对我国医药企业自主创新演化机制的分析

自主创新是当前商业界和学术界研究比较热的话题。政府相应地制定了一系列的政策和法规来鼓励企业进行自主创新。在这种背景下,我国的医药企业也积极响应国家的政策进行自主创新。然而,医药企业创新在实际操作中的行动方向差异很大。针对这种差异,笔者将医药企业创新划分成新功能创新和新设计创新两种,并且通过对一系列的数据和资料分析后,发现我国的医药企业的创新并非实质上的自主创新即新功能创新,而是新设计创新。文中对产生这种局面的演化机制进行了分析。     

Agglomeration in an innovative and differentiated industry with heterogeneous knowledge spillovers

This paper introduces an agent-based simulation model to study the technological development, the economic performance of firms and the evolution of agglomerations in a differentiated industry. The analysis is based on the interaction and behavior of firms, which might share knowledge but at the same time are competitors on the goods markets. Firms do not only compete with quantities they can also introduce process and product innovations. The level of knowledge of a firm describes the capabilities to perform innovations. Knowledge can be accumulated by investing in R&D and by knowledge spillover, which depend on geographical and technological proximity. Simulation runs show that there is an incentive to agglomerate in young industries and that geographical proximity enhances innovation, especially the number of product innovations.      

管理创新的"力场"分析

管理创新是在各种力的交互作用下产生的一种不规则性活动,只有当管理创新的动力大于阻力并取得支配地位时,管理创新行为才可能发生.管理创新的动力主要来源于需求拉力、竞争压力、利益内驱力、科技推力及政策激励力五个方面,而管理创新的阻力则主要来源于人的因素、组织的因素以及物质技术条件等.只有明确管理创新的"力场"构成,才能有目的地增强动力、克服阻力,实现增"正"减"负",从而推动管理创新活动的顺利进行.     

我国物流组织与物流体系的创新与发展

现代物流作为“降低成末的最后边界”，从组织看，是由流体、载体和流向三要素构成，从运作看，体现储存、运输和配送三大功能；从投入产出看，寻求降低物流成本和提高服务水平的动态均衡。供应式物流到订购式物流是我国物流组织创新的内容，其发展战略是即时物流、协同或一体化物流、高度化物流。物流体系创新应从行政区域、组织到按经济区域组织来实现。     

Technology-forcing through environmental regulation

This paper analyzes the demand characteristics of innovation in pollution abatement and the interaction between a regulator and a polluter under a technology-forcing policy. Important demand-driven determinants of innovation in pollution control are examined, such as uncertainties surrounding unexplored technologies, the length of the compliance period and the maximum abatement costs the regulator is willing to accept. We derive the formal condition that the regulator balances the marginal utility of emissions reduction against the marginal disutilities of a longer compliance time and the increased uncertainty about the feasibility of a more stringent standard.     

关于商业银行财务管理创新的探索

本文通过深入探索商业银行财务管理理论,结合近年来我国商业银行财务管理改革的主要进展以及存在的问题,提出推进我国商业银行财务管理创新,从而提升我国银行业在国际上的竞争力。笔者认为,当前财务管理改革的思路是建立一个“以成本效益原则为基础,以信息系统为平台,以预算管理为导向,以内部控制为手段,以业绩评价为依据,通过内外部审计强化监督”的财务管理体系。     

Can innovation shocks determine CO2 emissions (CO2e) in the OECD economies? A new perspective

ABSTRACT

This study has attempted to address prior knowledge gaps in the environmental economics literature by integrating the innovation shocks into the Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) equation for twenty-six OECD economies using data from 1990 to 2014. Foreign direct investment (FDI), exports (EXP), renewable energy consumption (REC), and GDP per capita were included as control variables. The results from multiple empirical analyses indicated that positive shocks to innovation improve, but the negative shocks disrupt environmental quality. Data analyses also showed that a positive correlation exists between income per capita of OECD economies. From the negative coefficient of income per capita (squared) and the existence of a negative nexus between FDI and CO2e, both the EKC and the Pollution Halo Hypothesis (PHH) were confirmed in sampled economies, respectively. The paper offers empirical support for the favourable impacts of REC on the quality of the environment and calls for the adoption of innovation shocks as a policy instrument to formulate better environmental policies for a sustainable future.     

老龄化社会和谐与保险行业创新

在建设和谐社会的过程中，必须面对我国人口老龄化的现实，从这层意义上说，建设我国和谐社会，也就是建设一个老龄化的和谐社会。因此，必须加快保险行业制度创新与产品创新步伐，主动适应社会发展要求，以保险业自身的创新及和谐进步来保障老龄化社会和谐建设。     

Technological change, human capital update and growth policies

This paper presents a model of growth driven simultaneously by innovation and human capital accumulation. Two different long-run equilibria are possible, according to whether or not workers skills are completely updated over time as knowledge expands. Skill gaps could arise as a consequence of poor education infrastructures, even in the efficient solution; in such circumstances, we find that whilst education policies are able to encourage growth, R&D policies are not. Otherwise, subsidizing education becomes ineffective for enhancing growth, although it could be necessary to avoid possible skill gaps originated by the R&D growth-enhancing policy.JEL Classification: O41, O33The authors wish to thank the financial support received for the project SEC 2001-2469 (Ministry of Science and Technology, Spain, and FEDER), as well as the comments of the co-editor and the referees.     

谈当代马克思主义发展观的传承与创新

当代中国的发展观是一个与时俱进的理论体系,它是对马克思主义发展观的传承。这个理论体系具体体现为：由“两手抓”到“三个明”的全面发展;从“发展是硬道理”到“发展是党执政兴国的第一要务”;从“以经济建设为中心”到“以人为本”的全面发展,从“鼓励一部分地区先富起来”到“统筹和协调发展”;从加快“现代化”进程到“可持续发展”等。随着社会和时代的发展,这个理论体系将不断地丰富和发展。