制造业外商直接投资技术溢出效应研究

论文认为跨国公司在中国采取了各种技术控制手段来削减或杜绝这种直接投资带来的积极效应,甚至引起技术的逆向扩散。通过实证分析,认为从总体上来看,外资在制造业的溢出效应还比较明显;按照内外资技术差距进行分组检验,发现技术差距大的一组中,外资的溢出效应不显著;按照外资企业开放度来分组进行研究,结果发现,外资的显著性都不高,这说明在我国,外资企业的开放程度对溢出效应的影响不明显。     

省域科技资源配置状况评价——以湖南省"两型社会"建设中的科技配置为例

通过借助SPSS统计软件,采用聚类分析、相关分析、因子分析等统计方法,以湖南为例,对省域地级市的科技资源配置状况进行分析评价,反映出我国省域科技支撑体系的构建离两型社会建设的要求存在一定的差距,在以城市为核心的一定省域空间范围内,科技资源配置综合状况存在明显的区际差异,区际科技资源优化共享与协调利用机制有待创新性改进;同时科技资源的区际差异性、多样性也反映出省域科技资源存在相当的开发潜力,按照两型社会建设的要求,选择、配置、利用好省域科技资源,提升整体科技实力是实现省域经济转型的必要途径。     

Near and dear? The role of location in CSR engagement

Research summary : Building on economic geography and institutional theory, we develop and test theory relating geographic variables to the strength of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement and the cost of equity capital. For a large sample of U.S. firms over the period 1998–2009, we find strong and robust evidence that firms located in areas characterized by high levels of local CSR density score higher in CSR engagement. In addition, firms located close to major cities and financial centers exhibit higher CSR engagement compared to firms located in more remote areas. Moreover, the effect of CSR engagement on reducing equity financing costs is even greater for firms in high CSR density areas than for firms in low CSR density areas. Managerial summary : Does the location of CSR engagement by firms affect the strength of CSR engagement by their neighbors? Does the geography of engagement have an impact on financial performance? Our findings show that a firm's CSR engagement increases in areas where there is dense CSR engagement and when it is located near large cities. In these areas, norms, values, and knowledge related to CSR are transmitted to firms through face‐to‐face meetings and frequent social interactions with groups such as peers, labor unions, news media, universities, and community organizations, which tend to be concentrated in large cities. Our findings further highlight that CSR engagement reduces equity financing costs for firms in areas where CSR is widely practiced. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

生物识别技术在内部控制中的应用

建立健全内部控制是企业生存和发展的基础,内部控制的发展迫切要求理论和方法上的创新与发展,生物识别技术是一种利用人体生物特征来进行身份识别认证的技术。本文以COSO委员会发布的《内部控制整体框架》为基础,分析生物识别技术与内部控制的关系,探讨生物识别技术在企业内部控制中的应用,并对生物识别技术在内部控制应用中的局限性进行分析。     

Applied Spatial Econometrics: Raising the Bar

Abstract

This paper places the key issues and implications of the new ‘introductory’ book on spatial econometrics by James LeSage & Kelley Pace (2009) in a broader perspective: the argument in favour of the spatial Durbin model, the use of indirect effects as a more valid basis for testing whether spatial spillovers are significant, the use of Bayesian posterior model probabilities to determine which spatial weights matrix best describes the data, and the book's contribution to the literature on spatio-temporal models. The main conclusion is that the state of the art of applied spatial econometrics has taken a step change with the publication of this book.

Relever le niveau de l'économetrie spatial appliquée

RÉSUMÉ La présente communication place les principales questions et implications du nouvel ouvrage d'introduction sur l'économétries spatiale de James LeSage & Kelley Pace (2009) dans un contexte plus général: l'argument favorisant le modèle spatial de Durbin, l'emploi d'effets indirects comme base plus valable pour évaluer l'aspect significatif des déversements spatiaux, l'emploi des probabilités d'un modèle baysien postérieur pour évaluer laquelle des matrices de poids spatiaux décrit le mieux les donnes, et la contribution de l'ouvrage la documentation sur les modèles spatio-temporels. La principale conclusion est qu'avec la publication de cet ouvrage, l'état de l'art de l'économétries spatiale applique a effectué un grand pas en avant.

Alzar el nivel de la econometría espacial aplicada

RÉSUMÉ Este trabajo plantea las cuestiones e implicaciones clave del nuevo libro introductorio sobre económetra espacial de James LeSage & Kelley Pace (2009) dentro de una perspectiva más amplia: el argumento a favor del modelo espacial Durbin, el uso de efectos indirectos como una base más válida para poner a prueba si los desbordamientos espaciales son significativos, el uso de probabilidades posteriores bayesianas para descubrir que matriz de pesos espaciales describe mejor los datos, y la contribución del libro a la bibliógrafa sobre modelos espaciotemporales. La principal conclusión es que la econometría espacial aplicada más avanzada ha experimentado un cambio radical con la publicación de este libro.

