制造业外商直接投资技术溢出效应研究

论文认为跨国公司在中国采取了各种技术控制手段来削减或杜绝这种直接投资带来的积极效应,甚至引起技术的逆向扩散。通过实证分析,认为从总体上来看,外资在制造业的溢出效应还比较明显;按照内外资技术差距进行分组检验,发现技术差距大的一组中,外资的溢出效应不显著;按照外资企业开放度来分组进行研究,结果发现,外资的显著性都不高,这说明在我国,外资企业的开放程度对溢出效应的影响不明显。     

省域科技资源配置状况评价——以湖南省"两型社会"建设中的科技配置为例

通过借助SPSS统计软件,采用聚类分析、相关分析、因子分析等统计方法,以湖南为例,对省域地级市的科技资源配置状况进行分析评价,反映出我国省域科技支撑体系的构建离两型社会建设的要求存在一定的差距,在以城市为核心的一定省域空间范围内,科技资源配置综合状况存在明显的区际差异,区际科技资源优化共享与协调利用机制有待创新性改进;同时科技资源的区际差异性、多样性也反映出省域科技资源存在相当的开发潜力,按照两型社会建设的要求,选择、配置、利用好省域科技资源,提升整体科技实力是实现省域经济转型的必要途径。     

You'll never walk alone: Why we need a supply chain practice view on digital procurement

This paper conceptualizes digital procurement readiness as a dyadic construct and introduces the supply chain practice view (SCPV) as a theoretical lens that can help guide future research on digital procurement. We build on a literature review and on dyadic, explanatory case studies to provide a nuanced understanding of how the digital readiness of supply chain partners—on both sides of the dyad—needs to co-evolve for the implementation of digital procurement practices. Specifically, we outline how the SCPV can serve as both a holistic and a supply chain-specific framework for future research on the following: 1) the antecedents that help explain why supply chain partners adopt inter-organizational digital procurement practices, and 2) the relational performance outcomes derived from their use. For managers, this study implies the need to explicitly consider interactions with and influences of supply chain partners in their quest to rapidly and effectively digitalize procurement.     

The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm’s knowledge acquisition from a business incubator

This cross-cultural research project, involving the United States and Finland, explored how the entrepreneurial firm’s acquisition of business processes’ knowledge from interaction with incubator management positively impacts on new product development, increased technical competence, enhanced reputation and lower costs of sales to customers. In a sample of 52 firms, the study’s methodology depended on single response, self-reported data. The findings suggest that the sole knowledge benefits gained by the firm, from the incubator relationship, is a perception of enhanced reputation. Also, incubator managers should focus more on assisting new technology based firms with growing the venture in the marketplace. Funding for this project was provided by The National Science Foundation, and The National Technology Agency of Finland.     

Technology Transfer to China: A Theoretical Approach

SUMMARY

Various economic theories can be used to shed some light on the complex phenomenon of technology transfer between two firms belonging to two distinct economies. Vernon's PLC model, Dunning's eclectic theory, and Coase's and Williamson's transaction cost theory highlight various aspects of the firm's transnational economic and business relations. Moreover, the new international trade theories and the more modern concept of National Innovation System emphasize technology as a crucial variable in the determination of commercial flows and of economic growth. Our theoretical approach goes beyond these various approaches in that it is designed to reflect the complexities of the economic, socio-cultural and political conditions prevailing in the recipient country. In particular, the ability of recipient countries to use their bargaining power is highlighted. The case of technology transfer in the Chinese telecommunications equipment industry will illustrate our general framework.     

欧洲高校创业教育对中国高校的启迪

本文结合欧洲高校创业教育体制,以查尔姆斯理工大学为例,分析其创业教育体系的利弊,与中国高校创业教育进行分析比较,从政府、学校以及学生三方面来进行阐述。     

基于因子分析法的农技员技术推广行为综合评价

农技员的技术推广行为是影响农业技术推广效果的重要因素之一。基于农户的角度,通过6项指标全面、客观地评价了农技员的技术推广行为,并运用因子分析法得出农技员技术推广行为的综合得分,以为继续探究基层农技推广机构管理制度对农技员技术推广行为的影响奠定理论研究基础。     

技术创新绩效评价研究综述

国内外有关技术创新绩效评价的研究,主要是从技术创新的投入产出、创新效益、创新对象、创新过程,以及创新网络等视角来展开;而评价方法,大致可分为5类,即综合加权评价方法、前沿分析法、统计与数学方法、新型评价方法和组合法。通过梳理这些文献,对研究中尚存在的问题和未来的发展方向进行了分析。     

Characteristics of technology transfer in business ventures: the case of Daejeon, Korea

This article explores the characteristics of venture business and entrepreneurs in Korea to (1) identify technology transfer activities, (2) analyze the differences between technology transfer in linear and nonlinear venture businesses, and (3) guide more effective venture business policy and strategy. This empirical assessment reveals that entrepreneurs have insightful evaluations about their resources and capacities as well as expectations with regard to functions and features of science parks and incubators. Respondents from “linear model”-based start-ups tend to be older and have higher education, employ more basic research and development (R&D) and have more R&D-oriented careers, and have more varied work experience than “nonlinear”-based start-ups. The functions and features of science parks and incubators were generally not considered a critical influence on start-ups nor on the growth of venture businesses. Accordingly, alternative venture-nurturing strategies are discussed as being key to accelerate venture businesses growth.     

How an innovation is formed: A case study of Japanese word processors

An innovation is formed in the social system through the diffusion process, and artifacts that embody the innovation alter their aspects considerably. This study proposes an innovation-diffusion model on the assumption that an innovation interacts with a social system, which shows dynamic and self-organizing characteristics. That is, firstly, an innovation appears that overthrows the existing technological paradigm. Secondly, after the appearance of an innovation, engineers or relevant professionals witnessing the innovation conduct various kinds of trial and error to compete with each other. Thirdly, under passing through the turmoil period, the social system in which an innovation has been implemented becomes changing its structure. Fourthly, once an innovation has surpassed the irreversible phase, obtaining the dominant design, it becomes embedded into the social system. In order to verify the model, I refer to the diffusion process of the Japanese word processors into the Japanese society around 1980s. Following the result of this study, this paper points out that the diffusion theory should be reconsidered, especially about the meanings of the critical mass, the dichotomy of the innovator-imitator model, and so on. Besides, strategic planners or policy makers would do well to construct innovation strategies or technology policies to implement the innovation by affecting such factors as the internal and external influence factors and the population of the potential adopters.