基金股票仓位与A股市场走势相关性研究

在划分股市牛熊周期的基础上,采用VECM模型和VAR方法对基金股票仓位变动与股票市场走势之间关系进行研究,结果表明基金股票仓位与股票市场收益率二者之间的关系存在着显著性和非稳定性,即基金作为主要机构投资者对股票市场的走势具有重要影响作用,而在股市的各个不同阶段,基金持仓比例的波动与A股指数收益率二者之间的关系各不相同。     

Detecting policy effects with wage rigidity and instability – evidence on the Taiwan labour market

With stagnant wages and growing productivity, a widening gap is becoming prevalent in global labour markets. The relationship between wages and productivity has become indeterminate, especially after the 2008 financial crisis. This article presents the phenomenon for why salary rarely follows up with productivity after an economy recovers. By using the GMM method, this study shows the interaction among wage, productivity and tightness, in which we illustrate the Taiwan labour market as an example to show how hiring system changes press wages away from an efficient allocation, causing instability and market failure. Surveying 35 labour markets for different industries, we reveal that the situation in the labour markets has drastically changed since 2008. We find that this resulted in a severe problem when the Taiwan firms got used to policies like ‘22K’, ‘fix-term contract’ and ‘unpaid leave’ programmes. These plans negatively impacted the economy and raised market failure with instability.     

Is inequality an inevitable by-product of skill-biased technical change?

This article examines trends in relative wages between high- and medium-skilled workers and between medium- and low-skilled workers in Finland, Germany, Italy, South Korea and the US over the period 1970–2005. It is found that there are large differences in the evolution wage inequality across the countries in our sample, with some countries showing a long-run upward trend in relative wages (such as the US, Germany and Italy) and others showing a long-run downward trend (such as Finland and Korea). The main conclusion from our results is that inequality is not an inevitable by-product of technological change.     

When a Door Closes,a Window Opens? Long‐Term Labor Market Effects of Involuntary Separations

This study estimates the earning losses of workers experiencing an involuntary job separation. We employ, for the first time in the earning losses literature, a Poisson pseudo‐maximum‐likelihood estimator with fixed effects that has several advantages with respect to conventional fixed effects models. The Poisson estimator allows considering the full set of involuntary separations, including those with zero labor market earnings because of unemployment. By including individuals with zero earnings and by using our new method, the loss in the year of separation becomes larger than in previous studies. The loss starts with roughly 30% and, although it quickly shrinks, it remains at around 15% in the following years. In addition, we find that compared to other reasons for separation, the earning loss pattern is unique for involuntary separations, because no other type of separation implies such permanent scarring. This latter finding makes us confident that the self‐reported involuntariness of a separation is a reliable source of information.     

英语技能在中国劳动力市场的工资溢价测算

作为人力资本的一种形式,语言能力在劳动力市场很可能有一定的经济回报。文章采用CFPS、CLDS和CGSS三套数据,检验了英语的工资回报效应。总体上,英语存在显著的"工资溢价"效应,且这种效应具有异质性。例如,年龄较大、受教育程度较高、从事管理和技术职业以及东部地区劳动者的英语经济回报率显著,同时英语能力对城市居民的影响要大于农村居民,对城市本地居民的影响要大于农民工。另外,在工资回报率上,英语的听说能力要明显大于英语的读写能力,而口语的作用又要大于听力。     

Economic geography and wages in Brazil: Evidence from micro-data

This paper estimates the impact of market and supplier access on wage disparities across Brazilian states, incorporating the control for individual characteristics into the new economic geography methodology. We estimate market and supplier access disaggregated by industry, and we compute access to local, national and international markets separately. We find a strong correlation between market access and wage differentials, even after controlling for individual characteristics, market access level (international, national or local), and using instrumental variables.     

最低工资标准与劳动者待遇:统一抑或排斥

最低工资制度的存废至今仍处于争议之中,我国中央政府、地方政府与企业三者的目标函数不同,最低工资标准陷于标准过低的权宜困境,其调整并没有真正惠及劳动者,因此要求重新定位我国的最低工资制度:明确最低工资制度的社会保障制度归属,政府应该承担最低工资保障职能,同时建立以工资正常增长机制为主和最低工资保障机制为辅的工资制度,以及积极探索制定其他公共政策来保护社会弱势群体。     

全球产业链、区域工资差异与产业升级——对长三角和珠三角产业发展模式的一个比较研究

本文从全球产业链视角,对珠三角和长三角目前发展的差异做了理论分析。研究发现,后发国家或地区在产业链中的位置决定了其相应的工资水平。在工资内生决定的情况下,任何干预工资的外部行为并不能促使其产业升级。研究还发现,后发国家或地区的产业升级具有"囚徒困境"的性质,跨国公司的进入一方面有可能促使其摆脱困境进而升级,另一方面也有可能使其陷入低水平发展陷阱中不能自拔。当后者发生的时候,政府对于企业技术创新或新技术引进的鼓励和补贴有助于本土企业摆脱低水平发展的情形。以上分析同时也指出了珠三角产业升级的重点。     

中国农村地区收入差距解释:1997～2005

1997～2005年我国农村地区收入差距以2000年为转折点,经历了先下降后上升的变化过程。要素分解分析表明,1997～2000年地区收入差距的下降完全归因于分配效应;2001～2005年地区收入差距的上升主要归因于结构效应。样本分解分析表明,东中西部地区间的差距和东部地区内部的差距是形成农村地区差距的主要原因。费景汉-兰尼斯分解分析表明,工资性收入、地理位置、教育、物质资本和人均占有耕地面积共解释了地区收入差距的80%以上。     

数据驱动的国土空间规划：理论、范式及趋势

研究目的：从“新数据”与国土空间规划之间的关系出发,分析数据驱动规划的理论基础、基本概念、逻辑体系、主要范式、本质特征,以期为构建面向未来人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化国土空间治理新格局提供理论参考与决策依据。研究方法：文献研究法和系统分析法。研究结果：（1）数据驱动规划是一种通过模型、算法实现多源异构数据的获取筛选、分析挖掘、模拟预测,实现国土空间规划全流程、全链条、全方位定量化的重要模式方法,具有系统性、科学性、实质性等“3S”特性;（2）数据驱动规划遵循基于“总量—增量—存量—流量—质量”过程优化的自然空间、基于“流态—业态—形态”多维复合的社会空间、基于“数字化—智能化—智慧化”技术支撑的数字空间三大逻辑体系;（3）数据驱动规划可划分为全要素协同驱动、多时空尺度驱动、全生命周期驱动和多元化场景驱动4种范式,其本质是以数据要素为核心与纽带,有效链接和无缝衔接自发生长型规划和人为引导型规划,是一种追求人与自然和谐共生的规划,并呈现出全面感知、适应学习、反馈治理等主要特征。研究结论：面向未来数字技术发展趋势,应加强“大数据”和“小数据”以及“新数据”和“老数据”之间的结合,“真数据”...