社会资本与个人创新意识关系研究

通过世界价值观调查数据库,对比中、美两国样本,研究了社会资本对个人创新意识的影响。结构方程模型输出结果显示,结构型社会资本对创新意识有积极作用,但认知型社会资本无显著影响。这说明社会资本中的社交活动因素有助于创新意识提高,但信任和价值观因素的作用不显著。另外,社会资本对不同群体创新意识的促进作用存在差异。     

Value creation and business models: Refocusing the intellectual capital debate

There is currently significant debate worldwide regarding business reporting. The concept of the ‘business model’ has entered into the discourse, as has the concept of ‘integrated reporting’, adding to the established debate regarding accounting for intangible assets and, more generally, intellectual capital (IC). Despite the tradition of extensive interdisciplinary borrowing in accounting, relevant literatures on business models and on modern managerial perspectives on competitive advantage have, to date, largely been ignored within the accounting literature. The main contribution of this conceptual paper is to identify and discuss the key features of these literature strands and their linkage to contemporary debates on narrative reporting. These conceptual linkages between IC, value creation and business models are illustrated by means of interview evidence from eleven company cases. It is concluded that the business model concept offers a powerful overarching concept within which to refocus the IC debate. The concept is holistic, multi-level, boundary-spanning and dynamic. The analysis supports the current calls for integrated disclosure around the central business model story. Suggestions for future research are offered.     

基于价值创造的企业治理新标准:EVA管理

20世纪90年代以来,传统的以会计利润为核心的业绩评价和激励体制受到了众多国内外学者的质疑和挑战。与此相反,考虑到权益资本成本的EVA管理模式无论在理论界还是在企业界都得到了极大的推广和运用,甚至有学者称之为"EVA革命"。笔者对此加以探讨。     

企业家·生命·周期及其价值提升研究

互企业家生命周期是指企业家所面临的一个从起步到成长、从成长到成熟、从成熟到衰退的过程。本文从分析企业家生命周期的内涵出发,探讨了影响企业家生命周期的因素,企业家生命周期与企业家价值之间的关系,得出可以通过优化企业家生命周期来提升企业家价值;最后提出了一些优化企业家生命周期的具体途径。     

乡镇企业与小城镇良性互动的对策思考

发展乡镇企业和小城镇,是中国解决农业、农村、农民问题的两个重大战略和根本方针,而二者又是互相影响、相互制约的。它们的协调发展对发展农业、富裕农民、繁荣农村、实现国民经济的快速健康发展具有重要意义。应坚持保护农业和农民利益、市场化、法制化等原则,从宏观和微观方面采取得力措施,实现二者的良性互动。     

投资者保护、集中的所有权与公司价值

在不同的国家中,对投资者保护的法律制度、法律执行质量和会计标准存在很大的差异。在一定程度上,股权集中是对投资者法律保护的替代。对投资者的法律保护与公司价值间存在正相关关系;集中的所有权有助于改善公司价值。为了保护投资者的利益,我国应该完善对投资者的法律保护,提高执法质量和会计质量,促进股权的适度集中。     

我国城市农民工劳动供给曲线的理论分析和实证检验

从我国存在巨大的区域经济差异出发,如果假定劳动力从落后地区向发达的城市转移,不是决定于两地区的工资之差,而是决定于城市的工资与落后地区劳动力在城市的生存成本和需要其负担的家属在落后地区的生存成本即转移劳动力的基础价值之差,并且假定在城市的劳动力供给市场上,随着工作时间的延长和实际小时工资的降低,存在劳动力的退出,并且退出劳动力减少的劳动供给大于留在劳动力市场中的劳动者增加的劳动量,则城市农民工的劳动供给曲线是一条以落后地区转移劳动力的最低基础价值为起点、向右上方倾斜、其不同阶段存在不同斜率、且斜率随城市劳动力供求状况而变动的曲线.     

VAT attacks!

Like the theory of the second best that the 2006 congress marks, the value added tax (VAT) is now fifty years old. Judged by the extent and speed of its spread around the world, and the revenue that it raises, the VAT would seem to have been a remarkable success. Over the last few years, however, it has come under a series of attacks. This paper considers three of the most prominent of these. One is the fear (raised mainly in the United States) that the VAT actually does too good a job of raising tax revenue—which raises the empirical question of whether it has indeed proved as effective a source of revenue as its proponents claim and its opponents fear. The second is the view that the VAT does a bad job of taxing the informal sector—and that tariffs might consequently be a better revenue-raising instrument for many developing countries. The third attack is the most literal, by criminals rather than theorists: in the European Union and elsewhere, sophisticated VAT fraud, targeting its refund provisions, has become a serious concern. The paper also argues, more generally, that the many unanswered questions concerning the VAT reflect an unfortunate disconnect between the development of the tax itself and of second best tax analysis. I am grateful to Ben Lockwood and Stephen Smith for allowing me to draw on our joint work, and to Vidar Christiansen, Sijbren Cnossen, Isaias Coelho, Alain Jousten, Victoria Perry, and Emil Sunley for many helpful comments and suggestions. Views and errors remain mine alone, and should not be attributed to the International Monetary Fund.     

基于AHP的种子期科技创业企业价值评估指标体系构建

由于种子期科技创业企业具有当前资本纯投入性,未来收益不确定性、技术不可比性等特征,传统的企业价值评估方法无法对其价值进行准确评估。因此,本文结合种子期科技型40业企业的特点,构建了适合种子期科技44业企业的价值评估指标体系,应用层次分析法（AHP）对指标体系进行权重设置,指出在进行评价时应着重考虑创业团队、产品与技术和市场吸引力三大因素,并对指标体系的运用做出了说明。     

增值税征税范围的国际比较与思考

本文通过对国际上实施增值税国家的增值税征税范围的比较分析 ,指出我国现行增值税在征税范围上存在的对于农业和劳务处理方面的问题。提出借鉴外国增值税转型经验改革我国增值税制在征税范围上的规定 ,以完善我国增值税制度