Measurement of the Standard Proximity of Adapted Standard Business Software

In order to optimize the economical use of SAP software systems and to increase the cost effectiveness of the SAP investment, the available SAP standard system should be implemented in the best possible way. While standard functionality has no negative effects on maintenance and operating cost, modification of the standard has the potential to drive costs (Markus et al. 2000). An integrated methodology and an efficient instrument for the operational and strategic evaluation of this topic are crucial for an efficient application of SAP standard software. This article describes a new technical measurement methodology based on key performance indicators. This measurement methodology allows for measuring the standard proximity (i. e. proximity of used functionality to standard functionality) in SAP systems thereby creating transparency regarding the use of the available standard and non-standard functions. The methodology is evaluated in the context of a case study within the BMW Group. From the results of the measurement, actions are derived which foster the standard utilization and thus the efficiency of an SAP system.

普通高校职称评审中考核方法标准化的探讨

针对普通高校职称的评审标准化问题进行了初步探讨,并从德、能、勤、绩４个方面,提出了具体实施的评分方法。     

基于客户价值和TGSOM网络方法的客户分类

以客户为中心是现代企业经营的指导思考。它要求重视客户资源,通过研究客户确定市场,强化与高价值客户的关系。因此,客户价值对企业而言,至关重要。本文首先对企业客户价值进行了定性和定量的分析,并以定量分析为基础,在对与客户价值相关属性进行标准化之后,采用动态自组织映射神经网络(TGSOM)对客户进行分类预测。其中客户价值相关属性的标准化,是采用TGSOM网络进行客户分类的关键步骤。     

Consumer myopia, standardization and aftermarket monopolization

In this paper, I show that the standard Bertrand competition argument does not apply when firms compete for myopic consumers who optimize period-by-period. I develop the model in the context of aftermarket. With overlapping-generations of consumers, simultaneous product offerings in the primary market and aftermarket establishes a price floor for the primary good. This constraint prevents aftermarket rents from being dissipated by the primary market competition. Duopoly firms earn positive profits despite price competition with undifferentiated products. Nonetheless, government interventions to reinforce aftermarket competition such as a standardization requirement may lead to the partial collapse of the primary market.     

朝鲜民主主义人民共和国质量监管体系介绍

本文介绍了朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的质量监管体系,并对其内容和特点进行了总结分析。指出要建立科学的质量监管体系,需要国际机构和世界各国之间的交流与合作,要互相学习和借鉴他国经验,这样才能完善我国的质量监管体系。     

标准化动态管理与控制

阐述了标准具有时效性和动态性,提出在标准化管理中,应对标准实行动态管理与控制。结合标准化管理中存在的一些具体问题,提出企业应在标准体系、标准的复审和修订、标准实施及相关标准的管理与控制、标准文本的管理及标准的注册、备案方面加强动态管理与控制,以确保企业所使用标准的效性,同时就如何搞好标准的注册、备案方面加强动态管理与控制,以确保企业所使用标准的有效性,同时就如何搞好标准的动态管理与控制提出了自己的     

International strategy’s effects on retailers’ local implementation and performance

Retailers dynamically expand abroad and strategically seek local performance because their business is local. However, knowledge of the contribution of retail firms’ international strategies to subsidiaries’ local performance is limited. Based on the prominent I/R strategy framework, the authors conceptualize integration/responsiveness as the transfer/local generation of firm-specific advantages and analyze (direct and indirect) paths of varying degrees of I/R via local implementation decisions to performance. Because retailers’ firm-specific advantages have a limited geographic reach, different successful paths are expected in close and distant countries. Empirically, a survey based on face-to-face-interviews with 126 retail CEOs and expansion managers, partial least squares structural equation modelling and bootstrapping-based mediation analyses were conducted. The results reveal only indirect paths of international strategy to local performance through local standardization/centralization. Unique insights into the paths of firm? strategy to subsidiary performance emerge, such as important tradeoffs between superior paths in close countries.     

新冠肺炎时期食品配送新模式的研究——以温州菜篮子农副产品配送公司为例

通过对新冠病毒肺炎疫情时期食品配送新模式-生鲜电商模式的运营分析,找出食品配送过程中出现的标准化程度低的问题,制定食品配送服务标准化建设思路,加快建设食品配送标准化体系建设.     

The evolution of the internet of things industry and market in China: An interplay of institutions,demands and supply

This paper seeks to provide some explanation as to how demand-, supply- and institutions-related factors in China have affected the creation and diffusion of Internet of Things (IoT)-related products and services. Concerning demand side factors the paper demonstrates how potential market size and existing technology trajectory work in favor of IoT diffusion. As a related demand side factor the paper argues that, in terms of the technological trajectory, China has started farther from the frontier than most industrialized countries. The degree of incremental benefit from the IoT is thus higher in the country. As to the supply side factors, the article promotes an understanding of how Chinese technology companies have capitalized on a huge user base to develop IoT-based applications. It also suggests that technologies and expertise provided by foreign multinationals have also played crucial roles. Regarding formal institutions, the government's proactive policies have been a major factor in the IoT's evolution. It is also in the Chinese government's interest to develop IoT products to make censorship and surveillance more effective. Regarding informal institutions, Chinese consumers are less concerned than Westerners about being tracked and monitored, which provides a favorable condition for the adoption of IoT-enabled devices. Nonetheless, this condition is changing due to increasing abuse of consumer privacy. China and the U.S. are compared in terms of diffusion, key determinants, performance indicators and impacts of the IoT in order to understand the areas that China outperforms—and underperforms—the U.S. Some indicators are proposed to gauge the IoT-related performance and the impacts of the IoT.     

Effects of standardization and innovation on mass customization: An empirical investigation

Mass customization (MC) refers to the capability to produce customized goods for a mass market. Innovation can enhance the flexibility and responsiveness of a company, and standardization enables the company to achieve economies of scale and scope, both of which are necessary for developing MC capability. A conceptual model is proposed to explore the relationships among innovation, standardization, MC capability, and delivery speed. Hypotheses are tested using survey data from 204 manufacturing companies in China. The results show that standardization positively influences innovation. Innovation and standardization positively affect MC capability and are complementary in developing MC capability. Innovation significantly enhances delivery speed. However, the direct effect of standardization on delivery speed is nonsignificant. In addition, innovation and standardization indirectly affect delivery speed through MC capability. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the individual and interactive effects of standardization and innovation in developing MC capability and their joint influence on delivery speed. The results will help managers understand the roles of standardization and innovation in improving organizational capability and performance.