使国有科层内控制权的配置具有多样性,并且处于不断的调整过程中。由于控制权配置的调整偏离了企业剩余最大化的原则,这种控制权配置过程和均衡状态,都会造成国有企业效率的损失。