公共支出与农民主观幸福感——基于CGSS数据的实证分析

本文利用中国一般社会调查(CGSS)数据分析地方政府公共支出对我国农村居民主观幸福感的影响,结论发现:(1)增加公共支出有利于促进农民的主观幸福感。公共支出对农民主观幸福感的影响主要是通过增加农民的消费来实现,在控制了消费之后,公共支出的作用显著下降;(2)对公共支出进行分解发现,教育、医疗卫生和社会保障支出等社会性支出是促进农民主观幸福感的主要支出,其他支出对农民幸福感并没有显著影响;(3)公共支出对不同收入等级农民主观幸福感的影响有显著差异。它对低收入农民幸福感的影响最大,穷人的消费水平较低,他们更加依赖于政府的公共支出,这进一步证实了公共支出确实是通过促进消费来影响农民幸福感的。鉴于此,扩大公共支出,尤其是社会性支出,是增强农民幸福感的重要手段,而且公共支出应该更加向穷人倾斜。     

原告资格从“不利影响”到“主观公权利”的转向与影响——刘广明诉张家港市人民政府行政复议案评析

2017年的“刘广明诉张家港市人民政府行政复议案”再审裁定中,法院首次使用德国法上的主观公权利和保护规范理论,释解作为我国行政原告资格基准的“利害关系”。从此前的“不利影响”到“主观公权利”,刘案对域外学理的吸收,对我国行政诉讼原告资格的判定发挥了重要的推进作用。除引发我们重新认识行政诉讼原告资格问题外,主观公权利和保护规范理论对于重新考量行政实体法与行政诉讼法的关联、原告资格与诉讼的整体定位关联,以及如何寻获权衡“诉权保障/防堵滥诉”的教义学基础都有重要的启发意义。但刘案裁定对上述理论的适用仍旧存在值得商榷的不当之处,案件未尽问题也不在少数。     

Using urban woodlands and forests as places for improving the mental well-being of people with dementia

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the meaning and use of urban woodlands and forests, and how they can contribute to positive mental well-being of people with dementia, by adopting ethnographic, participatory action research and case study approaches. Qualitative research provided knowledge and understanding about how activities in an urban woodland environment can add value to and benefit the lives of people with dementia living independently. Data were collected from semi-structured, and walk-along interviews, as well as from piloting a programme of activities based in an urban woodland setting . Five male participants with dementia, aged between 52 and 83, and one family carer, took part in the pilot programme, based in Scotland (UK). The findings show how through active use of urban woodlands and forests, people with dementia find their experiences to be meaningful. People with dementia found meaning in the multi-sensory experience of the woodland, in their feeling of self-worth, and in their ability to retain a sense of autonomy and identity. The approach to active use of urban woodlands and forests offers a viable alternative to traditional residential and day care activities, as well as an opportunity to promote the quality of life of people with dementia living in their own homes.     

自我差异视角下的职业生涯幸福感

职业生涯幸福感概念的提出顺应了无边界职业生涯的发展趋势,但该概念的理论内涵探究仍存在不足。本文在系统回顾职业生涯幸福感概念的基础上,认为其与自我概念联系紧密,因此选择从自我差异理论出发探究其变化的内在机理。通过结合自我差异和时间概念,本文将自我差异类型细分为"同一自我内部差异""真实自我—理想自我差异""真实自我—应该自我差异""理想自我—应该自我差异"和"假设自我差异",深入分析了个体职业生涯中的不同自我差异对职业生涯幸福感的影响及其在认知、情绪、动机和行为上的表现,以此拓展职业生涯幸福感波动的内在机理,弥补现有理论的不足,并对相关领域的未来研究进行了展望。     

Job insecurity,employability and health: an analysis for Germany across generations

In this article, we use 12 waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) to examine the relationship between job insecurity, employability and health-related well-being. Our results indicate that being unemployed has a strong negative effect on life satisfaction and health. They also, however, highlight the fact that this effect is most prominent among individuals over the age of 40. A second observation is that job insecurity is also associated with lower levels of life satisfaction and health, and this association is quite strong. This negative effect of job insecurity is, in many cases, exacerbated by poor employability.     