     

You'll never walk alone: Why we need a supply chain practice view on digital procurement

This paper conceptualizes digital procurement readiness as a dyadic construct and introduces the supply chain practice view (SCPV) as a theoretical lens that can help guide future research on digital procurement. We build on a literature review and on dyadic, explanatory case studies to provide a nuanced understanding of how the digital readiness of supply chain partners—on both sides of the dyad—needs to co-evolve for the implementation of digital procurement practices. Specifically, we outline how the SCPV can serve as both a holistic and a supply chain-specific framework for future research on the following: 1) the antecedents that help explain why supply chain partners adopt inter-organizational digital procurement practices, and 2) the relational performance outcomes derived from their use. For managers, this study implies the need to explicitly consider interactions with and influences of supply chain partners in their quest to rapidly and effectively digitalize procurement.     

信息技术在林火探测中的应用

本文在介绍信息技术的基础上。搜集了大量的林火探测方法,分析了人为探测的优缺点以及利用信息技术进行林火探测的必要性。信息技术在林火探测中的应用主要包括4个方面：红外探测、感烟探测、卫星遥感探测和视频图像探测。本文分析了各种信息技术的探火原理以及优缺点,并指出在不同的环境背景下应该选择不同的信息技术进行林火探测．必要的时候可以使用复合型的林火探测方式。一般来说,红外探测和感烟探测比较适合近距离的林火探测．因为红外和烟雾容易受周围环境的影响而有不同程度的削减;对于大面积的森林监测应该采用卫星遥感技术,但由于其覆盖周期长,应用于林火探测上尚有一定距离,在林火灾后评估方面有很好的应用效果;视频图像林火探测是一门新兴的信息技术,虽然有其他方法所不可比拟的优越性,但在应用过程中,其缺点也应受到人们的重视。随着信息技术日新月异的发展,林火探测技术将会越来越科学、准确。     

Analyzing quantile spillover effects among international financial markets

This paper investigates the quantile-based spillover effects among 17 stock markets from January 1993 to January 2022, utilizing a quantile approach based on the variance decomposition of a quantile vector autoregression (QVAR) model. Compared with the traditional mean-based spillover measures, this new quantile approach allows for a nuanced investigation of spillovers at every quantile and capture spillovers under extreme events. The results show that: (1) the total spillover is high and exhibits strong time-varying characteristics, and the tail spillover is higher and more complex in scale and direction; (2) the spillover at each quantile level shows an upward trend, especially during the 2008 crisis and the COVID-19 epidemic; (3) developed countries (or regions) are the net exporters of stock market spillovers, while the developing countries are the net importers; and (4) the 17 stock markets constitute different local financial networks, which may be related to economic conditions and geographical location.     

技术差距视角下我国不同性质企业创新效率研究

本文利用共同前沿理论和DEA模型测算分析2005~2010年我国不同性质企业技术创新效率差异、损失来源以及影响机制。结果表明：考察期内我国企业创新效率整体水平偏低,还有42.1%的提升空间,纯技术效率和规模效率均不高。共同前沿下效率值均不超过群组前沿下效率值,TGR值显示,外资、港澳台资与内资企业的技术差距均位于0.2~0.4,且存在差距继续扩大的风险。不同性质企业效率损失根源存在显著差异,港澳台资和外资企业效率缺失主要受制于落后的企业管理水平;内资企业则因生产技术差距和管理不当所造成的效率损失均占有一定比例。企业性质、企业规模、市场竞争程度和政府金融支持对效率提升具有积极影响,企业规模在政府金融支持与效率关系中起负向调节作用。     

Technological adoption and use after mass market displacement: The case of the LP record

This paper investigates the reasons why some technologies, defying general expectations and the established models of technological change, may not disappear from the market after having been displaced from their once-dominant status. Our point of departure is that the established models of technological change are not suitable to explain this as they predominantly focus on technological dominance, giving attention to the technologies that display highest performance levels and gain greatest market share. And yet, technological landscapes are rife with technological designs that do not fulfil these conditions. Using the LP record as an empirical case, we propose that the central mechanism at play in the continuing market presence of once-dominant technologies is the recasting of their technological features from the functional-utilitarian to the aesthetic realm, with an additional element concerning communal interaction among users. The findings that emerge from our quantitative textual analysis of over 200,000 posts on a prominent online LP-related discussion forum (between 2002 and 2010) also suggest that the post-dominance technology adopters and users appear to share many key characteristics with the earliest adopters of new technologies, rather than with late-stage adopters which precede them.