我国封闭式基金折价与基金运行绩效的相关性检验

笔者以我国的封闭式基金为样本,利用面板数据建模,综合考量了基金折价率与基金绩效指标间相关关系.研究结果发现,基金绩效指标对当期折价指标有显著的负的影响;而当期的基金折价指标不能准确预测未来绩效水平,即基金折价率并没有提供对未来基金绩效的有价值信息.     

关于制定饭店客房价格若干方法的讨论

在激烈的市场经济条件下,饭店制定灵活的房价政策尤其重要。介绍了成本为主定价策略的若干具体方法,建议饭店应根据具体情况灵活多样地制定本企业的房价。     

我国经济增长预测研究新探——基于分类变量的扩散指标法

基于分类变量的扩散指标方法是在Stock and Watson所提出的扩散指标法的基础上,利用变量之间的相似系数先对变量进行聚类分析,根据各变量的相似程度的大小分为几个变量子集,然后分别从变量子集中提取扩散指标。应用基于变量分类的扩散指标方法对我国经济增长的预测结果表明,同扩散指标法相比,该方法更加充分利用了原始数据中的有用信息,预测精度很高,因而是对经济增长进行预测的另一种有效方法。     

我国企业进出口行为与汇率关系的实证研究

本文采用协整方法分析了人民币实际有效汇率对我国企业进出口行为的影响,进而研究了人民币实际有效汇率、GDP对进出口影响的短期动态调整机制。研究结果表明,从长期来看,进出口方程的各个经济变量之间存在协整关系,即各个变量之间存在长期均衡。这说明人民币实际有效汇率对我国进出口有一定的影响,但影响相对较小,我国汇率的变化对进出口的调节作用有限。     

Finite Dimensional Affine Realisations of HJM Models in Terms of Forward Rates and Yields

Finite dimensional Markovian HJM term structure models provide ideal settings for the study of term structure dynamics and interest rate derivatives where the flexibility of the HJM framework and the tractability of Markovian models coexist. Consequently, these models became the focus of a series of papers including Carverhill (1994), Ritchken and Sankarasubramanian (1995), Bhar and Chiarella (1997), Inui and Kijima (1998), de Jong and Santa-Clara (1999), Björk and Svensson (2001) and Chiarella and Kwon (2001a). However, these models usually required the introduction of a large number of state variables which, at first sight, did not appear to have clear links to the market observed quantities, and the explicit realisations of the forward rate curve in terms of the state variables were unclear. In this paper, it is shown that the forward rate curves for these models are affine functions of the state variables, and conversely that the state variables in these models can be expressed as affine functions of a finite number of forward rates or yields. This property is useful, for example, in the estimation of model parameters. The paper also provides explicit formulae for the bond prices in terms of the state variables that generalise the formulae given in Inui and Kijima (1998), and applies the framework to obtain affine representations for a number of popular interest rate models.     

员工教育与中国制造业企业生产率——基于世界银行调查数据的研究

通过构建异质性企业模型,本文从理论上探讨了员工教育对企业生产率的作用,并基于世界银行2012年中国制造业企业调查数据进行检验。结果显示:在控制人口和经济密度等因素基础上,各省(市)平均出生率是企业员工教育合格的工具变量;提高员工教育水平可显著促进制造业企业生产率增长。另外,员工教育在大企业中对生产率的促进作用明显高于中小企业;资本密集度提高有利于发挥员工教育对企业生产率的促进作用;生育率与员工教育负相关,出生率每增加1‰,员工平均教育将减少0. 423年。在添加控制变量、分组检验和更换工具变量后,所得结论依然稳健。     

The British low-wage sector and the employment prospects of the unemployed

Are low wages a way for the unemployed to switch to higher-paying jobs? Using data from the British Household Panel Survey, the labour market dynamics of unemployed, low-paid and higher-paid employed men are analysed. Moreover, the respective (un)employment duration and occupational skill level are accounted for. Results show that in general low wages significantly reduce the risk of future unemployment and increase the chances of ascending the salary ladder, especially in the case of long-term unemployment (>360 days). Furthermore, the occupational skill level has a substantial influence on the upward mobility of low-paid jobs: individuals working in the initial period in a low-paid and higher-skilled occupation have on average an 11 percentage points higher probability of entering higher pay compared to when working in a low-paid and low-skilled occupation.     

Estimating matching functions when recruiting intensity matters

The article estimates matching functions – the relationships between new hires, job vacancies and unemployment – using monthly time series data for Sweden. The data contain rich information on types of job vacancies which provides information on firms’ recruiting efforts. The analysis shows that the aggregate flow of new hires is well explained by an augmented version of a standard matching function that incorporates data on firms’ recruiting intensity.     

人民币实际汇率水平的合理性评估:1994-2008

本文基于行为均衡汇率模型,采用1994年第1季度-2008年第2季度的时序数据样本,运用自回归分布滞后模型测算了人民币均衡实际汇率,并对人民币实际汇率的合理性进行了评估.分析结果表明,经济基本面因素能较好地拟合人民币实际汇率的变化过程;人民币实际汇率经历了三次低估和三次高估,但失调程度并不严重.     

Domestic financial market frictions,unrestricted international capital flows,and crises in small open economies

Summary. We present an example of a small open economy where small increases in the world interest rate may induce a sharp decline in output and a precipitous depreciation of the exchange rate. Due to a costly state verification problem in domestic credit markets, combined with unrestricted international capital flows, our economy generates two long-run equilibria, one with low GDP and a relatively depreciated real exchange rate (RER), and one with high GDP and a relatively appreciated RER. The first is always a saddle, while the second may be a sink or a source, depending on the level of the world interest rate. A crisis is identified with the economy switching from an equilibrium path approaching the high-output steady state to the saddlepath approaching the low-output steady state. In Mexicos recent history, periods of growth associated with appreciation of the RER have alternated with periods of sharp contraction and depreciation of the RER. Our economy displays such behavior in response to changes in the world interest rate.Received: 9 April 2002, Revised: 20 March 2003JEL Classification Numbers: E5, F4.G. Antinolfi, E. Huybens: We thank Steve Fazzari, Tim Kehoe, Todd Keister, Manuel Santos, Karl Shell and especially Bruce Smith for very helpful discussions. Jaime Calleja Alderete, Eduardo Camero Godínez, and Juan Vargas Hernández provided excellent research assistance. All remaining errors are ours. Huybens was an assistant professor in the Centro de Investigación Económica, ITAM, at the time this article was written, and part of this work was completed while Antinolfi was a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The views expressed herein are those of the authors, and do not reflect those of the World Bank or the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Correspondence to: G. Antinolfi