工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型研究述评

个体工作幸福感的提升机制是长期以来理论界关注的热点问题之一,工作特征被认为是影响个体工作幸福感提升的一类关键因素。在工作特征与个体工作幸福感之间关系的研究中,工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型是最具影响力和解释力的一个理论模型,其相关研究把工作特征归结为工作要求、工作控制和与工作相关的社会支持三个方面,并分析了这三个方面对个体工作幸福感影响的综合效应及其相关作用机制。文章在系统地梳理工作幸福感导向的工作要求-控制-支持模型的理论渊源、基本理论假设及其实证研究结果、拓展研究等基础上,指出了后续研究有待进一步探讨的五个方向并提出了相应的研究建议。     

基于主观幸福感的城市居民出游意向分析——以都江堰为例

居民出游意向与主观幸福感存在紧密联系,对比国内学者少有研究。以都江堰居民为研究对象,采用抽样调查方法获得基础数据．用多重对应分析和方差分析得出结论．结果表明：幸福感强的都江堰居民通过电视、报纸和网络获取旅游信息,选择热闹都市和山水自然风景为游览对象,以增进与亲友的感情和增长见识为旅游目的,比较喜欢与亲友结伴或者由单位组织出游,选择飞机、轮船和汽车作为交通工具,旅游花费集中在500元上下．而幸福感较低者通过亲朋好友介绍和向旅行杜咨询来获取信息,选择探险和宗教朝圣类旅游景点,以调节身心为主要旅游目的。喜好个人出游、倾向自驾游,呈现更高的旅游花费水平．另外,主观幸福感对出游时间没有显著影响．     

民生财政支出、人口流动与经济增长——基于非线性面板门槛模型的实证分析

基于2007-2014年的中国省级面板数据,通过建立包含人口流动因素的非线性门槛模型对各地区民生财政支出与经济增长的关系进行了实证考察,研究发现,民生财政支出与经济增长间存在显著的非线性关系。随着民生财政支出水平的提高,其对经济增长的作用呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而人口流动因素则是导致这种结构性变化的重要原因。当地区人口流入规模扩大时,提高民生财政支出水平将带来更大的经济增长效应,但我国仅有少部分地区处于这个区间内,意味着财政资源配置空间失衡。研究结果为进一步推进财政体制改革及建立适应人口跨地区迁移的财政资源配置机制提供了直接的经验证据。     

The Relationship between Brand Attachment and Consumers' Emotional Well-Being

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between brand attachment and emotional well-being of consumers based on the need for personal image management and feelings of arrogant pride. A study of 107 consumers of the Calvin Klein brand was performed. Data were analyzed using the structural equations modeling technique. The results indicated a positive relationship between brand attachment and emotional well-being of consumers. A relationship was also identified between brand attachment, image management, and emotional well-being, and brand attachment and arrogant pride. No relationship was identified between arrogant pride and emotional well-being.     

Families at leisure outdoors: well-being through adventure

ABSTRACT

This study investigates families who choose to co-participate in outdoor adventure holidays, and explores how they benefit from these shared experiences. In so doing, it seeks to determine the role of adventure tourism in developing and enhancing family well-being (FWB). Hyper-modern family life for many is powered by technological hardware, each room in the house replete with on-line pleasures, distractions and identities. In response to this dystopia, some families opt to take adventure holidays together. However, scholarship concerning collective experiences of adventurous leisure, in this case as families, is limited. Using a qualitative whole family approach, 15 (adventure tourist) families were interviewed, totalling 62 interviewees (29 adults and 33 children under 18 years old), in their home environments. Four key themes related to FWB emerged. First, families extended their active lifestyles to adventure holidays and repeatedly mentioned the health and fitness benefits gained from these experiences. Second, adventure holidays facilitated unmediated time together for families. Third, parents harboured ideals of positive personal development for their children in these adventure settings. Fourth, making memories during adventure holidays, and recollecting these post-trip, were integral to family bonding. Further research should consider non-traditional families, and various socio-economic and cultural groups in this context.