论城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置

城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置是市场经济条件下实现公平、公正、正义的客观要求,要素资源的合理流动是推进经济社会全面协调可持续发展的基础。针对区域经济发展和城乡劳动力资源的不均衡状况,应发挥政府的作用,强化政策统筹、组织协调和经济杠杆,以实现公共资源的均衡配置。     

董事会治理与企业技术创新:理论与实证

本文在代理理论的框架内考察了公司治理之董事会治理与企业技术创新投入的关系,并基于2004-2008年501家中国上市公司的数据对此进行了实证研究。结果表明:1)董事会规模与企业技术创新投入存在不显著的负相关关系;2)独立董事占比与企业技术创新投入存在显著的正相关关系,独立董事占比较高的企业其技术创新投入要显著高于独立董事占比较低的企业;3)董事长与总经理两职分离的制度安排对企业技术创新投入有显著的积极影响,两职分离的企业其技术创新投入要显著高于两职合一的企业;4)董事会股权激励对企业技术创新存在积极影响,董事会股权激励水平越高,企业技术创新投入越多,但这种发现仅具有较低的统计显著性。     

Hospitality innovation strategies: An analysis of success factors and challenges

Innovation in hospitality has attracted considerable interest, partly because its processes and activities are so diverse, and partly because its impact on performance is still a puzzle. This study proposes a comprehensive theoretical model that reviews combinations of technological and non-technological innovation and the interrelation between different innovation strategies that contribute to generating competitive advantages. Using data from 2010 and 2012 CIS, it empirically examines different innovation strategies, analyzes their role in organizational performance, and thoroughly researches sectoral variation in innovation strategies between hospitality and other service subsectors. Comparative analysis suggests that hospitality is the least innovative service activity. The findings also show that in hotels sales turnover is positively related only to complex innovation strategies that emphasize both technological and non-technological innovation. The study concludes that the level of innovation varies from sector to sector and that innovation strategies can have different effects on performance depending on the sector.     

The impact of the information and communications technology revolution on the internationalisation of corporate technology

The rising pace of technological change in information and communications technology (ICT) has doubtless provoked the rise of “techno-globalism” at a cross-firm level by providing a new mode of diversification. As a result of the increasing process of technological interrelatedness, the specialisation in a core pervasive technology (as ICT is nowadays) allows the firm to develop tacit capabilities, which, in turn, facilitate its corporate activity in different kinds of technology across national boundaries in an intra-firm network. Therefore ICT can be view as a platform for entry into new products as well as an enabler of fusion of technology.This paper investigates whether the increased specialisation in ICT has influenced the geographical diversification or internationalisation of firms. The association between the two phenomena is found in the later (but not in the former) period under analysis. By adopting a more detailed level of sectoral aggregation within the ICT field, the econometric analysis seems to indicate computing (rather than communications) as the ICT component driving the relationship between internationalisation of research and development activity and ICT specialisation.     

基于组态软件和FP23智能仪表的温度监控系统设计

设计实现了一种分布式温度监控系统,采用基于智能仪表和组态软件为核心的应用平台,运用模块化组态技术,以图形化的方式动态显示微球充氘氚装置中电炉的工作状态,电炉的远程温度控制、数据采集及处理等监测过程等,都可以由此来方便的实现。上述温度监控系统稳定可靠,改善了人机交互环境,并在实验中得到有效可靠地应用。该温控系统对于其他工业现场的自动监控具有通用性。监控系统界面可对分布在现场的多块FP23智能温控表进行读写操作,可将远程智能温控表集成于控制网络之中,一方面适用于传统热处理间的技术改造,另一方面适用于新建项目的电炉设备配套,极大地方便了现场温控表的操作和控制。适应于现在的温度监控系统,对我们现在的工作具有很多的帮助,文章借以此,提出建议,希望对现实工作具有更多的指导意义。     

The Dynamic ‘Diamond’: A Technological Innovation Perspective

A firm's local environment can constitute a source of national or regional cornpetitive advantage. An important question, therefore, is how these environments come about and how they can be lost. In this paper, we argue that a local environment is a function of the process of technological evolution. It is a function of how certain initial and prevailing conditions, the type of innovation, and chance events, influence the processes of uncertainty resolution, capabilities building, and survivor selection that are characteristic of technological evolution. We also argue that a region can lose its advantage when a dominant design emerges or when a technological discontinuity obsoletes the localized technological capabilities of not only manufacturers, but also of their suppliers, customers and related industries. The environment is dynamic as firms and nations, in response to their performances, also influence it by changing their strategies or policies.     

探讨200kV电力系统高压线路继电保护

文章简要介绍了继电保护系统的工作特性,并分析了200 kV高压线路继电保护配置方案,以保护电力系统运行稳定。     

A simple theory and evidence on the determinants of firm R&D

This paper derives a simple, but informative, model of firm R&D to figure out key factors that determine firm R&D effort. The model suggests a demand-pull, technology-push theory of R&D by showing that a firm's profit-maximizing R&D expenditure is determined jointly by both demand-side factors and technology-side factors. The former includes demand size (firm sales) and consumer preference over quality and price and the latter includes R&D cost structure or the production-cost effect of product R&D and firm-specific technological competence. In addition, the model shows that other things being equal, the stock of exogenous technological knowledge, including the firm's previously accumulated technological knowledge, relevant to current R&D which is negatively related with current R&D effort. An empirical analysis of firm R&D intensities and technological capabilities of more than 1600 firms in nine industries across six countries provides supportive evidence for the theory. Further, the theory implies that R&D intensity or the R&D-to-sales ratio is independent of firm size unless firm size affects technological competence and that given consumer preference and R&D cost structure facing all firms in the same industry, the distribution of firm-specific technological competence among firms determines the distribution of firm R&D intensities within the industry.     

Alfred Kahler's Die Theorie der Arbeiterfreisetzung durch die Maschine : An Early Contribution to the Analysis of the Impact of Automation on Workers

This paper provides a critical assessment of Alfred Kahler's pioneering contribution to the analysis of the impact of automation on workers in his 1932 dissertation thesis Die Theorie der Arbeiterfreisetzung durch die Maschine (The theory of the displacement of the worker by the machine). Kahler's analysis is shown to be an elaboration on Ricardo's and Marx's approach to the analysis of the labour displacement and compensation process. It is also shown that the arithmetical 'circulation schemes' developed by Kahler can be interpreted as an early formulation of a closed (static) input-output model. In addition, the paper also examines Kahler's rudimentary discussion of the associated price model and of the choice of technique problem.     

CO2 abatement policy with learning-by-doing in renewable energy

This paper analyzes the implications of CO₂ abatement when there is endogenous technological change in renewable energy. A multi-sector numerical general equilibrium model for Denmark is proposed to reflect two basic assumptions about technological progress in renewable energy. First, there is learning-by-doing and unit costs of production are a decreasing function of cumulated output. Second, technological progress only benefits new vintages of capital. The learning-by-doing process is calibrated to match current projections for technological progress in wind-based electricity. The implications are a marked reduction in the total and marginal cost of abatement and a decline in the optimal level of near-term abatement.