科技人才政策的阶段性特征

以“九五”时期以来浙江省颁布的119份科技人才政策为研究样本,采用“政策年度”、“适用对象”、“政策类别”和“政策文种”四维度对政策文本进行计量分析。研究发现,不同时期浙江省科技人才政策与该时期的浙江省经济和社会发展战略导向密切相关,但是政策有明显的阶段性特征,其连续性和稳定性亟待提高;有关人才评价、人才激励以及人才保障类型的政策需进一步完善;已颁布政策有较强规范性和约束性,而指导性与可操作性不强。     

Resource conflict in Kenya’s titanium mining industry: Ethno-ecology and the redefinition of ownership,control, and compensation

The literature on community-mining enterprise conflict is currently dominated by discourses on equity, compensation, land ownership, and environmental degradation. While much debate has dwelled on whether mining is a curse or a blessing, little attention has been given to highlight the meanings that communities attach to the assets being fought over, and the need therefore to review existing laws on mining, and practices to reflect these realities.

The displacement of over 3000 residents in Kwale, Kenya to make way for the mining of titanium has raised serious concerns over indigenous resource ownership and control in Kenya’s mining industry, calling for a fresh look at the Kenyan mining law. Using an ethno-ecological approach, this article explains how a community’s loss of land assets can induce a sense of vulnerability which can prefigure conflict. The conflict demonstrates the need for a more sensitive approach to community resource ownership and indigenous mineral control.     

2009印尼矿业法的简析与启示

印尼是世界上矿产资源非常丰富的国家.自印尼2001年实行地方自治以来,外国对印尼矿业投资处于下滑状态.矿业法律出现的诸多问题与印尼政府发展本国矿业的宏观定位发生了剧烈冲突.各方博弈之后,国会终于批准了在2009年生效的新<矿产与煤炭法>.2009矿业法对既往法律和矿业制度进行了全新改造,对其主要制度进行对比,可得出该法对我国的借鉴意义.     

中国高新技术政策30年:政策文本分析的视角

从高新技术政策文本的视角,对中国30年来高新技术政策的整个发展历程进行实证分析,并将其划分为5个时期,即恢复与探索期、启动与发展期、应用与成熟期、转型与法制期、跨越与创新期,最后对高新技术政策进行了简要的总结与评述。 ?     

Development and implementation of customer solutions: A study of process dynamics and market shaping

A broad, dynamic network perspective on solution processes remains scarce. This article presents the process of developing and implementing customer solutions and its effects on the wider business environment by investigating customers and suppliers in the global mining industry (Australia, Chile, and Sweden), analyzing the deployment of a new customer solution, and assessing the changes to the competitive environment and focal firms' relationships with other customers and suppliers. It shows that the forces that drive customer and supplier interests and motivation to co-develop customer solutions may change over time, thus redefining the aim and scope of solutions and creating failure risks. Customers present problems; suppliers respond, on the basis of not only the feasibility of the customer-specific solution but also of their evaluation of future solutions in a broader market; then suppliers aim to standardize successful solutions across markets. Customers want close supplier relationships and unique solutions but also like standardized and repeatable solutions, so they can share development costs with competitors and expose the supplier to competition to avoid lock-in effects. From a network perspective, a novel solution can have a market-shaping effect and evoke reactions from other actors who want to enhance their market position. However, these changes are not necessarily deliberate, and the dynamics that market introductions of solutions trigger may be difficult to predict.     

Mining landscape: A cultural tourist opportunity or an environmental problem?: The study case of the Cartagena-La Unión Mining District (SE Spain)

Abandoned industrial sites have traditionally constituted an important source of environmental problems. However, such sites are considered in many cases a historic heritage, and in this way, have been protected with different legal dispositions. Mining activities can be considered a special type of industrial site in that they encompass not only architectural but also landscape elements related to geology or topography. The necessity of developing new economic opportunities in these places, whose economy has been traditionally based on the “mining monoculture”, has resulted in the creation of a cultural revival in some mining sites. Nevertheless, these new economic potentials must be compatible with the obligation to maintain a low environmental risk in sites where the heavy metal concentrations are very high. The Cartagena-La Unión Mining District in Southern Spain is an example of such a case. This paper reviews the environmental situation in that area and the initiatives for establishing a cultural tourism. The goal of this paper is to incite the public debate about the balance between environmental risks, cultural safeguarding and economic development.     

数据挖掘技术在证券业营销策略分析系统中的应用

我国证券市场的建立与发展,取得了举世瞩目的成就.随着"以客户为中心"的经营理念的不断深入人心,分析客户、了解客户并引导客户的需求已成为企业经营的重要课题.本文针对当前我国证券行业的背景进行了深入的分析,着重从证券行业营销策略中应解决的关键业务及关键问题入手,充分利用数据挖掘技术等先进技术对当前证券行业营销策略分析提出了行之有效的系统解决方案.     

Literature-related discovery (LRD): Lessons learned, and future research directions

Literature-related discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more literature concepts that have heretofore not been linked (i.e., disjoint), in order to produce novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible knowledge (i.e., potential discovery). The open discovery systems (ODS) component of LRD starts with a problem to be solved, and generates solutions to that problem through potential discovery. We have been using ODS LRD to identify potential treatments or preventative actions for challenging medical problems, among myriad other applications. The five immediately preceding papers in this Special Issue describe the application of ODS LRD to Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP), cataracts, Parkinson's Disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Water Purification (WP). We describe the lessons learned from each application, and how the techniques can be improved further.Generation of much potential discovery using ODS LRD is possible when the conceptual roadblocks to discovery are removed. Some of these roadblocks include use of numerical filters that are unrelated to generating discovery, and excessive reliance on literatures directly related to the problem literature of interest. The issue of how to handle large amounts of potential discovery has not been addressed in the literature, since most ODS LRD researchers have tried to find a relatively few potential discovery items. We present a development strategy that capitalizes on the large amounts of potential discovery we have identified.     

“多言寡行”的环境责任表现能否影响银行信贷获取——基于“言”和“行”双维度的文本分析

基于我国推行绿色信贷的政策背景,本文考察了企业“多言寡行”的环境责任表现能否影响银行的信贷决策。研究发现:(1)从总体来看,“多言寡行”的环境责任表现有助于企业获取更多的银行借款。(2)相比于长期银行借款,“多言寡行”对于短期银行借款的正向影响更为明显。(3)《关于构建绿色金融体系的指导意见》的出台抑制了“多言寡行”对银行借款的正向影响。(4)进一步分析发现,相比于环境责任表现“少言多行”以及“少言寡行”的企业,企业“多言寡行”的环境责任表现对于银行的信贷资源具有显著的正向影响;“多言寡行”对银行借款的正向影响在无背景关联、价值较低以及市场环境更差的企业中更为明显。本文有助于信贷机构认识到绿色信贷政策面临的执行风险,为确保绿色信贷的健康发展提供了新的决策参考。     

Accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company: 1864-1900

This paper presents the results of an inquiry into the accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company during the nineteenth century. For several decades following its incorporation in 1864 the St. Joseph Lead Company maintained a very crude double-entry bookkeeping system that lacked detailed cost accounting records. In fact, there is little evidence of any type of industrial accounting prior to 1890 when a direct cost responsibility accounting system was established. Thus, the industrial accounting procedures of the St. Joseph Lead Company appear to have lagged far behind the practices of the contemporary British and American mining firms which have been the objects of recent studies. The investigation thereby reveals considerable diversity in the industrial accounting practices of the American mining industry during the second half of the nineteenth century.