汇率波动、金融市场化与出口

本文基于高度细化的企业-产品-出口目的地层面海关出口交易数据,考察2002-2009年间汇率波动对我国企业出口的影响。结果表明,当中国与目的地汇率波动增加时,中国企业出口额、出口产品的种类都会显著减少,并且在产品结构上企业出口会更多集中于核心产品,而金融市场化程度的提高会显著抑制汇率波动的负面作用。当金融市场化水平从平均值提高10%,企业出口额、出口产品种类、产品集中度相对于汇率波动的弹性分别降低30.4%、37.5%和35.7%。本文在微观层面上为加快国内金融市场化进程、降低信贷约束提供了支持。     

中央银行沟通对人民币汇率波动的影响

本文首先在开放经济环境下基于传统非套补利率平价理论,将中央银行沟通指示器引入理论模型进行研究。然后以2006年10月-2014年12月期间中国人民银行沟通频数和人民币汇率数据为样本,采用EGARCH模型实证分析了中央银行沟通对人民币汇率波动的总体影响、不同沟通渠道以及口头沟通的不同主体、不同内容和不同货币政策取向沟通对人民币汇率波动的影响程度。实证结果显示:(1)中央银行沟通对人民币汇率波动有较为显著的影响;(2)书面沟通的作用效果优于口头沟通;(3)口头沟通中行长沟通与他人沟通相比更有效;(4)口头沟通中关于货币政策取向沟通的效果优于宏观经济展望;(5)宽松意图沟通的效果优于紧缩意图。本文的研究表明,中央银行沟通可在汇率的预期管理中发挥积极作用,促进汇率平稳波动;在沟通策略上,应注重发展口头沟通,并重视宽松意图沟通的运用。     

Using implied volatility jumps for realized volatility forecasting: Evidence from the Chinese market

This study examines the Chinese implied volatility index (iVIX) to determine whether jump information from the index is useful for volatility forecasting of the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50ETF. Specifically, we consider the jump sizes and intensities of the 50ETF and iVIX as well as cojumps. The findings show that both the jump size and intensity of the 50ETF can improve the forecasting accuracy of the 50ETF volatility. Moreover, we find that the jump size and intensity of the iVIX provide no significant predictive ability in any forecasting horizon. The cojump intensity of the 50ETF and iVIX is a powerful predictor for volatility forecasting of the 50ETF in all forecasting horizons, and the cojump size is helpful for forecasting in short forecasting horizon. In addition, for a one-day forecasting horizon, the iVIX jump size in the cojump is more predictive of future volatility than that of the 50ETF when simultaneous jumps occur. Our empirical results are robust and consistent. This work provides new insights into predicting asset volatility with greater accuracy.     

基于修正加权变异系数的电力调度公平性指标

根据电量预测的偏差、机组少发电量及被核减的合同电量对电量完成率的影响,分别定义了修正后的合同电量完成率;借鉴经济学领域中的修正加权变异系数,用修正后的电量完成率,从单纯的只考虑电量完成率与考虑各机组之间年度合同电量差异的电量完成率2个角度,构造了基于修正加权变异系数的合同电量执行公平性指标,并以某省2006年直调电厂发电量数据进行了计算。结果表明：这2个公平性指标能够较好地反映合同电量完成率、完成电量的分散程度及调度机构对合同电量调度的公平程度,并能够得到从年度开始到某时刻的合同电量完成情况及调度执行的公平度,可以指导调度机构在后续月份中更好地实现公平调度。     

汇率与股价的溢出效应及长期联动性——基于汇改后中国市场的实证研究

随着中国资本市场改革的深化,市场间的互动关系逐步回归市场化关联。本文运用协整检验、Granger因果检验、多元GARCH模型研究了汇率与股价的互动关系。研究结果表明:在长期联动性方面,汇率与股价存在稳定的长期均衡关系;在价格溢出方面,只存在汇率到股价的单向引导关系;波动溢出方面,汇市的波动冲击会影响股市,而股市的波动对汇市无明显影响。进一步的研究中,本文估算了汇率波动对股市开盘价及收盘价的影响大小。     

本次经济危机主要大宗商品期货价格波动性研究

本文在分析本次次债危机以来主要大宗商品价格变动情况的基础上,建立了ARMA和E-GARCH模型及ARMA和TARCH模型来描述本轮经济周期中石油、铜、铝、黄金、大豆和玉米等大宗商品的期货价格收益序列的波动性特征。自相关分析发现不同商品期货市场的有效性略有差异,原油和铜市场更为有效;ARMA和非对称GARCH模型表明,主要商品收益波动均具有积聚效应,原油和铝收益波动具有杠杆效应,坏消息对原油收益波动的冲击大于好消息,好消息对铝收益波动的冲击大于坏消息。     

Measuring real–financial connectedness in the U.S. economy

We analyze the connectedness between the real and the financial sectors of the U.S. economy. Using the weekly ADS index of the Philadelphia Fed (the widely used business conditions indicator) to represent the real side, we find that during times of financial distress and business cycle turning points, the direction of connectedness runs from the real sector to financial markets. The ADS index is derived from a model containing a measure of term structure along with real variables. Therefore, it might not be the best representative of the real activity used in the connectedness analysis. As an alternative, we derive a real activity index (RAI) from a dynamic factor model of the real sector variables only. The behavior of RAI over time is quite similar to that of the ADS index. When we include RAI to represent the real side, connectedness from the real side to financial markets weakens substantially, while the connectedness from financial markets to the real side becomes more pronounced.     

Realized volatility forecasting: Robustness to measurement errors

In this paper, we suggest how to handle the issue of the heteroskedasticity of measurement errors when specifying dynamic models for the conditional expectation of realized variance. We show that either adding a GARCH correction within an asymmetric extension of the $\mathsf{HAR}$  class ($\mathsf{AHAR}$-$\mathsf{GARCH}$), or working within the class of asymmetric multiplicative error models ($\mathsf{AMEM}$) greatly reduces the need for quarticity/quadratic terms to capture attenuation bias. This feature in $\mathsf{AMEM}$ can be strengthened by considering regime specific dynamics. Model Confidence Sets confirm this robustness both in- and out-of-sample for a panel of 28 big caps and the S&P500 index.     

基于使用方视角的车辆装备性能指标体系研究

为实现车辆装备能力要求与特性指标之间的映射关系,提出了"基于使用方视角的车辆装备性能指标体系"的概念,基于使用方视角,对使用方总体的、基本的要求进行分解,逐层细化,直到与特性指标建立联系,从而形成了包括目标层、关联层和要素层的三级结构指标体系,保证车辆装备性能测试与评价的有效性和全面性。     

Monetary policy transparency in a forward-looking market: Evidence from the United States

Because unsatisfactory measures of the monetary policy transparency were used, the existing literature found mixed empirical results for the relationship between the monetary policy transparency and risk/volatility. This paper extends the literature by using a recently developed monetary transparency index [Kia’s (2011) index] which is dynamic and continuous. Furthermore, the existing literature ignores the fact that market participants can be forward looking and, therefore, not policy invariant. This study also finds that the agents in the market are not policy invariant and the more transparent the monetary policy is the less risky and volatile the money market will be.