商业银行与担保公司贷款担保业务合作风险及防控

商业银行与担保公司在贷款担保方面的合作,对解决中小企业融资难的问题起到了积极的促进作用,但在合作过程中也产生了不少问题。除了担保公司虚假出资、抽逃资本金或恶意逃废债等行为导致担保公司将担保风险转嫁到银行外,银行自身认识和管理的不到位也是导致银行贷款风险发生的重要原因。     

习惯形成对我国城镇居民消费的动态影响机制研究

习惯形成是居民消费行为的变化依据之一,影响着其演变和发展的规律,现有研究普遍认为,该特征导致我国城镇居民消费愈加谨慎,但追根溯源,习惯形成究竟对居民消费具有怎样的内在影响机制,这是文章探究的主要问题。以改进的Dynan模型为基础,充分考虑居民消费习惯形成的产生机制,嵌入状态空间模型(State Space)构建动态消费函数,采用29个省1978-2016年的城镇面板数据,在测算习惯形成、边际消费倾向的时变参数的基础上,运用面板VAR和脉冲响应函数的动态分析发现:面对不确定冲击,居民消费的习惯形成强度随之增大,促使居民降低消费倾向,并在不确定影响弱化后,抑制消费倾向的回升,在两者的相互制约中,消费倾向最终缓慢回升至某一较低的水平,因此习惯形成减慢了居民消费的变化速度,抑制了消费倾向的提高。这启示我们,改革开放以来,来自供给侧的多次不确定冲击,导致了城镇居民消费较大的习惯形成强度,是其消费倾向持续降低的一个重要因素。为有效提高居民的消费倾向,弱化习惯形成的强度和影响至关重要,为此应构建长效机制,努力降低不确定冲击的广度和深度。文章的研究进一步认清了消费习惯形成的性质,厘清了居民消费变化的动...     

中国市场体系的渐进孵化:基于国家能力的视角

国家能力是解释中国成功进行市场体系渐进孵化的关键。文章首先对中国独特的市场体系渐进孵化逻辑进行了总结梳理和阐述,回顾了二战以来市场体系孵化的全球经验,然后分析了学习能力、财政能力和法治能力与渐进孵化的双向互促共进关系,最后从一般意义上提炼了中国渐进孵化市场体系的经验及规律。文章是从国家能力角度阐释中国市场体系渐进孵化实践的重要尝试。     

江浙沪地区企业短期融资券发展状况调查

自2005年4月首只短券发行以来,江浙沪二省一市企业积极利用短券进行融资。发行短券有效降低了区域内企业融资成本,改善了融资结构,提高了企业的影响力,而且江浙沪已成为短券融资最多的地区之一。然而,与江浙沪二省一市的经济结构、产业特点相比而言,企业在短期融资券方面的需求仍受多方面的限制,主要是相对严格的管理抑制了企业发行意愿,民营企业和中小企业的发行需求难以满足。     

地方政府财政压力与银行信贷资源配置效率——基于我国城市商业银行的研究证据

基于2005—2015年我国城市商业银行的样本,本文研究省级地方政府财政压力是否对商业银行信贷资金投向和信贷资源配置效率产生影响。研究发现,地方政府财政压力是影响城市商业银行信贷资源配置的重要因素。具体而言,省级地方政府的财政压力越大,省内城市商业银行投向地方国有经济部门的贷款比率越高。然而,信贷资源更多投向地方国有经济部门的银行有更高的不良贷款率和更差的会计业绩。进一步研究发现,在财政压力大的省份,城市商业银行投向地方国有经济部门的贷款比率越高,则贷款拨备率越低,这表明城市商业银行会通过盈余管理行为来应对监管压力。本文研究结论对商业银行监管以及防范化解金融风险有重要启示。     

地方金融发展能够影响FDI的区位选择吗?——一个基于城市商业银行设立的准自然实验

本文以城市商业银行的设立为自然实验,结合1990—2015年中国295个地级市数据以及成立的184家城市商业银行,运用双重差分方法系统考察了地方金融机构对FDI区位选择的影响。研究表明,城市商业银行的成立显著促进了城市FDI的流入;经过一系列稳健性检验和进行倾向得分匹配(PSM)估计之后,这一结论依然成立。结合企业数据证实城商行的设立提升了企业从银行获得贷款的可能性,能够通过缓解企业融资约束而影响FDI的区位分布。对城商行兼并和异地扩张行为的进一步分析表明:城商行经营规模的扩张,无论是对属地还是异地城市FDI的促进作用均不明显,而城商行资金规模的扩张对FDI有明显促进作用。这些发现将为我国完善金融体系和升级银行业结构、吸引FDI促进区域经济协调发展提供理论和经验支持。     

Universal service in China and India: Legitimating the state?

This paper examines the contrast between China's and India's universal service policies as manifestations of the two states' differing self-conceptualizations and legitimation strategies. We examine the timeline of universal service policies in the two countries, differentiating between the territorial, demographic and layered dimensions of universal service. The analysis reveals many similarities between the two countries, as well as some differences primarily related to the mode of funding universal service programs and the lead China has taken in deploying informatization services. We identify some of the proximate causes that resulted in these policy decisions. But in addition, we also examine how universal service policies are related to contrasting models of state legitimation.     

More effective sales force reporting

As the need for marketing intelligence by sales and marketing managers grows more essential, field sales personnel are increasingly being asked to gather and report information. Many executives realize the potential value of using salespersons to supply information useful to management decision making. The sales force is familiar with their territories, their customers' needs and sources of information inside customer organizations, their competitors' marketing activities, and trends in product acceptance. The incremental costs and effort required are low compared to other research methods, since information can be submitted within the context of a regular call report system [2, 6, 8].But salespersons have been found to be inadequate and uncooperative reporters in many instances. Numerous field salespersons believe that reporting infringes on their primary responsibility of selling, and furthermore that management apparently doesn't make use of the resulting information anyway. Thus, while salespersons have access to a wealth of marketing information of potentially great value to the firm, they are often inadequate, unreliable, and unmotivated reporters [4, 5].This article reports the results of a study designed to investigate what management practices contribute to, or detract from, effective reporting of marketing information by salespersons. Current practices in reporting are noted and some recommendations are made to help management improve sales force reporting.     

Abandon bad R&D projects with earlier marketing appraisals

The marketing concept in technology based firms is often applied too late in the product development cycle to prevent costly marketplace failure. This article stresses the need for the involvement of marketing much earlier in the development cycle and a framework for accomplishing this purpose is presented.     

Goal programming approach to marketing/ production planning

This article focuses on the need for greater coordination and integration between production and marketing. The potential conflicts between the production and marketing areas are highlighted, and a goal-programming algorithm is developed for dealing with the complex trade-off decisions involved in marketing/production planning. The algorithm is applied to a case example to illustrate its use in managerial decision making.